Abstract: The present disclosure is related to a level and/or density sensor for vessels suitable for storing liquids, in particular barrels or vats, more in particular barrels or vats for storing or producing wine. The hydrostatic pressure differential sensor for measuring volume and/or density disclosed herein comprises a main body; a tube for diving into the liquid; a hydrostatic pressure differential sensor; an air injector for injecting air into said tube; wherein the tube is coupled to the main body; wherein the hydrostatic pressure differential sensor has two inlets, a first inlet airtight connected to the upper top of said tube, configured so that the tube maintains air present in the interior thereof when dived into the liquid, and a second inlet for communicating with the interior of the vessel.

Abstract: A ventilator system including an oxygen delivery cylinder, an air delivery unit, connecting tubes, and a digital display unit. The system further includes a Y connector configured to mix air and oxygen, to form a gas and pass said gas towards an outlet of the system. A water manometer that is configured to monitor a pressure of the gas in the system and blow off the excess pressure of the gas. A solenoid valve that is configured to adjust an end respiratory pressure obtained from a breathing device connected to the outlet of the system. The pressure of the gas being instantly delivered to the breathing device is measured by water manometer from a dead space near the outlet, thereby enabling a dual monitoring of the gas pressure being delivered to the breathing device.

Abstract: Particle traps and meters fitted with particle traps are described for removing particles from a gas flowing through a gas meter, for example, removing particles from a gas flowing through an ultrasonic gas meter serving a domestic property. In one example, the particle trap has a body which defines a space defined by first and second portions of the body and housing a filter, an inlet through which gas can enter the space, and an outlet through which the gas can exit the space. The inlet and outlet are defined in the first portion and second portion is spaced away from the outlet.

Abstract: An irreversible pressure indicator, comprising a sealed vessel forming a fluid chamber and at least one indicating chamber; an indicating material contained within the fluid chamber, said material capable of being acted upon by a pressure force; and a gas contained within the indicating chamber, said gas capable of being displaced or compressed by said indicating material, and a method for using the same.

Abstract: A manometer quick connect device is provided for pressure testing a gas outlet of a household cooking appliance. The manometer quick connect device include a body having a first end and a second end opposite the first end, the body having a hollow cavity extending from the first end to the second end, wherein the first end of the body includes a feature for coupling the manometer quick connect device to a manometer, and a seal at the second end of the body, wherein the seal includes a sealing surface for sealing the hollow cavity of the body to a surface of the gas outlet, the seal including an opening for providing fluid communication between the hollow cavity and an orifice of the gas outlet.

Abstract: A manometer quick connect device is provided for pressure testing a gas outlet of a household cooking appliance. The manometer quick connect device include a body having a first end and a second end opposite the first end, the body having a hollow cavity extending from the first end to the second end, wherein the first end of the body includes a feature for coupling the manometer quick connect device to a manometer, and a seal at the second end of the body, wherein the seal includes a sealing surface for sealing the hollow cavity of the body to a surface of the gas outlet, the seal including an opening for providing fluid communication between the hollow cavity and an orifice of the gas outlet.

Abstract: A cost effective manometer is realized for accurately measuring back pressure in all types of vents and ducts. Common back pressure can be caused by restrictions, such as lint or soot buildup. The manometer consists of a main body having two reservoirs for storage of measuring fluid. The first reservoir contains measuring fluid during transit eliminating the need for end user to manually fill manometer prior to first use. Measuring fluid is transferred to second main reservoir prior to initial use. The second reservoir contains an adjustable bladder or plunger for obtaining a zero reading prior to measurement. The manometer can be used on all types of vents and ducts where positive or negative pressure exists. The manometer can be used for measuring positive or negative pressures as well as differential pressures.

Abstract: A device forming a manometer, configured to measure pressure of a biphasic fluid in a fluidic network, including: a first channel inside which a biphasic fluid is able to flow; a second channel emerging into the first channel, wherein the second channel is blind, with each of its dimensions less than capillary length of the fluid's liquid phase, and with at least one of its lengthways wall having a surface energy gradient that decreases from its inlet to the end. The surface energy gradient enables the wetting angle of the meniscus of the fluid's liquid phase to be increased in the blind channel from its inlet to the end. Such a device may find application to measurement of pressure of a biphasic fluid in a heat exchanger or in a fuel cell.

Abstract: A canopy is removably secured to the container body, is respectively fitted with: a base of a water level indicator for detecting a remaining amount of liquid reducing agent; a base of a densitometer for detecting a concentration of a liquid reducing agent; and a heat exchanger which surrounds detection portions respectively suspended from the bases of the water level indicator and the densitometer, and through which is circulated engine coolant, to perform heat exchange with the liquid reducing agent, and a supply port and a return port for the liquid reducing agent are respectively formed in the canopy. The water level indicator, the densitometer, the heat exchanger, and the supply port and the return port for the liquid reducing agent are formed integrally with the canopy, so that the water level indicator and the densitometer can be dismounted together with the canopy at the same time.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for measuring changes in pressure in a fluidic system are described. In one aspect, an apparatus for measuring pressure as described herein includes a test channel (e.g., a first fluidic channel (120)) and a control channel (e.g., a second fluidic channel (125)) that join a measuring region (130) downstream of the test and control channels. In some embodiments, fluid flowing in the test and control channels can be laminar and form a stable fluid interface in the measuring region. A property of the fluid interface, such as the position of the fluid interface, e.g., relative to a width of the measuring region, may be measured, in some cases visually. In some embodiments, introduction of a component (e.g., a cell) into the test channel can cause a change in pressure drop in the test channel. This change in pressure drop can cause a deflection of the fluid interface.

Abstract: A pressure sensor for sensing changes in pressure in an enclosed vessel may include a first chamber having at least one expandable section therein that allows that first chamber to change in length. A reference member mounted within the first chamber moves as a result of changes in length of the first chamber. A second chamber having an expandable section therein allows the second chamber to change in length in response to changes in pressure in the enclosed vessel. The second chamber is operatively associated with the first chamber so that changes in length of the second chamber result in changes in length of the first chamber. A sensor operatively associated with the reference member detects changes in position of the reference member. Changes in position of the reference member are related to changes in pressure in the enclosed vessel.

Abstract: On an upper surface of a container body, there are disposed at least a base portion of a concentration meter configured to detect the concentration of a liquid reducing agent based on a heat transmission characteristic between two spaced points, and a heat exchanger configured to permit the engine coolant to circulate therein and arranged to surround a detecting section of the concentration meter, which hangs from the base portion of the concentration meter via a supporting column thereof, to thereby perform the heat exchange with the liquid reducing agent, and also, a protector or an encasing element of substantially box shape is arranged to surround a lower portion of the heat exchanger and the detecting section of the concentration meter, and further, a visor is attached on the supporting column of the concentration meter, which is positioned above the protector by a predetermined interval.

Abstract: A canopy is removably secured to the container body, is respectively fitted with: a base of a water level indicator for detecting a remaining amount of liquid reducing agent; a base of a densitometer for detecting a concentration of a liquid reducing agent; and a heat exchanger which surrounds detection portions respectively suspended from the bases of the water level indicator and the densitometer, and through which is circulated engine coolant, to perform heat exchange with the liquid reducing agent, and a supply port and a return port for the liquid reducing agent are respectively formed in the canopy. The water level indicator, the densitometer, the heat exchanger, and the supply port and the return port for the liquid reducing agent are formed integrally with the canopy, so that the water level indicator and the densitometer can be dismounted together with the canopy at the same time.

Abstract: A manometer for multi-channel pressure measurement is presented which includes two or more manometer channels, where each channel includes an independent fluid level adjustment. Also included is a method for calibrating multiple channel carburetors using a manometer having multiple channels each having an independent fluid level adjustment.

Abstract: An electronic manometer comprises a manometer body installed with an operating unit, a tying strip, a pressure sensor, and a main control unit; wherein the operating unit sets the main control unit to adjust the pressure of the tying strip; the pressure sensor serves to measure blood pressure or to detect irregular pulses; the operating unit switches the manometer body to operated under at least two different operation modes. The operation modes are blood pressure measuring mode and irregular pulse detection mode. The manometer body has no pump for inflating air or has a pump for inflating air. The tying strip is connected to an inflation unit and air draining unit and the main control unit inflates air into the tying strip through the inflation unit and drains air in the tying strip through the air draining unit. Further, the tying strip is connected to an air releasing unit.

Abstract: A manometer for multi-channel pressure measurement is presented which includes two or more manometer channels, where each channel includes an independent fluid level adjustment. Also included is a method for calibrating multiple channel carburetors using a manometer having multiple channels each having an independent fluid level adjustment.

Abstract: A pressure sensor for measuring a pressure difference between a pressure being measured and the ambient atmospheric pressure surrounding the pressure sensor, including a platform and a membrane loadable with a pressure being measured. The membrane is secured at its edge to the platform, with a pressure chamber thus being formed between the platform and the measuring membrane. The pressure chamber communicates over a reference air path with the atmosphere, with the reference air path being a winding path.

Abstract: A method of measuring absolute static pressure in a microfluidic device transporting a working fluid that is immiscible in a first selected gas environment, includes providing a first fluid conducting channel having an atmosphere provided by the first selected gas environment in a sealed environment and in communication with the microfluidic device at a first point of communication; providing a first sensing mechanism that is electrically interrogated, disposed adjacent to the first fluid conducting channel; and transporting the working fluid under pressure conducted by the microfluidic device into the first fluid conducting channel such that the volume transported into such first fluid conducting channel varies depending upon the absolute static pressure of the working fluid.

Abstract: An electric pressure probe for an aircraft comprises: a pitot tube assembly for collecting pneumatically air pressure in the vicinity of the assembly; a strut including one end mountable to a surface of the aircraft, the pitot tube assembly being coupled to another end of the strut for being supported away from the aircraft surface; a pressure sensor integral to the strut and pneumatically coupled to the pitot tube assembly for converting the pneumatic pressure collected thereby to an electrical pressure signal; and circuitry integral to the strut and coupled to the pressure sensor for signal conditioning the electrical pressure signal, the circuitry including at least one output lead for conducting the conditioned electrical signal from the probe.

Abstract: A method of measuring absolute static pressure at one or more positions along the wall of a microfluidic device transporting a working fluid that is immiscible in a first selected gas environment, includes providing a first fluid conducting channel having an atmosphere provided by the selected gas environment under a sealed environment and in communication with the microfluidic device at a first point of communication; providing a visual scale adjacent to the first fluid conducting channel; and transporting the working fluid under pressure conducted by the microfluidic device into the first fluid conducting channel such that the volume transported into such first fluid conducting channel varies depending upon the absolute static pressure of the working fluid at the first point of communication, whereby the absolute static pressure at the first point of communication is visually determined depending on the position of the interface of the working fluid and the first selected gas environment in the first fluid

Abstract: A manometer for measuring fluid pressure having a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor that is inverted with respect to the first pressure sensor. The first pressure sensor generates a first electrical output signal corresponding to a fluid pressure measured by a first diaphragm of the first pressure sensor. The second pressure sensor generates a second electrical output signal corresponding to a fluid pressure measured by a second diaphragm of the second pressure sensor. The first and second electrical output signals are combined into a combined electrical output signal. False readings of a change in/pressure measured by the first pressure sensor and measured by the second pressure sensor in each of the first and second electrical output signals, due to movement of the manometer, are cancelled by one another in the combined electrical output signal to provide an accurate pressure measurement regardless of movement of the manometer.

Abstract: An electric pressure probe for an aircraft comprises: a pitot tube assembly for collecting pneumatically air pressure in the vicinity of the assembly; a strut including one end mountable to a surface of the aircraft, the pitot tube assembly being coupled to another end of the strut for being supported away from the aircraft surface; a pressure sensor integral to the strut and pneumatically coupled to the pitot tube assembly for converting the pneumatic pressure collected thereby to an electrical pressure signal; and circuitry integral to the strut and coupled to the pressure sensor for signal conditioning the electrical pressure signal, the circuitry including at least one output lead for conducting the conditioned electrical signal from the probe.

Abstract: Upward variations of a molten metal level in a container for melting metallic material shall be carried out by detecting variations of a liquid level inside a detector connected to a gas-pipeline, wherein a rise in the pipeline pressure causes the liquid level to move down. Communication is established by means of a gas-pipeline 13 for inert gas between that portion of a container for melting metallic material which is above a molten metal surface 15a and that portion of a detector 16 comprising a transparent tubular container 18 which is above a liquid surface 17a. Variations of the liquid level 17a inside the detector 16 due to a rise in the pressure inside the above-mentioned gas-pipeline 13 are detected as upward variations of the level of the molten metal surface.

Abstract: A manometer for measuring fluid pressure having a first pressure sensor and a second pressure sensor that is inverted with respect to the first pressure sensor. The first pressure sensor generates a first electrical output signal corresponding to a fluid pressure measured by a first diaphragm of the first pressure sensor. The second pressure sensor generates a second electrical output signal corresponding to a fluid pressure measured by a second diaphragm of the second pressure sensor. The first and second electrical output signals are combined into a combined electrical output signal. False readings of a change in pressure measured by the first pressure sensor and measured by the second pressure sensor in each of the first and second electrical output signals, due to movement of the manometer, are cancelled by one another in the combined electrical output signal to provide an accurate pressure measurement regardless of movement of the manometer.

Abstract: A dual-action disconnect valve mechanism for a double column manometer that simultaneously disconnects both tubes of the manometer from external pressure regions or sources, and a fluid displacement reservoir conveniently adjustable for varying the device's reservoir capacity and the height of liquid in the tubes, this adjustment being by a screw type adjustment which easily and conveniently achieves an accurate condition of the liquid levels being substantially exactly at the zero calibration marking. The concepts provide that supplying the manometer liquid at a precise height along the calibration scale without having to move the scale relative to the tubes.

Abstract: A condensation vessel for the measurement of steam pressure includes a steam zone, a steam line which opens in the steam zone at an entrance, a condensate zone which is directly adjacent the steam zone and geodetically below the entrance, and a discharge device which is connected to the steam zone and which serves for a discharge of steam and noncondensable gases from the condensation vessel. A method for operating the condensation vessel includes condensing steam which contains an increased fraction of a noncondensable gas, in particular radiolysis gas, out of the steam zone. The gas is led out of the condensation vessel in dissolved form through the discharge device, with the result that the risk of faulty measurement is largely ruled out, since virtually no gas is dissolved in the condensate within the condensate zone. The condensation vessel can be installed in a simple way, even in the course of retrofitting, for measuring the filling level of a reactor pressure vessel.

Abstract: An apparatus for multiple channel perfused gastrointestinal manometry particularly useful for animals and small children which avoids errors in pressure measurement due to air bubbles, particularly micro- bubbles in the channels. Achieved by the use of a carbon dioxide flush of the apparatus to displace the air bubbles in the manifold and manometry lines. The carbon dioxide is subsequently dissolved in the subsequent flow of manometric infusate.

Abstract: Patient pressure monitoring systems require constant monitoring and adjustment by patient care specialists because of erroneous indications of changes in blood pressure readings which occur is such systems. The changes are due to errors produced by the sensing system caused by patient movement with respect to the pressure sensor. Such erroneous changes are eliminated by the addition of a second fluid path which is maintained at atmospheric pressure and controllably is connected to the prime fluid path to normalize any change in pressure in the prime path due to changes in relative positions of the sensor and the patient.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring fluid pressure in a passage or tube for use with medical apparatus such as balloon catheters. A diaphragm gauge is provided and includes a case which houses a first diaphragm, a translation mechanism connected to the first diaphragm and a pointer attached to the translation mechanism for providing readouts of fluid pressure. The diaphragm is coupled to a fluid passage, such that changes in fluid pressure cause the diaphragm to activate the translation mechanism, thus providing readouts by means of the pointer. A second diaphragm is provided for sealing the fluid passage from the first diaphragm, for preventing transfer of materials between the first diaphragm and the passage. The second diaphragm is of a biocompatible, nonpyrogenic, sterlizable material, such a polyurethane, polyvinylchloride, or polyethylene. Alternatively, a biocompatible, nonpyrogenic coating may be provided on the first diaphragm for sealing it from the fluid passage.

Abstract: A dual cistern manometer having a vertically extending manometer assembly is designed to reduce the temperature gradient along a vertical axis. The assembly is housed in a cylindrical chamber that is itself surrounded by an outer cylindrical enclosure. The enclosure is coaxial with and spaced from the chamber cylinder to form a first annular return air duct. A first annular wall extends across the top of the cylindrical chamber and is supported by the cylindrical enclosure. A second, annular wall secured to the top of the chamber cooperates with the first wall to define a second, annular return air duct having a continuously curved shape for directing upwardly flowing air from the measurement chamber outwardly and downwardly into the first annular return air duct.

Abstract: A capillary viscometer in which the liquid meniscus is detected by sensing electrical resistance changes in hermetically sealed electrical resistors which are spaced apart at the two levels in the measuring tube in which the meniscus is to be detected. The resistors are encased in glass and the electrical leads to these resistors are passed through glass tubes to a cable connector.

Abstract: A prebubble detector is provided for an underwater drainage apparatus. A series of sensors and detectors are disposed along the small arm of the underwater seal in a drainage device and means is provided for detecting the least degree of negativity reached during each breathing cycle. This information is fed to a logic circuit, timer and display so that the physician can readily see what the least degree of negativity reached is and how long a period of time has elapsed since the least degree of negativity has not decreased. A continuing trend of the least degree of negativity toward zero would indicate an air leak in the pleural cavity whereas stability of the least degree of negativity would indicate no air leak in the pleural cavity.

Abstract: A portable inexpensive manometer is realized by forming a housing assembly of two pivotable panels. The probe and a major portion of the tube are stored within the interior of the housing until the manometer is to be used. The measuring liquid is stored in a reservoir which is mounted adjacent a measuring gauge formed as an integral part of one of the panels. The reservoir is adjustable to obtain a zero reading prior to a measurement. The reservoir is exposed to the ambient during measurement by selective manipulation of a reservoir cap assembly.

Abstract: A relatively simple and compact apparatus is described for producing and/or monitoring a plurality of reference pressures wherein all the pressures must be precise and, especially, precisely related to each other. The apparatus includes a plurality of manometers, each including a reservoir and an elongated vertical tube connected together at their lower ends and partially filled with a manometer liquid such as mercury. As an example, a first (lower) reference pressure such as 150 torr (150 mm Hg) is connected to the reservoir of a first manometer while a second reference pressure such as 300 torr is connected to the reservoir of a second manometer of the same construction. The liquid in the vertical tubes will be at the same level only when the second reference pressure is precisely twice as great as the first.

Abstract: Manometer apparatus includes an elongated rigid channel-like frame for protectively enclosing a manometer tube. The frame is formed with a plurality of internal longitudinal slides for supporting a planar or curved scale, a scale adjust slider and a transparent front plate which enables the same frame to be used in a variety of different manometer configurations. The frame may be used in conjunction with a well adjustably mounted relative to the frame and a fluid connection is established between the tube enclosed within the frame and the interior of the well by an accessible small-volume fluid conduit. Several different manometer versions using the same basic frame are disclosed.

Abstract: A precision manometer gauge which locates a zero height and a measured height of liquid using an open tube in communication with a reservoir adapted to receive the pressure to be measured. The open tube has a reference section carried on a positioning plate which is moved vertically with machine tool precision. Double scales are provided to read the height of the positioning plate accurately, the reference section being inclined for accurate meniscus adjustment, and means being provided to accurately locate a zero or reference position.

Abstract: A fuel gauge for locomotives comprises a block adapted for attachment to the locomotive fuel tank near the bottom thereof, preferably by connection with a tank drain plug. First and second chambers in the block are joined by a passage connecting the lower ends thereof and serve as a reservoir for an indicator liquid having a density greater than that of the fuel to be gauged and being immiscible with respect thereto. Valve-controlled passage means connects the interior of the tank with the upper end of the first of said chambers, permitting fuel to enter the first chamber and form an interface with said indicator liquid. A gauge glass connected with the upper end of the second of said chambers in conjunction with a gauge scale provides a visual indication of the quantity of fuel in the tank.

Abstract: An inclined manometer particularly adapted for gauging the draft of a stove flue pipe is provided. The manometer is comprised of a pair of opposed open-ended legs mounted on a mounting plate. The legs are inclined at a relatively large angle from each other and are integrally joined at a midpoint nadir including an indenting recess. One terminal end of a first of the legs is received inside the flue pipe and a second terminal end of a second of the legs is opened to the ambient environment outside the flue pipe. The mounting plate includes a registry for identifying pressure differentials between the terminal ends. A selectively adjustable mounting bracket is employed for mounting the mounting plate to the flue pipe and for selectively leveling the manometer legs. A manometer fluid is provided consisting of ninety to ninety-seven percent propylene glycol and three to ten percent water with a trace of dye material.

Abstract: An instrument wherein the downwards or upwards displacement of menisci under the action of a pressure differential in a U-tube arrangement is magnified by a factor of 10.sup.4 or more. This measurement precision is accomplished by determining the volume of manometer fluid displaced via the observation of motion of an air bubble inside a horizontal capillary tube connecting the large and equal diameter vertical legs of a manometer.

Abstract: A manometer type instrument with an open leg above an indicator fluid. It is subject to immersion in a body of liquid, the change in level of which is to be measured. It includes an improvement which eliminates the formation of a capillary seal at the top of the open leg. The improvement uses a relatively thin wire that is supported so as to extend down into the open leg far enough to reach through the capillary seal.

Abstract: A roll-up type U-tube manometer of the type disclosed in Dwyer U.S. Pat. No.

Abstract: A method for measuring the density of a vapor includes continuously introducing the vapor into the inlet of a vertical zone at a rate sufficient to maintain the zone completely filled with the vapor, and measuring the pressure at the lower portion of the zone relative to a reference pressure.

Abstract: A roll-up type U-tube manometer of the type disclosed in Dwyer U.S. Pat. No.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring pressure having a reservoir at its base contaig a measuring fluid. Mounted on the reservoir is a uniquely constructed manometer and a side arm with a stopcock to contain fluid spillage when blowouts occur due to gas formations.

Abstract: A manometer for recording maximum pressures from a liquid supply comprising, a closed air chamber, an elongated channel communicating with the supply adjacent a lower end of the channel and communicating with the chamber through an opening adjacent an upper end of the channel, and an overflow cavity positioned to receive and collect liquid passing through the channel and opening such that the quantity of liquid collected in the cavity provides an indication of the maximum pressure achieved by the supply.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for measuring the linear extent and hence the concentration of several constituent blood cell types which are contained in the buffy coat of a centrifuged sample of anticoagulated blood.

Abstract: A surgical drainage system is provided for the drainage of fluid from a body cavity which comprises a collection chamber, a U-tube manometer having one arm in fluid communication with the inlet to the collection chamber and a closed chamber in fluid communication with the other arm of the U-tube manometer. There is provided a rupturable container of liquid within one arm of the U-tube manometer such that when pressure is applied to the container a weakened seal breaks, thus allowing the liquid within the container to flow into the lower connected arms of the U-tube manometer. The U-tube manometer provides a visual indication of changes of pressure in the body cavity by oscillation of the liquid in the manometer. There is further provided a one way valve between the collection chamber and the inlet to the collection chamber. The one way valve permits fluids to flow from the body cavity into the collection chamber but prevents backflow of any higher pressure gas that might exist in the collection chamber.

Abstract: A U-type manometer particularly designed for use in measuring the height of iquids of different densities held in containers which features a calibrated measuring tube, a reservoir of manometric liquid connected to the lower end of the calibrated measuring tube, a piston having an aperture therein defining two communicating chambers in the reservoir, the aperture in the piston being at a height substantially equal to the zero level of the manometric liquid in the calibrated measuring tube, a connection between the enclosure containing the liquid whose height is to be measured and the reservoir and means for moving the piston within the reservoir.

Abstract: An indicating apparatus for enabling a motor car driver to read the crankcase oil level by depressing a diaphragm forming part of an indicating unit. The diaphragm then opens and closes connections between a measuring tube reaching down into the crankcase oil and the indicating unit in such a manner as to reproduce the crankcase oil level in an indicating tube forming part of the indicating unit, regardless of pressure and temperature variations of the crankcase oil and ambient air.