Abstract: An artificial eye assembly (100) comprising: —an anterior layer (50) comprising an anterior cavity (52); —a flow constricting (40) layer comprising a first aperture (42), and wherein the first aperture (42) is in fluid communication with the anterior cavity (52); —a shaping layer (30) comprising a second aperture and a shaping structure (32), wherein the shaping structure (32) is located within, partially within, or outside of the second aperture, and wherein the shaping structure comprises (32) one or more webs (33), the webs (33) connecting the structure (32) to the rest of the shaping layer (30), and wherein the second aperture is in fluid communication with the first aperture (42); —a flow resistive layer (20) comprising pores, and wherein pores of the layer are in fluid communication with the second aperture; —a posterior layer (10) comprising a posterior cavity (12), and wherein the posterior cavity (12) is in fluid communication with pores of the flow resistive layer (20); —a fluid inlet (13) located i

Abstract: Methods and compositions of storing a biological material are described herein. In some embodiments, these methods provide one or more advantages over current methods. For example, methods described herein can be used to prepare and process biological materials for storage at elevated temperatures. In one aspect, a method of storing a biological material comprises providing a preservation composition and exposing the preservation composition to electromagnetic radiation to form an amorphous solid matrix containing the biological material. In some embodiments, the method further comprises monitoring temperature of the preservation composition during the exposure to the electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: A modular surrogate can include: a body having an external body surface with an anatomical shape, wherein the body includes an internal chamber with at least one port formed in the body extending inwardly; at least one anatomical module having an external module portion and a module stem coupled thereto, the module stem being received into a corresponding module port of the at least one port, the external module portion having an external module surface with an anatomical shape, the external body surface matches with the external module surface to provide a continuous anatomical shape; at least one sensor located in the at least one anatomical module; and at least one controller, wherein when the at least one anatomical module is coupled with the body, the at least one sensor is capable of being operably coupled with the at least one controller.

Abstract: Methods and devices for testing effects of external stimuli on breast appearance in an x-ray image are provided. A model for testing may include a breast phantom with an encapsulated hydrogel. In some examples, a three-dimensional cell culture and/or microfluidic channels may be encapsulated in the hydrogel. A first set of x-ray images of the model may be captured, thermal energy may be applied to the model, and a second set of x-ray images of the model may be captured while the thermal energy is being applied for comparison with the first set to determine effects of the thermal energy on appearance of the model. By incrementally increasing an amount of thermal energy applied and capturing subsequent x-ray images for comparison, an appropriate temperature range may be determined for heating compression surfaces of a breast imaging system to reduce compression-related pain and discomfort for patients without compromising x-ray image quality.

Abstract: A database system includes a first table comprising a plurality of columns and a plurality of column values associated with each of the plurality of columns. For each of the plurality of columns, a structural relationship is determined with each other of the plurality of columns based on the plurality of column values associated with each of the plurality of columns. One or more of the plurality of columns comprising a primary key of the first table are determined based on the structural relationships.

Abstract: A paving system may include a paving machine, including a paving material delivery assembly, including a hopper, a conveyor assembly, an auger, and a screed. The paving machine may also include an emulsion fluid delivery assembly including a plurality of spray bars, wherein each spray bar includes one or more nozzles. The paving system may also include a controller and a display interface. The controller may be configured to receive inputs from the display interface indicative of a mass and an area of emulsion fluid delivered from one active nozzle in order to calibrate the emulsion fluid delivery assembly.

Abstract: A catheter simulator (10) of the invention has a container (20) filled with a liquid; an elastic heart model (30) installed in a floating state in the liquid with which the container (20) is filled; and a pump (50) connected to the heart model (30). The pump (50) is connected to an apex section of the heart model and produces a pulsatile flow from the apex section toward an aorta. Coronary arteries (33) provided on the surface of a main body (30A) of the heart model (30), pulsate together with the main body as a result of the pulsatile flow flowing from the pump (50).

Abstract: The present invention discloses an adjustable karst water and soil loss simulation apparatus, comprising a surface runoff region, a vegetation buffer layer, a rainfall simulation apparatus, a bare rock-soil layer, a ponor, a slope adjuster, permeable layers, an underground river emergence point, a water receiving port, a glass perspective plate, a movable chassis and a waterproof base layer. The apparatus in the present invention can simulate special surface and underground dual environments in a karst environment, thereby aiding interpretation, providing simulation of a real environment under various environmental condition differences and bringing accurate water and soil loss data under similar conditions. Moreover, the apparatus has characteristics of transparent simulation, accurate numerical value, wide simulation application scope, simple structure, portability, convenient use, durability and the like.

Abstract: A shoulder assembly for a crash test dummy includes a movable clavicle adapted for attachment to a spine of the crash test dummy for freedom of movement in three-dimensional space, a scapula non-rigidly adapted mounted for attachment to the spine for freedom of movement in three-dimensional space, a shoulder cup member adapted for attachment to the spine in a plurality of axes for a shoulder joint, and an upper arm assembly having an arm bone made of a plastic material for operative attachment to the shoulder cup member to allow an impact on the shoulder of the dummy to move the shoulder assembly towards the spine.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention provide systems and methods for determining contact with a storage medium. As an example, a data storage system is disclosed that includes: a head assembly and a data processing circuit. The head includes a head disk interface sensor operable to provide a contact signal indicating contact between the head and a storage medium disposed in relation to the head. The data processing circuit is operable to process the contact signal to yield an indication of a contact between the storage medium and the head.

Abstract: Simulating load conditions for training purposes or for testing a patient transport litter having an elongate, flexible panel including a periphery and multiple handles attached to the periphery entails placing a water-fillable human body simulator bag on the flexible panel, filling the bag with water to form a water-filled simulator emulating human body weight of an incapacitated person sized to overlay an area of the flexible panel within the periphery, restraining the water-filed simulator within the litter by fastening portions of the periphery to each other with securement straps, and suspending the water-filed simulator by lifting the multiple handles.

Abstract: A polyacrylamide tissue phantom embedded with multi-formulated thermochromic liquid crystals for use in the evaluation of RF ablation therapies is provided. The tissue phantom approximates the properties of biological tissue, and therefore provides a suitable substitute for use in testing the effects of RF and other energy-emitting devices on biological tissue. Also provided is a system for using the tissue phantom in the evaluation of RF therapies.

Abstract: The present invention provides a microfluidic device which includes at least 3 chambers, a chamber inlet, at least 2 dichotomously branching generations of channels, a channel inlet, and a channel outlet, wherein the channels and the chambers are separated by deformable walls, wherein each wall is lined with at least one cavity, and wherein the cavity is fluidly connected to the channel.

Abstract: Devices, systems and methods are provided for the targeted treatment of abnormal sensory conditions. In such conditions, physical stimuli is transduced into neuronal impulses that are subsequently transmitted to the central nervous system for processing. Such transduction is achieved by primary sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglions. Subcellular structures on primary sensory neurons can significantly modulate the function of these neurons, thereby affecting the transduction and reducing the abnormal sensory experiences. Thus, devices, systems and methods are provided for neuromodulating subcellular structures on primary sensory neurons of the dorsal root ganglions.

Abstract: A land mine simulator includes a housing having an opening formed in one end thereof. A plate movably supported in the housing's opening has a first face exposed to a surrounding environment and a second face exposed to an interior region of the housing. A non-compressible fluid-filled reservoir in the housing includes a flexible diaphragm opposing and spaced apart from the second face of the plate. Plungers are between each of the second face of the plate and the diaphragm. Each of one or more air spring in the housing includes a cylinder having a movable piston sealed therein with a first side of the piston in fluid communication with the reservoir's fluid and a second side of the piston in fluid communication with a pressurized volume of gas within the cylinder. A pressure sensor is provided in communication with the fluid in the reservoir.

Abstract: Prostate phantom comprising an artificial prostate (1) and an artificial lesion arranged within the artificial prostate (1), wherein the artificial prostate (1) comprises: a first part (1a) mimicking a peripheral zone of a zonal anatomy of the prostate, the first part (1a) being made of a first artificial tissue and comprising a closed outer surface, at least a second part (1b) separate from the first part (1a) and mimicking at least a second zone of the zonal anatomy of the prostate, the second part (1b) being made of a second artificial tissue and comprising a closed outer surface, the first (1a) and second (1b) parts contacting each other along an interface mimicking a boundary between the peripheral zone and the second zone.

Abstract: A test system and method for determining thermal effects of tissue ablation on an ex vivo tissue includes a power generator, a grounding patch, and a material block configured to emulate an electrical property of a patient. The power generator electrically connects to an electrode to generate an electrical current in the electrode. The grounding patch electrically connects to the power generator, and the material block electrically connects to the grounding patch. Furthermore, the material block includes an ex vivo tissue patch configured to emulate an in vivo tissue of the patient. As such, selectively engaging the electrode to the ex vivo tissue patch electrically connects the electrode to the grounding patch through the material block for electrocauterizing the ex vivo tissue patch.

Abstract: A sample testing device includes a motor, a gear reducer, and an output shaft coupled for rotation by the motor via the gear reducer. The sample testing device further includes a first device adapted to enable the output shaft to move linearly in a first direction substantially parallel with an axis of the output shaft and a second device coupled to the first device for enabling the output shaft to move linearly in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction. The sample testing can further include a third device coupled to the first and second devices for enabling the output shaft to translate linearly in a third direction substantially perpendicular to the first and second directions.

Abstract: A system and method for sampling fluid from a top land piston crevice of a reciprocating piston engine. Access into the crevice is via a length of tubing inserted into a bore through the piston wall. Two valves, first a relief valve and then a piloted check valve, operate together to capture a sample of fluid from the crevice at a time just before TDC of the piston on its compression stroke. The sampled fluid flows from the check valve into a sample container. The valves further cooperate to close fluid communication from the crevice after a sample is taken, which allows the engine to operate normally.

Abstract: A shoulder assembly for a crash test dummy includes a shoulder assembly having a spring housing and a shoulder pivot member pivotally connected to the spring housing. The shoulder assembly includes a spring element disposed in the spring housing and an adjustable member to adjust the friction of the spring element.

Abstract: A shoulder and upper arm assembly for a crash test dummy includes a shoulder assembly having a spring housing and a shoulder pivot member pivotally connected to the spring housing. The shoulder assembly includes a spring element disposed in the spring housing and an adjustable member to adjust the friction of the spring element. An upper arm assembly includes a bone assembly having one end connected to the shoulder assembly and another end for connection to a lower arm assembly. The bone assembly includes a bone member made of metal and a load cell connected to the bone member to measure a load on the bone member.

Abstract: An artificial fingerprinting solution that includes a heated blend of glyceryl trioleate and artificial sebum configured to approximate the fingerprint oil of a human. The artificial fingerprinting solution may also be included in a kit that also includes an artificial fingerprint stamp that has an artificial fingerprint transfer member that imitates a human fingerprint and is capable of receiving and holding at least a portion of the artificial fingerprint solution when the artificial fingerprinting transfer member contacts the artificial fingerprint solution.

Abstract: A dummy for testing whether sizes of receiving spaces for receiving electrical elements in an enclosure are suitable or not. The dummy includes a frame and a handle attached to the frame. The frame includes a bottom wall. A number of wheels are rotatably attached to opposite ends of the bottom wall. Thereby, the frame is slidably received in the enclosure. A width and a height of the frame are respectively equal to minimum values of a width and height of one of the receiving spaces.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to a three-dimensional dummy object, in particular for functionally testing driver assistance systems in motor vehicles, comprising a head, a skeleton, a trunk, movable anus, and movable legs. The skeleton comprises a trunk skeleton having cavities, to which the arms and legs are articulated, wherein the legs each have a thigh and a lower leg articulated to the thigh, wherein a drive unit and a receiver/control unit are installed in the trunk skeleton, which receiver/control unit receives signals correlating to the relative velocity of the moving dummy object as an input quantity, such that the movement pattern of the thighs and lower legs can be varied according to the relative velocity of the dummy object by means of an installed movement mechanism.

Abstract: A multimodal cardiac phantom has a body structure with a shape and properties that mimic the elasticity, ultrasound, and magnetic properties of cardiac tissue. The multimodal cardiac phantom is advantageously produced from a polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol. The polyvinyl alcohol may include magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) markers and ultrasound markers. The multimodal cardiac phantom can be used to evaluate and to configure apparatuses for imagining cardiac tissue.

Abstract: A method of simulating non-destructive testing with the aid of at least one probe. The method comprises the steps of measuring inspection parameters, in particular related to the position of the probe in space and generating synthetic signals corresponding to a non-destructive testing operation.

Abstract: A chest band assembly for a crash test dummy includes a chest band adapted to be disposed about a rib cage of the crash test dummy and a sensor cooperating with the chest band and the rib cage. The sensor is made of a carrier and a plurality of optical fibers bonded to the carrier, wherein each of the optical fibers has at least one sensor.

Abstract: A cavitational ultrasound (e.g., Histotripsy) gel phantom and cavitational ultrasound testing system are provided that may include any of a number of features. One feature of the phantom and system is that it can allow for instant visual feedback on the efficacy and dosage of a Histotripsy transducer. The changes in the gel phantom can be visualized with the naked eye without having to wait for histology. The changes in the gel phantom can also be visualized with a camera, with ultrasound imaging, or with microscopy. In various embodiments, the phantom includes indicators such as carbon particles, dye-encapsulated beads, and red blood cells. Methods associated with use of the cavitational ultrasound gel phantom and testing system are also covered.

Abstract: A trunk skeleton of a human body dummy includes a spine portion, the spine portion including a plurality of vertebra portions made of metal-based materials or synthetic resin-based materials, a plurality of intervertebral buffer portions disposed between the vertebra portions, the intervertebral buffer portions being made of synthetic resin-based materials, and a bone-coupling portion coupling the vertebra portions in a displaceable manner, the bone-coupling portion including a metal-based rod-shaped member; and a thorax portion, the thorax portion including a plurality of costa portions having first ends coupled to the respective vertebra portions of the spine portion, thus forming respective pairs for the vertebra portions, the costa portions being made of synthetic resin-based materials, and a sternum body coupled to second ends of the costa portions, the sternum body being made of a synthetic resin-based material.

Abstract: Methods, devices, and storage media provide for receiving a selection of parameters pertaining to an animal; receiving a selection of parameters pertaining to an animal interaction with a cable; simulating the animal interaction based on the selection of parameters pertaining to the animal and the animal interaction; collecting test data during the simulating; and storing the test data.

Abstract: An anthropomorphic phantom for medical imaging systems is disclosed, which is configured with organ models designed to mimic the three-dimensional shape of human organs, and also by the arrangement of plate-like first connecting elements inside their corresponding organ models, lesion phantoms for simulating tumors can be fixedly secured inside the corresponding organ model using a plurality of first connection holes formed on the first connecting element. Therefore, by the distribution of those first connection holes, not only the lesion phantoms can be arranged at any position inside the corresponding organ model at will as required, but also by modularized design of the anthropomorphic phantom, organ models can first be assembled to form a module structure while the whole module structure with the organ model can be moved into and assembled easily with a torso-like humanoid housing of the anthropomorphic phantom by the use of a handle element.

Abstract: A lesion phantom is disclosed, which is a spherical ball having a cavity formed therein for housing contrast agents or medicines, and is adapted for the quantitative evaluation of a medical image in drug development and evaluation. In an embodiment, the cavity of the lesion phantom is coupled to a tapering ring and is adapted to be sealed by a silicon plug, by that contrast agents or medicines can be fed into the cavity easily and conveniently without causing any problem, such as overflowing, bubble residue problem, radioactive contamination, etc. Moreover, by the arrangement of a retractable fixing bar, the positioning of the lesion phantom can be adjusted flexibly at will, and also by the tapering of the tapering ring, the lesion phantom can be prevented from being damaged by any extreme, sudden, unjust, or improper force exerted, and thus the lifespan of the lesion phantom can be prolonged.

Abstract: A method and apparatus to simulate a flow of products from a real fire without reproducing a thermal environment associated with the real fire includes the release of a gas or a mixture of gases with an appropriate density less than air to simulate smoke movement from real fire sources. The buoyant inert gas may be helium. In some embodiments, the buoyant gas is combined with artificial smoke, such as a tracer gas or an inert dye (e.g., a particulate) to provide a visual representation of the location and flow characteristics of the surrogate smoke that is released from a release apparatus. In another embodiment, optical techniques that show differences in gas density are used to visualize the movement of the buoyant gas. The release apparatus includes a control system that follows a prescribed time-dependent flow rate to simulate different fire source configurations and growth rates.

Abstract: A pelvis assembly for a crash test dummy includes a pair of pelvic bone members, the pelvic bone members being a right pelvic bone member and a left pelvic bone member both made of a thermoset plastic material.

Abstract: A rib cage assembly for a crash test dummy includes a rib cage member made of a plastic material.

Abstract: Various embodiments of an adjustable simulator apparatus for testing vehicle components are disclosed herein. The apparatus can be used to test linearly translatable components, such as transmission or brake components, without connecting them to every cooperating component as they would be in a vehicle. In one embodiment, an adjustable simulator apparatus includes a housing having a bore along a generally longitudinal axis and a first retainer and a second retainer disposed in the housing and spaced apart from one another. At least one of the first and the second retainer is adjustable in its position and a compressible member is disposed between the retainers. The apparatus further includes a piston translatable within the bore and a mechanical stop disposed at least partially within the bore of the housing and extends through the second end of the compressible member.

Abstract: A nasal irrigation device communicates an irrigant to a device user and comprises a mechanics module and a reservoir assembly wherein a source of saline comprising a cartridge is disposed within the mechanics module adjacent a lid assembly for piercing the cartridge upon closing of a lid for releasing the cartridge contents into the reservoir assembly. A faux collapsible cartridge for testing operability of a nasal irrigation device comprises a housing including a shaft, a spring biased rod extending from the housing shaft, and a flange depending from a housing wall whereby the rod and flange are disposed to actuate a trigger assembly of the nasal irrigation device.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods for evaluating medical device performance are provided. A corresponding method may include deploying an implantable medical device into an apparatus for evaluating performance of an implantable medical device. The apparatus may include a support structure and simulated tissue operatively associated with the support structure. The method may further include manipulating the support structure and/or the simulated tissue to simulate physiological forces on the implantable device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for assessing the disintegration of a dosage form in the gastrointestinal tract, comprising a wall surrounding a cell for being filled with a fluid and for receiving the dosage form, further comprising a pressurizable compartment arranged exterior to the wall for repeatedly deforming the wall between a first state and a second state wherein the volume of the cell in the first state is larger than in the second state, wherein the device also comprises controlling means for quantitatively controlling a fluid flow from and into the cell, and/or for quantitatively controlling a contact force that the wall exerts on the dosage form.

Abstract: A tracking system is provided for tracking objects. A first and a second trackable member each have an inertial sensor unit producing at least orientation-based data. A processing unit receives the orientation-based data from the trackable members. The processing unit has an orientation calculator calculating an orientation of the second trackable member with respect to the first trackable member from the orientation-based data of the trackable members, whereby the processing unit calculates an orientation of the objects. A method for tracking objects is also provided.

Abstract: A dummy for testing whether sizes of receiving spaces for receiving electrical elements in an enclosure are suitable or not. The dummy includes a frame and a handle attached to the frame. The frame includes a bottom wall. A number of wheels are rotatably attached to opposite ends of the bottom wall. Thereby, the frame is slidably received in the enclosure. A width and a height of the frame are respectively equal to minimum values of a width and height of one of the receiving spaces.

Abstract: A technique is provided for diagnosing deficiencies in a material handling system having a track and a material support member adapted to travel on the track. A diagnostic device travels with the material support member and includes one or more sensors that measure one or more parameters of the material support member. Such parameters may include an amount of force exerted laterally against one or more restraining members or the accelerations of the material support member. The material handling system may include a plurality of slats connected in an endless web that defines a conveying surface upon which articles are transported.

Abstract: The invention relates to a monitoring system for monitoring CPR performance and a reference unit for use in the system. The system comprises a measuring unit for positioning on the chest of a patient or manikin monitoring the movements applied to the chest, wherein the system also comprises a reference unit, the reference unit comprising sensors for measuring the movements thereof, wherein said units comprises means for wireless communication, one of the units comprising a signal analyzing means and a signal receiver coupled thereto for receiving said wireless communication, and the other unit comprising a signal transmitter for transmitting the measured signals to the signal receiver.

Abstract: A device for three-dimensional representation of horsebacks through measurement points, comprising: plural vertically telescoping and column shaped segments which are connected with a frame and which include flexible transversal elements at their upper end which flexible transversal elements are bent like an umbrella and have flexible curvatures, wherein the vertical segments are configured to be variably offset from one another in the frame and configured fixable in a temporary manner and the curvature of the transversal elements that are bent in the shape of an umbrella is adjustable and fixable in a temporary manner, wherein the transversal elements include measuring points which are configured variably arrangeable in a vertical plane through devices for adjusting the curvature of the transversal elements, and wherein the measuring points of the transversal elements are arranged in the surface of the three-dimensional contour of the horseback.

Abstract: An ankle assembly for a crash test dummy includes an ankle clevis assembly for attachment to a leg assembly of the crash test dummy, an ankle base assembly for attachment to a foot assembly of the crash test dummy and cooperating with the ankle clevis assembly, a fastener to connect the clevis assembly and the ankle base assembly together to allow proper ankle positions for different ankles and also allow friction adjustment to simulate human bracing in impact conditions, and a plurality of elastomeric elements disposed between the clevis assembly and the ankle base assembly that allow proper inversion and eversion performance of the ankle assembly.

Abstract: Systems and methods for evaluating medication delivery from valved holding chambers (VHCs) with a facemask using a model face of a child or a model face of an infant are disclosed. Generally, the model face includes a base, an elastomer cast, an air pocket, and a mouth opening. The elastomer cast is positioned on at least a portion of a top of the base. The elastomer simulates soft tissues in a face and defines at least a nose, a chin, and a mouth sized to simulate a nose, a chin, and a mouth of a child. The air pocket is positioned between the base and the elastomer case below at least the nose, the chin, and the mouth of the elastomer cast. The mouth opening defines a passageway through the base, the air pocket, and the mouth of the elastomer cast.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compensation method for structural deformation occurring during construction of a super tall building, which includes the steps of: selecting horizontal and vertical members predicted to require compensation for horizontal and vertical deformation amounts; calculating deformation amounts based on the casting time of structural concrete for the selected horizontal or vertical members; determining compensation amounts based on the casting time of structural concrete for the selected horizontal or vertical members; calculating deformation amounts of the selected horizontal or vertical members up to and subsequent to the non-structural construction processes; determining compensation amounts by process of the selected horizontal or vertical members; and constructing the selected horizontal or vertical members by floors.

Abstract: A system that generates a dynamic seating body pressure distribution data includes a seat and a stimulus applying mechanism that is adapted to apply a stimulus to the seat. A human biofidelic manikin is provided on the seat. A seat pressure distribution sensor array is responsive to the human biofidelic manikin for generating a dynamic seating body pressure distribution data when the stimulus applying mechanism applies a stimulus to the seat.

Abstract: The present invention's physical scale model (PSM) of a full-scale ship and associated degaussing system is typically embodied to include: an electrically wired, open, box-shaped framework; electronic structural modules; non-modular structural components; and, non-modular electronic components. Each edge-segment has alternating elevations and depressions for “tongue-in-groove” attachment thereto of modules and non-modular structural components, which are complimentarily raised and recessed and include selected quantities of ferromagnetic and electrically conductive material. Each module includes a ferromagnetic, electrically conductive, dimensionally scaled skin on the circuitous surface of a printed wiring board (PWB). The ferromagnetic and electrically conductive attributes of modules and non-modular structural components serve to simulate electromagnetic effects of corresponding areas (e.g., hull sections, decks, bulkheads, etc.) of the full-scale ship.

Abstract: A system tracks an object in computer-assisted surgery. The system comprises a sensor unit secured to the femur. Gyroscopes on the sensor unit produce readings related to orientation data about three axes of rotation. A tracking unit receives the gyroscope readings. An axis calibrator on the tracking unit comprises a calculator for adding at least part of the gyroscope readings for specific movements of the object about a desired axis. An axis normalizer on the tracking unit determines an orientation of the desired axis with respect to the sensor unit from the added gyroscope readings. A tracking processor tracks the desired axis from the gyroscope readings. An interface displays orientation data for the object from a tracking of the desired axis. A method for tracking an object with a gyroscope sensor unit is also provided.