Abstract: The invention concerns a motor vehicle differential comprising a case including perforations; differential pinion shafts, each differential pinion shaft having an end accommodated by a perforation; and a cap; wherein the differential pinion shafts are locked in translation relative to the differential case by the cap, the cap being mounted on at least the part of the differential case traversed by the shafts so as to cover at least partially the perforations.

Abstract: An improved differential carrier and pilot web for a vehicle comprises a carrier and a separate pilot web. The pilot web is attached to the carrier by at least two bolts. At least two bolts are each covered by a bushing. The carrier and the pilot web each preferably comprise counter bored holes to receive and support the bolt and bushing. The carrier and the pilot web each also have a mating stop surface, which are precision machined to be a minimal distance from one another.

Abstract: An axle assembly that includes a differential casing, which is rotatable about an axis, a pair of side gears that are disposed within the differential casing, a spacer and a cross pin. The spacer is disposed between the side gears. The cross pin is fixed to the differential casing and extends through the spacer. The cross pin is employed to limit end play of the axle shafts in a direction toward one another. The aperture in the spacer that receives the cross pin is relatively larger than the cross pin so that the spacer can control end play of the side gears independently of the cross pin.

Abstract: A drive axle assembly for motor vehicles, includes a support beam member having a substantially flat, enlarged central plate section and two opposite arm sections, a differential assembly module secured to the central plate section and enclosed into a housing formed by a rear cover and a front cover secured to opposite surfaces of the central plate section. A method for assembling the drive axle assembly comprises the steps of securing the front cover to a front mounting surface of the support beam member, fastening the differential assembly module to the central plate section of the support beam member, and fastening the rear cover to the rear mounting surface of the support beam member.

Abstract: An axle assembly includes a carrier housing having a deflector, a differential assembly, and an input shaft. The carrier housing has a main body and a pinion nose extending from the main body. The pinion shaft and the differential assembly are each rotatably supported by the carrier housing in driving engagement with one another. The pinion shaft extends through an aperture in the pinion nose. The deflector extends across at least a portion of an outer surface of the pinion nose to redirect contaminants from entering the carrier housing.

Abstract: An axle housing support structure may readily assemble and support an axle housing to a base frame. In the axle housing support structure, the axle housing composed of a differential housing with a body and a pair of axle tubes mounted on right and left sides of the differential housing for receiving a front axle is supported by fixing axle brackets fitted to the axle tubes, respectively, to the base frame. The axle bracket is fastened by using a repulsive force receiving bolt to a repulsive force receiving portion formed integrally with the body of the differential housing.

Abstract: A motor vehicle axle assembly includes a hollow cylindrical, internally-splined input shaft that is adapted to be connected to an externally-splined shaft of an end fitting of a driveshaft assembly. By using the mass centerline or center of balance of the end fitting shaft as a common center of balance for a balanced driveshaft assembly and further as a locating centerline for the connection between the input shaft of the axle assembly and the shaft of the rear end fitting of the driveshaft assembly, eccentricities in the connection between the input shaft and the end fitting are minimized to reduce noise and vibration. This also provides an adequate seal between the input shaft and the carrier of the axle assembly to retain lubricant in the carrier.

Abstract: A transaxle assembly having at least two transaxle housings for a zero turn or similar vehicle, where both housings mount separate hydrostatic transmissions. A mounting plate is provided to secure to both of the housings to mount the housings to a vehicle frame and if required to seal openings formed in the bottom of both of the housings. The connection plate may include tabs or other structure to secure it to the vehicle frame to increase the ease of assembly of the transaxle unit in the vehicle.

Abstract: A differential assembly that includes a differential casing, which is rotatable about an axis, and a pair of side gears that are disposed within the differential casing. First, second, third and fourth pairs of pinion bores are formed in the differential casing and pairs of pinion gears are slidably and rotatably disposed in a respective pair of the pinion bores. A window opening is formed in the differential casing between the first and fourth pair of pinion gears. The second pair of pinion bores are radially offset an equivalent distance from the first and third pair of pinion bores. The differential assembly incorporates a cross pin configured to limit inward movement of a pair of axle shafts and a spacer that limits inward movement of the side gears.

Abstract: A planetary differential including a differential case rotatable about an axis and a method of manufacturing thereof. The differential case includes a cover, a housing, an annulus gear, and a ring gear. The differential case defines a differential cavity having a clutch cavity and a planet cavity separated by a retainer plate coupled to the housing. The modular nature of this system allows both open and torque biasing constructions in the same packaging space. The method of manufacturing the differential includes the steps of coupling a retainer plate to the housing between the clutch cavity and the axial opening, placing a planetary gear set in the planetary cavity, and fixing the housing to the annulus gear and ring gear.

Abstract: A hydrostatic transmission mountable to a vehicle frame. The hydrostatic transmission is adapted to removeably receive an axle shaft. The hydrostatic transmission is also adapted to be mounted to at least one of two opposed side members of the vehicle frame. The opposed side members have openings through which the axel shaft passes. The vehicle may be a snow thrower.

Abstract: A method of forming a torque tube (64) is provided. The method includes forming a fitting (80) having an elongated tube conforming area (88). The conforming area (88) includes chamfer areas (82) having upper surfaces (90), lower surfaces (92), and chamfer surfaces (94) that transition between the upper surfaces (90) and the lower surfaces (92) and have chamfer angles (96) of approximately 20 relative to the lower surfaces (92). An elongated tube (86) is procured and an end portion (106) of the elongated tube (86) is formed onto the conforming area (88) to form a torque-transmitting coupling (84). The torque tube (64) is also provided and formed according to the above-stated method.

Abstract: An electric machining tool includes a plurality of functional components in separate housings (1, 2, 3), whereby the individual housings (1, 2, 3) are coupled to one another and axially aligned. A mounting (5) is provided having a spring-elastic belt (6) that surrounds at least partially coaxially an exterior of one of the housings (1, 2, 3). The belt (6) has a plurality of branching gripping arms (7-12) extending in an axial direction, and the ends (13-18) of the gripping arms are engageable in one or more of the housings (1, 3) adjacent to the housing about which the belt (6) extends. The mounting (5) secures the housings (1, 2, 3) against an opposite movement in the axial direction and rotational movement.

Abstract: An axle system includes an axle lubrication level within an axle housing which is lower than a wheel end lubrication level within the wheel end assemblies. An opening through the wheel end assembly housing provides a fluid communication path between the wheel end assembly and the axle housing. A differential assembly rotates adjacent an opening such that lubrication at the wheel end lubrication level is rotated into the opening. The lubricant within the wheel end assemblies is maintained at the wheel end lubrication level. The shaft enters the wheel end assembly housing through a shaft opening which provides a communication path for the lubricant from the wheel end assembly back into the axle housing.

Abstract: The invention concerns an axle (1) comprising a differential (6), two transmission lines (8) from the differential and adapted each to drive a drive wheel (2), members (4) for directional control of the drive wheels (2), each transmission line (8) including an input shaft (10) connected to the differential (6), an output shaft (12) connected to the corresponding drive wheel (2), a pivot (20) with axis oriented transversely to each of the input (10) and output (12) shafts, and a double torque transmitting joint (30) between the input shaft (10) and the output shaft (12). Said double-joint comprises two elementary joints (30A, 30B) axially connected to each other along a double-joint axis and including each an elementary break center. Each shaft (10, 12) defines a fixed position, along its axis (X-X, Y-Y), of the elementary break center of the corresponding joint (30A, 30B). Additionally, one at least of the two elementary joints (30A, 30B) is a joint freely sliding along the double-joint axis.

Abstract: A vehicular drive shaft assembly is balanced about an axis of rotation. The vehicular drive shaft assembly includes a drive shaft tube having a first end and a second end, with a first tube yoke including a first radially outer wall fixedly mounted to the first end of the drive shaft tube. A first balance pendulum is located radially inward of the first outer wall and rotationally fixable relative to the first tube yoke, and a second balance pendulum is located radially inward of the first outer wall and is also rotationally fixable relative to the first tube yoke. The balance pendulums can be rotated before being locked in place in order to account for imbalances in the drive shaft assembly. A second tube yoke fixedly mounted to the second end of the drive shaft tube may also include balance pendulums, similar to the first, in order to provide additional drive shaft assembly balancing capabilities.

Abstract: A differential carrier, adapted to rotatably support a differential assembly and a final drive assembly, includes an integrally formed cage-type differential carrier frame member comprising a pair of axially spaced pinion support members for rotatably supporting a pinion drive shaft, a pair of laterally spaced opposite differential support members for rotatably supporting a differential case, at least one first arm member interconnecting the pinion support members, and at least two second arm members each interconnecting at least one of the pinion support members with one of the differential support members to thereby define a cage-type space frame of the differential carrier. The differential carrier frame member further comprises a continuous flange member integrally secured to the differential support members and defining a rear access opening in the differential carrier, and a mounting member for mounting the differential carrier to a vehicle sprung mass.

Abstract: A combination wheel retainer and axle shaft cover. The combination wheel retainer and axle shaft cover includes a retaining ring portion sized and arranged to mate with an axle shaft, a cover portion sized and arranged to generally overlay an end of the axle shaft, and a joining portion for connecting the retaining ring portion to the cover portion.

Abstract: A breather system includes a by-pass having an internal wall to collect lubricant while air flows upward out of a first outlet. Lubricant which has separated from lubricant laden air flows downward through a second outlet and into a conduit under the force of gravity and reenters the housing through a return opening. Another breather system includes a second conduit pressurized by a pump to creates a pressure vacuum within the conduit to forcefully draw lubricant through the conduit from the by-pass.

Abstract: An axle assembly includes an upper and lower housing joined to form a chamber for a differential gear assembly. The upper and lower housings are fabricated by a method including the steps of forming the upper housing from a first sheet of material and forming the lower housing from a second sheet of material. The upper housing includes an opening for the differential gear assembly and the lower housing includes a bowl portion disposed opposite the opening. The upper and lower housings are joined by a weld to from the axle housing. The lower housing includes leg portions that form a single unified structure with the bowl portion to improve structural rigidity and simplify assembly.

Abstract: Actuating system comprising an actuator with a torque-transmission element for a movable element, in particular a swing-action panel in a motor vehicle, the movable element being mounted pivotably in a basic hinge element. The actuating system has a torque support arranged functionally between the basic hinge element and the actuator, at least one key profile being made in the torque support, so that it is possible to bring about axial plug-connection assembly with the basic hinge element.

Abstract: An axle housing cover is provided including a generally dome-shaped portion having a first thickness with the dome-shaped portion terminating in a perimeter edge. The perimeter edge has a second thickness greater than the first thickness with the perimeter edge providing a weld surface. Preferably, the second thickness is sufficiently thicker than the first thickness to provide adequate size and strength for the weld. The second thickness provides a weld height greater than the first thickness. Since the dome-shaped portion has a reduced thickness, reinforcing ribs may be formed in the dome-shaped portion to provide increased structural integrity. The cover may include a flange extending radially from the cover, which provides the weld surface that is then welded to the axle housing.

Abstract: An axle housing for a vehicle is provided. The axle housing is made up of two or more subhousings, and a differential is mounted to at least one of the subhousings. A single bearing substantially supports the weight of the differential and allows the differential to rotate within, and with respect to, the axle housing.

Abstract: A rigid drive axle assembly for motor vehicles, includes a support beam member having a substantially flat, enlarged central section and two opposite arm sections axially outwardly extending from the central section, a differential assembly secured to the flat central section of the support beam member, and two opposite axle shaft members outwardly extending from the differential assembly and rotatably supported by the arm sections in a spaced relationship with respect to the central section of the support beam member. The differential assembly includes a differential carrier frame member fastened to the central section of the support beam member, and provided for rotatably supporting a differential case and a drive pinion. The differential assembly is enclosed into a housing formed by a rear cover and a front cover secured to opposite surfaces of the central section of the support beam member. The rear cover incorporates two throughholes provided with self-centering seals.

Abstract: A vent tube for hollow axles of heavy-duty vehicles such as semi-trailers releases built-up air pressure from the wheel hub and axle while preventing ingress of contaminants into the axle and hub. The vent tube includes a tubular portion preformed from a flexible material into a generally coiled configuration. The tubular portion is biased to the coiled state so that when stretched about the axle and released, it firmly grips the axle without the need for fasteners. One end of the tubular portion includes a fitting for plumbing into the axle and the opposite end includes a one-way check valve such as a duck bill. The vent tube is disposed in a protected location within the hollow beam of the vehicle suspension assembly, and on a relatively stress-free location of the axle within a window of an axle sleeve.

Abstract: A venting or pressure release system releases pressure from a transmission housing through which extends a transmission shaft. A lower part of the transmission housing forms a collector in which fluid collect. A conduit communicates the collector with a storage container which is substantially sealed against the transmission housing. An overpressure in the transmission housing forces fluid from the collector through the conduit into the storage container. A pressure-release conduit communicates the transmission housing above the collector to the storage container. A shutoff device closes the pressure-release conduit when the transmission shaft is rotating and opens the pressure-release conduit when the transmission shaft is not rotating. This makes possible a rapid compensation of fluid after the transmission has been turned off so that the fluid level can be reliably determined. The shutoff device may be a pilot-controlled valve or a fluid barrier.

Abstract: A differential housing assembly includes a differential housing having a differential case supported therein. The differential housing includes a first support structure and a second support structure. The differential case includes a pair of extending neck portions. The first support structure includes a pedestal and a bearing cap, wherein a first of the extending neck portions is received by the pedestal and the bearing cap is attached to the pedestal whereby the first extending neck portion is secured radially between the pedestal and the bearing cap. The second support structure includes a bearing bore having a snap ring groove and a snap ring, wherein a second of the neck portions is received within the bearing bore and the snap ring is positioned within the snap ring groove to provide axial support for the differential case within the differential housing.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an axle tube housing for a differential assembly includes heating a localized area of a one-piece tubular blank. A mandrel is inserted within the tubular blank and the localized area is then deformed to provide an increased wall thickness. A compression force is applied to the localized area of the one-piece tubular blank using a forging die to form a spindle section, wherein the spindle section closely conforms to at least one of the forging die and the mandrel. The remaining portion of the one-piece tubular blank is then cold reduced to form a carrier section.

Abstract: A compact differential assembly includes a differential case defining a cavity, a set of pinion mate gears rotatably mounted within the cavity in a free-floating manner, and a pair of opposite side gears drivingly engaging the differential pinion mate gears for allowing differential rotation between the side gears. Each of the side gears is integrally formed at an inward end of a corresponding axle shaft within an outside diameter thereof as a unitary single-piece part.

Abstract: An electrical plug-in connection for an automatic transmission of a motor vehicle, consisting of a socket (6, 16) and a plug part engaging therein, for transmitting signals required for control of an electrohydraulic control device (10, 20) with the signals received from a signal source situated outside the transmission. The socket (6, 16) is inserted in the oil pan (1, 11) of the transmission and an electrical contact, via a connection (8, 18), automatically results when the oil pan (1, 11) and the transmission housing are assembly and an automatic electric disconnection results when they are disassembled from one another.

Abstract: A transfer case housing includes a single-piece casing forming an interior compartment provided with an access opening for assembling components of the transfer case, and a casing cover member for closing the access opening. The casing is manufactured as a single-piece casting wherein bearing bores could be machined into the unitary single-piece casing. The interior compartment is adapted to house an appropriate torque transfer mechanism, such as constant four-wheel-drive, or “on-demand” four-wheel-drive, providing rear or front wheel drive (two-wheel-drive mode), or four wheel drive (four-wheel-drive mode), controlled automatically or manually by a vehicle operator.

Abstract: A hydrostatic transmission mountable to a vehicle frame. The hydrostatic transmission is adapted to removeably receive an axle shaft. The hydrostatic transmission is also adapted to be mounted to at least one of two opposed side members of the vehicle frame. The opposed side members have openings though which the axle shaft passes. The vehicle may be a snow thrower.

Abstract: A transaxle assembly having at least two transaxle housings for a zero turn or similar vehicle, where both housings mount separate hydrostatic transmissions. A mounting plate is provided to secure to the bottom of both of the housings to mount the housings to a vehicle frame and if required to seal openings formed in the bottom of both of the housings. The connection plate may include tabs or other structure to secure it to the vehicle frame to increase the ease of assembly of the transaxle unit in the vehicle.

Abstract: A transmission mounted in a housing and including a hydrostatic pump and motor mounted on a center section, having a motor shaft engaged to and driven by the hydraulic motor. An axle may also be mounted in the housing. The center section is secured to the housing using a plurality of bolts or other fasteners having a longitudinal axis parallel to the motor shaft and for the axle.

Abstract: A gear drive system including a housing having a cavity and first and second opposed, axially aligned output shafts, the first and second output shafts having first and second gears, respectively, mounted thereon. At least one of the first and second output shafts has a predefined range of travel in the longitudinal direction of the first and second output shafts. A gear assembly is in operative engagement with the first and second gears. A spacer is positioned between the housing and one of the first and second gears. The spacer is configured to preclude movement of the at least one of the first and second output shafts through at least substantially all the predefined range of travel. A cover covering the cavity retains the spacer in position between the housing and the one of the first and second gears.

Abstract: A rigid drive axle assembly for motor vehicles, includes a support beam member having a substantially flat, enlarged central section and two opposite arm sections axially outwardly extending from the central section, a differential assembly secured to the flat central section of the support beam member, and two opposite axle shaft members outwardly extending from the differential assembly and rotatably supported by the arm sections in a spaced relationship with respect to the central section of the support beam member. The differential assembly includes a differential carrier frame member fastened to the central section of the support beam member, and provided for rotatably supporting a differential case and a drive pinion. The differential assembly is enclosed into a housing formed by a rear cover and a front cover secured to opposite surfaces of the central section of the support beam member. The rear cover incorporates two throughholes provided with self-centering seals.

Abstract: A housing cannot be made compact by only securing a space corresponding to a reservoir tank at the upper part of the housing, and the space at the upper part of the housing cannot be utilized if the reservoir tank is integrally provided to the upper part of the housing. An axle driving apparatus comprising a tubular reservoir tank erected on the upper surface of the upper wall surface of the housing for accommodating an HST, wherein, since the reservoir tank is thinly elongated and is freely bendable, it can be disposed in a limited space. The housing is divided into a first room and a second room with which the reservoir tank communicates. Further, a first magnet is disposed at a position where the first and second rooms are connected, and a second magnet is disposed in the proximity of an oil filter connected to a closed circuit of the HST so that impurities can be removed.

Abstract: A differential axle assembly including a differential carrier rotably supported on bearings within a differential carrier. Each bearing has a standardized outside diameter, and is held in place in the carrier with a bearing cap. The bearings are secured within the differential carrier in semi cylindrical bearing recesses that are machined independently from the bearing caps. The bearing caps are each formed with a bearing recess substantially equal in size to the machined bearing recess in the differential carrier. The bearing caps are formed to a finished size prior to installation on the differential carrier. The finished dimensions of the bearing cap are of a predetermined standard size to allow placement of the bearing cap indifferent to orientation on the differential carrier.

Abstract: An output shaft structure enabling easy and secure positioning of an output shaft for a shaft driven vehicle having an internal combustion engine. The output shaft structure provides first and second cases which mutually connect on a face perpendicular to a crankshaft and form a crankcase, a case cover attached to the outside of the first case and the output shaft arranged in the crankcases and supported by a first bearing provided to the case cover and a second bearing provided to the first case. Also provided is an input gear for the output shaft arranged so that it touches the outside face of the second bearing. Further, the output shaft is provided with a first large diameter part positioned by touching the inside face of the first bearing, and a second large diameter part positioned by touching the outside face of the input gear.

Abstract: An all terrain vehicle includes a frame assembly and a rear arm that is pivotally attached to the frame assembly. A rear arm bracket is secured to the frame assembly. A pivot axis is defined through a portion of the rear arm bracket. The pivot axis is disposed rearward of the portion of the frame assembly to which the rear arm bracket is attached. The rear arm is connected to the rear arm bracket such that the width of the rear arm at its connection to the frame assembly is at least as large as the width of the frame assembly at that location.

Abstract: An axle assembly having a carrier housing, an axle housing and a differential assembly and a cover assembly. The carrier housing has an access aperture for receiving the differential assembly. The axle housing is fixedly coupled to the carrier housing and is in fluid connection therewith. The cover assembly closes the access aperture and includes a venting device for venting the carrier housing and the axle housing.

Abstract: A drive axle assembly is provided that includes an axle housing that supports axle shafts. The axle housing also typically includes a bearing cage secured to the main axle housing portion for supporting a drive shaft that is arranged transverse to the axle shafts. A differential is arranged within the axle housing and couples the driven shafts to the axle shafts. A bearing assembly supports the driven shaft within the bearing cage. A seal is arranged between the driven shaft and the bearing cage, preferably between the cone and the bearing cage. The seal is adjacent to the bearing assembly and separates the axle housing into first and second cavities in which the bearing assembly is arranged in the first cavity and the differential is arranged in the second cavity. Lubricant containing a GL5 or similar additive may be placed in the second cavity to lubricate the differential.

Abstract: A transmission mounted in a housing and including a hydrostatic pump and motor mounted on a center section, having a motor shaft engaged to and driven by the hydraulic motor. An axle may also be mounted in the housing. The center section is secured to the housing using a plurality of bolts or other fasteners having a longitudinal axis parallel to the motor shaft and for the axle.

Abstract: A mechanical differential assembly having an increased bearing load zone capacity. The mechanical gear assembly maintains a proper load capacity of rollers of the bearings which support a differential gear assembly. The mechanical differential assembly thus maintains alignment of the inner and outer races of the bearings regardless of an axial force placed on the bearings, any loads placed on the differential gear assembly or the like during driving condition. The mechanical differential assembly includes a differential gear assembly supported on a first end by a cylindrical bearing and supported on the second end by a pair of tapered bearings.

Abstract: A vent tube for hollow axles of heavy-duty vehicles such as semi-trailers releases built-up air pressure from the wheel hub and axle while preventing ingress of contaminants into the axle and hub. The vent tube includes a tubular portion preformed from a flexible material into a generally coiled configuration. The tubular portion is biased to the coiled state so that when stretched about the axle and released, it firmly grips the axle without the need for fasteners. One end of the tubular portion includes a fitting for plumbing into the axle and the opposite end includes a one-way check valve such as a duck bill. The vent tube is disposed in a protected location within the hollow beam of the vehicle suspension assembly, and on a relatively stress-free location of the axle within a window of an axle sleeve.

Abstract: A thrust washer structure includes a non-rotating washer which bears against the transmission housing. A rotating outer washer is positioned over the axle and includes a tab projecting at a right angle from a portion of the washer face such that the tab engages an existing keyway in the wheel hub or bushing utilized to transmit drive from the axle to the drive wheel.

Abstract: An axle housing cover is provided including a generally dome-shaped portion having a first thickness with the dome-shaped portion terminating in a perimeter edge. The perimeter edge has a second thickness greater than the first thickness with the perimeter edge providing a weld surface. Preferably, the second thickness is approximately twice that of the first thickness. Since the dome-shaped portion has a reduced thickness, reinforcing ribs may be formed in the dome-shaped portion to provide increased structural integrity. The cover may include a flange extending radially from the cover, which provides the weld surface that is then welded to the axle housing. The axle housing cover may be formed by a stamping or a hydroforming process.

Abstract: The device for adjusting an endplay of an axle shaft in a differential assembly includes an axle shaft supported in a differential case for rotation about a longitudinal axis, and an endplay adjustment member threadedly mounted on a terminal shoulder provided at an inboard end of the axle shaft. The axle shaft has external splines adapted to mate with internal splines of a differential side gear and an annular groove located adjacent to the terminal shoulder. The annular groove receives a retainer ring provided to limit an axial displacement of the axle shaft in an outboard direction. The endplay adjustment member is selectively positionable on the terminal shoulder along the axial direction of the axle shaft to variably limit an axial movement of the retainer ring within the annular groove, thus adjusting the axle shaft endplay.

Abstract: A method of welding an axle housing surface to a blank surface includes generated heat in one of the two components. Heat is generated from at least one of these surfaces at their interface sufficient to weld them together. The surfaces are then applied together.

Abstract: A mechanical transmission for agricultural vehicles of adjustable track width has gear cases disposed vertically to elevate a chassis height of the machine above a plantation, rear axles provided for wheels of the machine and mounted to the gear cases, first gears and second gears located in the gear cases and coupling the axles and also being interconnected with one another, a differential to which torque is transmitted from the axles through the second gears which are upper gears, a cross tube, the gear cases having substantially first horizontal extensions which are fitted on the cross tube so as to allow sliding outwards or inwards of the extensions in order to modify a machine track width, the differential having two second extensions, grooved shafts which are fixedly connected to the second gears, first tube bushings which are connected with the gear cases and in which the grooved shafts are fitted, second bushings having internal grooves and surrounding the grooved shafts, tubes which are fixed to the