Abstract: Disclosed are cellulose-based flexible gels containing cellulose nanorods, ribbons, fibers, and the like, and cellulose-enabled inorganic or polymeric composites, wherein the gels have tunable optical, heat transfer, and stiffness properties. The disclosed gels are in the form of hydrogels, organogels, liquid-crystal (LC) gels, and aerogels, depending on the solvents in the gels.

Abstract: The present application discloses a method of manufacturing a fabric. The method comprises warping a yarn; sizing the yarn with a strengthening agent; weaving the yarn; greying the yarn to form a prototype of the fabric; desizing the strengthening agent; adding a quick-drying agent on the prototype; and drying the prototype to form the fabric. In addition, before or after adding a quick-drying agent on the prototype, the method further comprises adding an anti-bacterial agent or an anti-ultraviolet agent on the prototype.

Abstract: A printing jig system that includes a maintaining jig able to maintain an article for a first processing step and that is also used to maintain and align the article for a subsequent printing process step. In order to effectively be used for a first processing step and a second printing process step, a support portion supports the article in locations otherwise left unsupported by a processing aperture of the maintaining jig. The processing aperture is configured to facilitate the first processing step, such as steaming of the article. The print support portion is configured to extend through the processing aperture of the maintaining jig The maintaining jig and the print support portion are aligned and maintained relative to each other and a printing machine by a base plate adapted to removeably secure and align the maintaining jig and the print support portion.

Abstract: Detergent compositions comprising a color transfer inhibitor and optionally surfactant(s), the color transfer inhibitor comprising one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of triazine derivatives corresponding to general formulae I and II: T(NH—Ar(CO2M)a)bHalc??(I) X—NH—CH2CH2—(NY—CH2CH2—)nNH—X??(II) wherein T represents a 1,3,5-triazinyl group; Ar represents a phenyl group; each M independently represents a substituent selected from the group consisting of H, Na, Li, and K; each Hal independently represents a halogen selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, and I; each a independently represents 1, 2 or 3; b and c each represent 1 or 2 wherein b+c=3; each X represents a T(NH—Ar(CO2M)a)bHalc?1 group; each Y independently represents H or X; and n represents a number of 0 to 50, and uses therefor in washing and treating dyed and/or undyed textiles.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluorescent whitening agent comprising a mixture of two symmetrically and one asymmetrically substituted triazinylaminostilbene disulphonic acids, certain novel derivatives, a process for their preparations and use of the mixture for whitening synthetic or natural organic materials, especially paper and for the fluorescent whitening and improvement of sun protection factors of textile materials.

Abstract: A process for treating a textile fabric to impart or enhance at least one property of the fabric comprising: introducing the fabric into an aqueous formaldehyde containing solution to provide a wet pickup of an effective amount of the solution by the fabric, applying to the fabric an effective amount of a catalyst for catalyzing a reaction between formaldehyde and the fabric; thereafter exposing the wet fabric to a temperature of at least about 300° F. to react the formaldehyde with the fabric to impart or enhance the property of the fabric before there is a substantial loss of formaldehyde from the exposed fabric.

Abstract: A process for treating a textile fabric to impart or enhance at least one property of the fabric comprising: introducing the fabric into an aqueous formaldehyde containing solution to provide a wet pickup of an effective amount of the solution by the fabric, applying to the fabric an effective amount of a catalyst for catalyzing a reaction between formaldehyde and the fabric; thereafter exposing the wet fabric to a temperature of at least about 300° F. to react the formaldehyde with the fabric to impart or enhance the property of the fabric before there is a substantial loss of formaldehyde from the exposed fabric.

Abstract: Fabrics containing rayon fibers may exhibit, after the fabric has been aqueous laundered at least one time, changes in dimension in length and in width of less than about 5% each, a durable press value of at least about 2.5, and a water absorbency time of less than about 100 seconds. Fabrics containing rayon fibers may also exhibit, after the fabric has been aqueous laundered at least one time, changes in dimension in length and in width of less than about 8% each, a durable press value of at least about 3.5, and a water absorbency time of less than about 100 second.

Abstract: A durable press process for rayon fiber-containing fabrics comprising treating a rayon fiber-containing fabric with an aqueous mixture containing a high concentration of formaldehyde, and a catalyst capable of catalyzing the crosslinking reaction between formaldehyde and the rayon, wherein the concentration of the formaldehyde is sufficient to produce a durable press fabric without substantially shrinkage of the treated fabric, followed by heat curing the treated fabric to produce a durable press rayon fabric without substantial shrinkage.

Abstract: A paper or board is coated with a composition comprising from 30-95 parts by weight of a synthetic, carboxylated surface size containing at least about 40 mole percent of hydrophobic groups and at least about 25 mole percent of carboxylated groups such as styrene/acrylic acid copolymer, and from 5-70 parts by weight of a substantially hydrophilic polyacrylamide such as a cationic or anionic polyacrylamide.

Abstract: A composition useful in paper and board making comprises a carboxylated surface size containing at least 40 mole percent of hydrophobic groups and at least about 25 mole percent of carboxylated groups such as styrene-(meth)acrylic aicd copolymers or styrene-maleic acid (anhydride or salt) copolymers, a hydrophilic polyacrylamide and a crosslinking agent such as glyoxylated vinylamide polymers, formaldehyde, melamine-formaldehyde condensates and glyoxyl-extended materials.

Abstract: Method for treating fibrous cellulosic materials using an aqueous cationic treating solution containing a cyclic polyhydroxy compound and choline chloride, by which dye uptake of the material, and the environmental effects of the subsequent dyeing process are improved.

Abstract: A process for resin finishing textile containing cellulosic fiber comprises the steps of using a resin finishing agent chiefly containing a cellulose-reactive N-methylol compound having two or more functional groups and a reaction catalyst, mainly reacting only one functional group of the cellulose-reactive N-methylol compound with cellulose, water washing, again imparting reaction catalyst, drying, garment making, and heat treating. The process eliminates the conventional postcuring method drawbacks of loss of color fastness and discoloration owing to dye decomposition and formaldehyde increase by unreacted resin and residual reaction catalyst during long storage before heat treatment, and simultaneously achieves high crease-resistant property, shrink resistance, good feeling, excellent pleating property, and anti-puckering property.

Abstract: The application of a treating solution containing polyhydroxy compound and choline chloride to a fibrous cellulosic material is made more uniform and reproducible by including in the treating solution a colorizing amount of a fugitive tint, by which the uniformity of the application can be observed and corrected by appropriate changes to the operating variables.

Abstract: Crosslinked cellulose fibers having free pendant carboxylic acid groups are disclosed. The fibers include a polycarboxylic acid covalently coupled to the fibers, and are crosslinked with a crosslinking agent having a cure temperature lower than the cure temperature of the polycarboxylic acid. Methods for producing the fibers and for producing a fibrous sheet incorporating the fibers are also disclosed.

Abstract: A composition for increasing the resistance of polyamide fibers or polyester fibers to oxidizing agents comprising an organosiloxane modified with amino groups, melamine formaldehyde resin, a catalyst for complexing the melamine formaldehyde resin and water. The composition is used by applying it to the fibers so the fibers absorb the composition, and then drying and curing the composition on the fibers. The composition is employed to treat a polyester or polyamide felt employed to convey wood pulp which is to be bleached, prior to paper making operations, treatment of the felt with the composition significantly lengthens the useful life of the felt, exposed to bleaching chemicals.

Abstract: A composition for a formaldehyde scavenger is provided which consists of a water-soluble blend of a substituted or unsubstituted polyhydric alcohol and an active methylene compound selected from the group consisting of dialkyl malonate and alkylacetoacetate.

Abstract: Compositions for flame proofing wood e.g. in the form of aqueous solutions containing tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium salt, methylolmelamine with at least 3.5 optionally alkylated hydroxymethyl groups per melamine nucleus, a polyfunctional nitrogen compound with at least 2 N-H groups e.g. urea and a base e.g. triethanolamine.

Abstract: Polyhydroxyalkyl melamine used in the processing of textiles with amino resins to reduce formaldehyde emissions and improve textile "hand".

Abstract: A textile finishing composition comprising (1) a diluent and (2) a durable press resin composition containing (a) an aminoplast resin and (b) an aldehyde. The textile finishing composition is combined with an acid catalyst and applied to textile materials to impart softness, improved wetting properties and durable press properties.The textile finishing composition is applied at lower than normal dry add-on levels to textile materials to provide textile materials having lower levels of formaldehyde.

Abstract: A method for the removal of free formaldehyde from textile fabrics which have been treated with formaldehyde derived resins to make the fabrics crease-resistant is disclosed. The process comprises forming a composition composed of a foaming agent, ethylene urea and an appropriate diluent and then foaming this composition to form a stable foam. The foam is then applied to the resin treated fabric in a layer, the foam is collapsed on the fabric to force it through the fabric and then the fabric is subjected to drying and curing conditions. The process is advantageous in that it utilizes relatively small volumes of liquids and thus is energy efficient and environmentally favorable.

Abstract: The level of released formaldehyde in a durable press treated fabric is significantly reduced or eliminated altogether by an oxidative aftertreatment process in which the fabric, after treatment with a formaldehyde-based durable press finishing agent and curing to impart durable press properties, is contacted with an oxidizing agent to destroy formaldehyde-releasing moieties present in the fabric. Preferably, the treatment of the durable press fabric with the oxidizing agent is carried out by impregnating the fabric with a solution containing the oxidizing agent and then providing the fabric a residence time in contact with the oxidizing agent to allow for reaction of the oxidizing agent with the formaldehyde-releasing moieties.

Abstract: A composition adapted to treating textiles and non-woven cellulosic products comprising a mixture of a cross-linking agent and a nitroalkanol. A method of reducing the residual formaldehyde content of the wrinkle-resistant fabric and a wrinkle-resistant fabric per se comprising the use of the claimed composition.

Abstract: A composition comprising a mixture of a curable ureaaldehyde resin or other crosslinking agent and a nitroalkanol and having particular utility for treating textiles and non-woven cellulose products to provide permanent press and wrinkle-resistant characteristics.

Abstract: Cotton-polyester fiber-blended textile fabrics and knitted goods are resin-finished to be imparted with a high soft feeling and a durable crease resistance using a resin bath containing a specific combination of an amino resin having in the molecule at least two N-methylol groups which may be partially or wholly alkylated, a diol type surface active agent and an acid catalyst for cross-linkage.

Abstract: Improved levels of abrasion resistance, breaking strength are coupled with high levels of resilience, as measured by durable-press appearance rating and wrinkle recovery angles, by a process in which cotton or cotton-containing fabric is treated with polyfunctional N-methylol reagents, a Bronsted acidic catalyst or Bronsted acid-generating catalyst and selected phosphate salts. The fabric is impregnated with these and supplementary agents as desired and cured by conventional methods.

Abstract: The title compounds, having the formula (RO.sub.2 CNHCH.sub.2).sub.3 PY where Y=oxygen or sulfur, are prepared by reacting a tris(N-carbalkoxylaminomethyl)phosphine, having the formula (RO.sub.2 CNHCH.sub.2).sub.3 P, with an oxidizing or sulfurizing agent. The products, after methylolation with formaldehyde, are useful as finishing agents for imparting flame retardant properties to cotton fabrics.

Abstract: The title compounds, having the formula (RO.sub.2 CNHCH.sub.2).sub.3 P, are prepared by reacting a quaternary phosphonium salt, having the formula (RO.sub.2 CNHCH.sub.2).sub.4 P.sup.+ X.sup.-, with a base, preferably one that is capable of reacting with and thereby inactivating the by-product formaldehyde or formaldehyde derivative. The products are useful as intermediates for the preparation of finishing agents that impart flame retardant properties to cotton fabrics.

Abstract: Disclosed is a treatment process for textile substrates comprising or consisting of regenerated cellulose, which process comprises applying to the substrate an aqueous medium comprising (A) a monomeric, hydrolysis stable, hydrosoluble, resin forming cross linking agent containing at least two N-methylol or N-alkoxymethyl groups, (B) a hydrosoluble, prepolymerized, linear, filler resin forming, cross-linking agent, also containing at least two N-methylol or N-alkoxymethyl groups, (C) a reactive acetal of formula ##STR1## wherein X and Y, independently, are H or CH.sub.2 OH, (D) a first cross-linking catalyst, being an alkaline earth metal salt of a strong acid and (E) a second cross-linking catalyst, being an acidic aluminium salt, subsequently drying the substrate and subjecting same to a temperature at which cross-linking takes place, and an aqueous concentrate for use therein.

Abstract: An improvement in the process of preparing wrinkle resistant textile fabrics containing cellulosic fiber wherein said fabrics are impregnated with an N-methylol durable press resin and cured. The improvement comprises adding to the durable press resin an oxazolidine or mixture of oxazolidines having the general formula ##STR1## wherein R is selected from the group consisting of H, methyl, ethyl, hydroxymethyl and hydroxyethyl.

Abstract: Disclosed is a treatment process for textile substrates comprising or consisting of regenerated cellulose, which process comprises applying to the substrate an aqueous medium comprising (A) a monomeric, hydrolysis stable, hydrosoluble, resin forming cross linking agent containing at least two N-methylol or N-alkoxymethyl groups, (B) a hydrosoluble, prepolymerised, linear, filler resin forming, cross-linking agent, also containing at least two N-methylol or N-alkoxymethyl groups, (C) a reactive acetal of formula ##STR1## wherein X and Y, independently, are H or CH.sub.2 OH, (D) a first cross-linking catalyst, being an alkaline earth metal salt of a strong acid and (E) a second cross-linking catalyst, being an acidic aluminium salt, subsequently drying the substrate and subjecting same to a temperature at which cross-linking takes place, and an aqueous concentrate for use therein.

Abstract: Wrinkle resistance, soil release, improved breaking strength and abrasion, and durable deodorant (bacteriostatic) quality are a plurality of useful properties imparted to cotton by a process with chemicals which include polyfunctional crosslinking compounds, zinc salts of polymerizable acrylic-type acids, and basic persulfates. The fabric is impregnated, heat-fixed, and cured by conventional methods and employing conventional equipment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a water soluble textile finishing resin composition, the process for preparing the same, the process for finishing textile materials therewith, and to the textile materials so treated. More particularly, the invention relates to infinitely water-soluble mixtures of substantially fully etherified substantially fully methylolated melamine resins and urea:formaldehyde:glyoxal reaction products which are characterized by having a low free formaldehyde content and excellent storage stability, to the method for preparing the same, to the process for treating textile materials therewith and to the textile materials so treated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a water soluble textile finishing resin composition, the process for preparing the same, the process for finishing textile materials therewith, and to the textile materials so treated. More particularly, the invention relates to infinitely water-soluble mixtures of substantially fully etherified substantially fully methylolated melamine resins and urea:formaldehyde:glyoxal reaction products which are characterized by having a low free formaldehyde content and excellent storage stability, to the method for preparing the same, to the process for treating textile materials therewith and to the textile materials so treated.

Abstract: The method of treating a textile fabric comprising cellulosic fibers to produce a modified fabric intermediate from which permanently shaped wearing apparel having an improved dry crease recovery can be made, comprising the steps of: (1) impregnating the material with a cellulose cross-linking reagent selected from the groups consisting of: (a) reaction products of formaldehyde with carboxamides wherein said reaction products contain 2 or 3 N-methylol groups and methyl ethers thereof; (b) compounds having the following generic formula:R.sub.1 OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 SO.sub.2 (QSO.sub.2).sub.n CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OR.sub.2where R.sub.1 and R.sub.

Abstract: Stable, aqueous, flame retardant finishes for cellulosic textile materials employing tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium phosphate, tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium carboxylate and urea or a urea-formaldehyde condensate, and, processes employing said finishes are disclosed, together with processes for the preparation of the phosphonium compounds from tris(hydroxymethyl)phosphines.

Abstract: Durable press properties are imparted to cellulosic fabrics by reacting with either of two new tertiary amino-N-methylol reagents. Autocatalysis was shown by these reagents when applied as the free bases or as hydrochlorides to cotton fabric by conventional methods. Resilience, recurability, improved scorch resistance, and enhanced dye and brightener sorptions are realized.

Abstract: The invention relates to new industrial chemical compounds imparting anti-soiling properties on cellulose and synthetic fabrics said compounds having the general formula: ##STR1## IN WHICH A is a radical resulting from the removal of at least three atoms of hydrogen replaceable by methylols on atoms of nitrogen of a compound capable of supplying aminoplasts; R.sub.1 is either a hydrogen atom or an alkyl or acyl radical comprising less than 4 atoms of carbon; R.sub.2 is an aliphatic alkyl or acyl radical comprising at least 10 atoms of carbon or aliphatic alkyl or acyl radical comprising at least 10 atoms of carbon or an alkyl radical comprising at least 2 atoms of carbon and at least one halogen substituent; R.sub.3 is a radical resulting from the removal of a hydroxyl from the alcohol group of the addition product of 5 to 30 molecules of identical or different alkylene oxides on an alcohol or an acid; and m, n and p are equal to or greater than 1.

Abstract: A process for coloring a fibrous structure which comprises applying a coloring agent and a prepolymer or precondensate of a synthetic resin to a fibrous structure, heat-treating the fibrous structure, and then treating the fibrous structure with a reducing agent.

Abstract: Composition for flameproofing organic fibre material which contains at least1. a tetrakis-(hydroxymethyl)-phosphonium compound, its self-condensation product or its condensation product with a reactive nitrogen compound2. an aliphatic amide or an imidazole or an imidazoline as agent for imparting a soft handle3. a methylolated amino groups containing 1,3,5-triazine and, optionally,4. an optionally methylolated and esterified derivative of a urea and, optionally,5. a low molecular amine.These compositions yield flameproof finishes paired with a soft handle especially on polyester-cotton blends.

Abstract: In mild cure finishing, strong catalysts are required because of the modest curing conditions employed in the process. Suitable catalysts for mild cure finishing include strong inorganic acids, strong organic acids, active inorganic complexes, salt/acid combinations, and salts that are strong Lewis acids (i.e, certain metal salts). Ammonium salts of inorganic acids, although often used in other types of treatments for producing wrinkle resistant textiles, are not satisfactory catalysts for mild cure finishing. Unexpectedly and surprisingly, it has been discovered that ammonium salts of certain, but not all, sulfonic acids can serve as effective catalysts for mild cure finishing of cellulose-containing fabrics to produce wrinkle resistance and durable press properties. Among ammonium sulfonates which provide the catalysis needed for mild cure finishing are ammonium methanesulfonate, ammonium carboxymethanesulfonate (NH.sub.4 O.sub.3 SCH.sub.2 COOH), ammonium benzenesulfonate, and ammonium p-toluenesulfonate.

Abstract: Dialkylphosphonoacetylurea compounds which contain hydroxymethyl groups or alkoxymethyl groups and their preparation, as well as their use for the flameproofing of cellulose-containing materials.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for making textiles containing cellulose crease-resistant.The process of the invention involves contacting the textile with an aqueous treatment bath to which alkali chlorides or bromides of sodium and potassium have been added and which contains 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethylene urea, the hydroxyl and methylol groups of which can optionally be partially or completely etherified with low, monohydric aliphatic alcohols with 1 to 3 carbon atoms and potential acid catalysts. It is possible for the treatment bath to contain in addition other precondensates normally used in the treatment of textiles provided at least 40% by weight based on the weight of the sum of the N-methylol derivatives calculated as anhydrous substances is the optionally etherified 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethylene urea.

Abstract: 2-Thia-1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane 2,2-dioxide was prepared. The phosphine was converted to the phosphine oxide derivative by reaction with hydrogen peroxide and the methyl phosphonium iodide derivative of the phosphene was prepared by reaction with methyl iodide.

Abstract: The tetramethylol derivatives of 2,4-diamino-6(3,3,3-tribromo-1-propyl)-1,3,5-triazine and 2,4-diamino-6(3,3,3-trichloro-1-propyl)-1,3,5-triazine, namely: 2,4-bis[di(hydroxymethyl)amino]-6-(3,3,3-tribromo-1-propyl)-1,3,5-triazine and 2,4-bis[di(hydroxymethyl)amino]-6-(3,3,3-trichloro-1-propyl)-1,3,5-triazin e, respectively, were used in combination with colloidal antimony oxides and or water emulsifying agents and suitable solvent to impart durable flame-retardancy to cellulosic materials, protein fibers such as wool, and to blends of cellulosic materials and synthetic fibers, particularly to cotton textiles or textiles composed of blends of cotton and polyester. Afterglow was eliminated by the use of small amounts of reactive phosphorus compounds.