Abstract: A process for dyeing crystalline poly(meta-phenylene isophthalamide) fibers with a water-insoluble dye padded onto such fibers by heating with steam at critical temperatures first to activate the dye and thereafter to diffuse it into the fibers.

Abstract: A process and system for providing a design pattern in a material wherein a seleced medium is applied to the material, the material being positioned adjacent a surface of a template which surface has selected surface characteristics either topographical or non-topographical in nature. The material is held against the template surface at a selected pressure and for a selected time period, at least a portion of the medium coming into contact with the template surface. The surface characteristics of the template interact with the material and the medium as the medium comes into contact with the surface to produce the desired pattern.

Abstract: Blue-colored bioabsorbable surgical fibers are obtained by adding and dispersing a bioabsorbable polymer, which is selected from polyglycolic acid, poly(l-lactic acid) and glycolic acid-l-lactic acid copolymers all of which are useful as surgical fibers, and indigo in a non-aqueous organic solvent having low solubility for the polymer and indigo, heating the resultant dispersion at a temperature below 120.degree. C. to distill off the solvent, thereby to obtain a master batch with the indigo incorporated therein at a high concentration, mixing and kneading the master batch with a fresh supply of the polymer, and then spinning the resultant polymer mixture.

Abstract: Textile fabrics are dyed in open widths in a closed, heated environment by spraying a heated dye composition containing a dyestuff dispersed in a non-aqueous, high-boiling solvent, without the dye applicator directly contacting the fabric, directly onto the fabric. The sprayed fabric is held under transverse tension in a heated (350.degree. to 450.degree. F.) environment and further heated while the sprayed dye dispersion migrates, penetrates thoroughly through the fabric and levels substantially evenly across the width of the fabric. Fabrics are thus simultaneously uniformly dyed and uniformly heatset. Apparatus for conducting the process is also disclosed.

Abstract: A fabric comprising polyethylene terephthalate fibers which exhibits a reduced tendency to pill upon encountering surface abrasion is formed on an expeditious basis. During the polymerization of the monomers required to form the polyethylene terephthalate, a quantity of polyethylene glycol (as described) is copolymerized therewith to form a polymer which exhibits a substantial intrinsic viscosity (as described). Following the melt-extrusion of the polymer to form fibers and fabric formation, the fabric is subjected to a dye bath at an elevated temperature wherein it is dyed, and the intrinsic viscosity of the polymer is reduced (as described). The presence of units derived from polyethylene glycol within the polymer chain has been found to lead to such intrinsic viscosity reduction within the dye bath.

Abstract: A waterless dip dye composition for non-textile and general-utility articles comprises an aromatic ester of the formula ArCOOR.sub.2, ArCOO--R.sub.1 --OOCAr or (ArCOO).sub.z --R.sub.3, wherein R.sub.1 is alkylene of 2-8 carbon atoms or polyoxyalkylene of the formula --C.sub.r H.sub.2r (OC.sub.r H.sub.2r).sub.s, in which r is 2 or 3 and s is 1 to 15; R.sub.2 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkenyl of 8-30 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 is the residue of a polyhydric alcohol having z hydroxyl groups; Ar is substituted or unsubstituted mono- or bicyclic aryl of up to 15 carbon atoms and z is 3-6, admixed with at least 0.5% by weight of a dyeing assistant agent and an organic colorant.A process for coloring non-textile and general-utility articles, fabricated from polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, acrylic, halogenated polyolefin or epoxy plastic, comprises exposing an article to the foregoing compositions, maintained at a temperature from about 100.degree. C.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for heat treating textile substrates wherein a substrate may be dyed in pattern configuration and, optionally, thermally modified to produce visual surface effects in the pattern areas in perfect registry. Dye is applied to the textile substrate, and optionally dried, without being fixed. Heat is selectively applied in pattern configuration to the substrate. The heat is sufficient to fix the dye in pattern configuration, at a pre-determined level of fixation, and may also be sufficient to cause thermal shrinkage or other thermally-induced physical modification to the substrate, also in pattern configuration. Unfixed dye may then be removed, leaving a pattern-dyed substrate which, optionally, may have physically modified areas in perfect registry. A mixture of dyes having different fixation energy levels may be used for multiple color effects.

Abstract: A simulated cashmere fabric comprises a warp knit ground comprising a stretch yarn such as an elastomeric yarn such as Lycra (RTM) and a raised and cropped face. The face yarn may be knitted in over a plurality of, say five, needles, and the fabric may be dyed before the raising and cropping steps and crushed and steamed after.

Abstract: Fabrics formed at least partially of highly shrinkable fibers, such as polyester fibers, are dyed in a process which provides a number of significant economic and processing advantages over conventionally used dyeing processes, such as jet dyeing, producing a product with enhanced physical properties. The process involves first subjecting the fabric to a preparatory heat treatment step under conditions in which the fabric is allowed substantially complete freedom to relax and shrink, after which the fabric is wound onto a dye beam and beam-dyed. Following dyeing the fabric may be subjected to finishing operations, such as napping, and then to a tentering operation in which the fabric is stretched widthwise to restore a predetermined width, while being heated to a temperature greater than that used in the preparatory heat treatment step.

Abstract: The novel dye salts of the formula ##STR1## wherein Z, B, X, m and n are as defined in claim 1, are suitable for dyeing polyacrylonitrile in the spinning dope. The fibres dyed according to the invention have good fastness to rubbing, steaming, washing and light.

Abstract: New dyestuffs are described for keratinic fibers which produce particularly luminous shades without the need for an oxidizing agent. These dyestuffs have the formula: ##STR1## or a tautomeric form thereof wherein each of R.sub.1 and R.sub.4, which may be identical or different, represents a member selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, acylamino and ureido;each of R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which may be identical or different, represents a member selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, amino, N-alkylamino, N-(hydroxyalkyl)-amino, N-(carbamyl-alkyl)-amino, acylamino and ureido, each of said alkyls containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms;each of R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, which may be identical or different, represents a member selected from hydrogen, halogen, alkyl containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms and alkoxy containing 1 to 6 carbon atoms, with the proviso that when R.sub.5 and R.sub.

Abstract: Pile fabrics prepared from synthetic fibers having a textured or embossed surface resulting from a process which comprises selectively contacting the surface of said fabric with a chemical embossing agent therefor, allowing the embossing action to occur, and thereafter effectively removing the embossing agent from the surface; said embossing serving to reduce the height of the pile in the treated areas and creating said textured appearance.