Abstract: The present disclosure is concerned with enhancing the solubility of dispersed anionic dyes upon the dilution of their dispersions with room temperature water. Concentrated dispersions of such dyes with acceptable stability and low shear viscosities are disclosed which are more readily diluted to dissolve the dispersed dyestuff because they contain certain chelating agents are described. These agents have at least one free or appropriately neutralized acid group, with carboxylic acid groups being preferred. The appropriae cations include ammonium or lithium ions. The free acid groups are subsequently neutralized with these appropriae cations so that the final dispersions are preferably about neutral, i.e have pH values about 7. A further improvement to the dilutability by the addition of a surfactant, preferably a non-ionic surfactant, is also discssed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for printing cellulosic fibres or cellulose-containing blend fibres with reactive dyes or dye mixtures which contain a reactive dye and subsequent fixation, which comprises printing these materials with a print paste containing at least one water-soluble reactive dye of the formulaD--(X).sub.m (1)in which D is the radical of an organic dye of the monoazo, polyazo, metal complex azo, anthraquinone, phthalocyanine, formazan, azomethine, nitroaryl, dioxazine, phenazine or stilbene series, X is a fibre-reactive radical of the aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic series which is bonded to the radical D either directly or via a bridge member and m is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, and salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, and subsequently fixing the print; and to the print pastes used and to their use for printing textile materials.

Abstract: Method of producing a by-product of the black liquor residue of a kraft wood pulping process having excellent product stability and exhibiting humectant properties in dyestuff compositions, and the resultant humectant product and dyestuff compositions containing such humectant product. The black liquor, after removal of tall oil fractions, is oxidized and thereafter treated with an aldehyde to methylolate the lignin components therein, the methylolated lignin-containing black liquor is treated with a sulfur-oxygen-containing compound, such as SO.sub.2 gas, under sufficient conditions to sulfomethylate and solubilize the lignin components, and the resultant composition is concentrated to a solids content of from about 50% to up to about 70% at a pH of approximately 7.5 to produce the final humectant product.

Abstract: The invention relates to long-shelflife print pastes containing at least one water-soluble reactive dye of the formulaD--(X).sub.m (1)in which D is the radical of an organic dye of the monoazo, polyazo, metal complex azo, anthraquinone, phthalocyanine, formazan, azomethine, nitroaryl, dioxazine, phenazine or stilbene series, X is a fibre-reactive radical of the aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic series which is bonded to the radical D either directly or via a bridge member, and m is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, and, per fibre-reactive radical X, at least twice the stoichiometric amount of an alkali metal acetate, and to their use for printing cellulosic fibres.

Abstract: In order to counteract the electrolyte sensitivity of synthetic thickeners they are used together with natural thickeners. These mixtures are in turn associated with other problems which in many cases can lead to an impairment of the appearance of the goods in dyeings of polyester fibers with disperse dyestuffs.According to the invention these problems can be bypassed if the thickener dispersions, in addition to the thickener mixtures of synthetic and natural products, contain as the continuous phase solvents from the series of the alkyloxypropylates.

Abstract: A reactive dye composition comprising (1) a dye having the formula, ##STR1## wherein D is an organic dye residue having at least one sulfo group, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently a hydrogen atom or an unsubstituted or substituted lower alkyl group, A is an unsubstituted or substituted phenylene or naphthylene group, X is a halogen atom, and Y is a group, --SO.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 or --SO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Z, in which Z is a group capable of being split by the action of an alkali, and (2) a buffer, the amount of the buffer being from 3 through 80% by weight based on the weight of the dye, and the pH value of an aqueous solution prepared from the dye composition and water of 20 times as much as the weight of the dye composition being from 3.5 through 7.5, which is superior in storage stability, and useful for dyeing or printing fiber materials to give dyed or printed products having superior fastness with high reproducibility.

Abstract: A process for preparing sulfonated lignins suitable for use as dispersants and additives in dye compositions wherein sulfonated lignins are post-sulfonation crosslinked with a crosslinking agent of the aldehyde, epoxide, or polyhalide type at a pH range of between about 6.1 to 9 to selectively crosslink low molecular weight sizes of the sulfonated lignins to provide improved heat stability and dispersibility of the sulfonated lignins in dye compositions. The invention also concerns disperse and vat dye compositions, and printing gels, containing the sulfonated lignins as a dispersing agent or additive.

Abstract: Dispersants, especially well suited for use with insoluble dyes, are produced by reacting hydroxyl benzyl alcohol compounds with sulfonated lignin derivatives. The dispersants have high levels of heat stability, coupled with desirable dye reduction, staining, foaming, milling and viscosity-reducing properties. Dyestuffs, dye pastes and dye baths, as well as methods utilizing them, are provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure is concerned with aqueous dispersions of anionic acid dyes, especially the monosulphonated level dyeing acid dyes, which have low room temperature, low shear viscosities and good storage stability. This low viscosity enables them to be readily poured, pumped and otherwise handled. These dispersions comprise dyestuff solids with a controlled particle size distribution having a median value between about 1 and 10 microns; an anionic dispersant; and an electrolyte. In a preferred embodiment the pH is adjusted to give an optimum viscosity value. Another preferred feature is the adjustment of the rheology with a thickening agent such as xanthan gum. These dispersions find particular utility in the continuous dyeing of carpet, especially in Kuesters or foam dyeing equipment.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions for use in preparing thickened thermosol dyeing baths or printing paste wherein natural or synthetic thickeners are employed, comprising an aqueous system of one or more substantially water insoluble dyes and from about 2 to about 12%, preferably from about 3 to about 10%, and most preferably 4 to about 8% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). In general, the dyes useful in the present composition are disperse dyes as defined in the Color Index, 3rd Edition, as azo, anthraquinone, methine, nitroarylamine, and quinoline. Particularly useful are such dyes, for example, comprised of couplers selected from aniline, tetrahydroquinoline, benzomorpholine, and their known derivatives, and diazo components selected from phenyl, thiazolyl, isothiazole, thiadiazolyl, thienyl, benzothiazolyl, and benzisothiazolyl and their known derivatives.

Abstract: Dispersants, especially well suited for use in thermosol dyeing processes, are produced by reacting methylol hydroxybenzene compounds with sulfonated lignin derivatives. The dispersants have high levels of heat stability and low staining characteristics, coupled with desirable dye reduction, foaming, milling and viscosity-reducing properties. Dyestuffs, dye pastes, and dye baths, as well as methods utilizing them, are provided.

Abstract: A textile printing paste composition comprising an alkali metal salt of carboxymethylcellulose having an average degree of substitution of at least 2.2 per glucose unit, the aqueous solution of said salt in the concentration of 2% on the anhydrous basis having a viscosity of 10 to 10,000 cps as measured in a B-type rotational viscometer at 20 rpm at 25.degree. C. The composition can meet the basic performance characteristic requirements for use in textile printing.

Abstract: Dyestuff formulations which contain a dyestuff with at least one of the groupings of the formula ##STR1## and an emulsifying polar-nonpolar compound, are outstanding suitable for dyeing synthetic fibres since they are well soluble in the dyeing bath and do not require expensive formulation process for their preparation.In the formulae, the symbols have the following meanings:G is a bridge member,A is alkylene,X is hydrogen, Y, --COY or --CONR.sub.1 R.sub.2,Y is alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl or aryl,R.sub.1 is hydrogen or Y,R.sub.2 is hydrogen or alkyl andn is a number from 1 to 7, with the proviso that n is at least 2 if X is --COY.

Abstract: Propylene oxide reaction products, and the salts or quaternization products thereof are provided which are obtained from(a) an at least trihydric aliphatic alcohol of 3 to 10 carbon atoms,(b) 1,2-propylene oxide,(c) an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid of 2 to 10 carbon atoms, an aromatic dicarboxylic acid of 8 to 12 carbon atoms or the anhydrides thereof,and at least one of the following components:(d) an aliphatic diol with a molecular weight of at most 2000,(e) a fatty alcohol containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms,(f) a fatty acid containing 12 to 22 carbon atoms, and(g) an aliphatic monoamine or diamine containing 2 to 12 carbon atoms,of which component (g) is used only at the conclusion and only if component (c) is ethylenically unsaturated.The inventive products are suitable for widely varying uses in textile finishing.

Abstract: An aqueous dispersion of a solid, especially a disperse dyestuff or a pigment, containing, as dispersing agent, a water-soluble, non-ionic polycyclic aromatic compound having a poly(lower alkylene-oxy)chain containing from 5 to 30 lower alkylene-oxy groups. Preferred dispersing agents contain about 10 ethylene-oxy groups in the chain. The dispersions of disperse dyestuffs are especially suitable for use in aqueous print pastes based on synthetic thickening agents and the pigment dispersions are suitable for use in emulsion paints.

Abstract: Dispersants, especially well suited for use with insoluble dyes, are produced by reacting hydroxyl benzyl alcohol compounds with sulfonated lignin derivatives. The dispersants have high levels of heat stability, coupled with desirable dye reduction, staining, foaming, milling and viscosity-reducing properties. Dyestuffs, dye pastes and dye baths, as well as methods utilizing them, are provided.

Abstract: This invention has for its object new cosmetic compositions for treating hair and skin containing a powder of plant origin obtained from extraction residues of various plants.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for preparing sulfonated lignins processing a low viscosity which comprises pretreating a lignin with sodium dithionate and subsequently reacting the pretreated lignin with sodium sulfite and an aldehyde. The resulting sulfonated lignins are useful as dispersants for disperse dyes and vat dyes.

Abstract: Liquid finished formulations which are stable to storage and hydrolysis and are based on the lyotropic liquid crystal aqueous phase of the dyestuff of the formula ##STR1## which is present in water in a concentration of 23-35% at room temperature, are outstandingly suitable for the preparation of dyebaths and printing pastes for dyeing cotton, wool, regenerated cellulose, paper and leather.

Abstract: Liquid finished formulations which are stable to storage and hydrolysis and are based on the lyotropic liquid crystal aqueous phase of the dyestuff of the formula ##STR1## in water in a concentration of 12-35% at room temperature are outstandingly suitable for the preparation of dyebaths and printing pastes for dyeing cotton, wool, regenerated cellulose, paper and leather.

Abstract: Water-soluble surface-active esters of di- to hexa-hydric aliphatic alcohols which have been reacted with propylene oxide and/or ethylene oxide and thereafter with at least two moles of a carboxylic acid of up to 22 carbon atoms are useful for dyestuff preparations. These preparations have good flow properties even with high dyestuff concentrations and low contents of said esters and optionally other surfactants and can be used in dyeing and printing procedures, especially in printing pastes for printing transfer sheets.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel aqueous dye preparations of dyes difficultly soluble in water, to processes for producing these dye preparations, to the use thereof for preparing printing pastes, and to the use of the said dye preparations for printing carrier materials for transfer printing, for printing in particular textile materials, or for dyeing textile materials, and also to the printed carrier materials, and to the material printed by means of these dye preparations in the transfer-printing process, or to the material dyed or printed in the dyeing or printing process. The novel dye preparations contain water, a finely dispersed dye of which the solubility in boiling perchloroethylene is lower than 0.5 g/kg, an anionic and/or nonionic dispersing agent, a resin which has affinity for the dye and which is more soluble than the dye in a solvent having limited miscibility with water, and optionally further additives.

Abstract: A colored liquid hypochlorite bleach composition is provided, comprising a particulate pigment such as Ultramarine Blue, which is stably suspended in the composition by means of a flocculate, such as calcium soap flocs.

Abstract: The unions consist of a mixture of fibers which can be colored with disperse dyestuffs and fibers which can be colored with reactive dyestuffs. A printing paste containing:(a) at least one finely dispersed, water-insoluble azo dye-stuff of the formula: ##STR1## (b) at least one reactive dyestuff and (c) at least one non-ionic surfactant is used. The azo dyestuff of formula I is not prepared in the printing paste. It has a melting point between 220.degree. and 300.degree. C. In the formula, A, D and R have the meanings given in claim 1.In this way, prints are obtained, from which the non-fixed dyestuffs can easily be washed out and which have an excellent white ground. The build-up and fastness properties are good. The prints are very brilliant and deep in color, in particular in the field of orange and red shades.