Abstract: A polymer dye has repeating units of formula (I): Each of R1, R2, and R3 is independently a monocyclic carbocyclic group, a condensed polycyclic carbocyclic group, a monocyclic heterocyclic group, or a condensed polycyclic heterocyclic group. In any case, each of R1, R2, and R3 independently may have a substituent. R1 is a divalent group, and R2 and R3 are monovalent groups. D is an organic dye group and n is an integer of from 0 to 10. The polymer dye has a number-average molecular weight of from 500 to 500,000. The dye can be a component in a film. The dye can also be included in various industrial materials in automobiles; communication instruments, such as mobile phones, PDA, remote controllers, mobile information terminals, electronic dictionaries, and electronic organizers; home electric appliances; construction parts; and the like.

Abstract: Described is a class of symmetrical and asymmetrical N-alkyl lactam ethers. One preferred ether is bis-N-ethyl pyrrolidone ether. Preferred compositions and uses of the ethers are in performance chemicals, personal care, and pharmaceutical fields, where they function a variety of roles, including as a solvent, solubilizer, freezing point depressor, diluent, extracting agent, cleaning agent, degreaser, absorbent and/or dispersion agent.

Abstract: A liquid preparation of a paper dye comprising a) 15 to 50% by weight of the dye of the formula CuPc[SO2NH(CH2)3N(CH3)2]2 to 3[SO3H]1 to 2 (1), in which CuPc represents copper phthalocyanine, or the alkali metal salt of (1), b) 5 to 15% by weight of ?-caprolactam, c) 1 to 8% by weight of formic acid, d) 1 to 7% by weight of benzyl alcohol, e) 0 to 3% by weight of a lower aliphatic organic acid, f) 0 to 5% by weight of an inorganic salt and g) water, to complete to 100% by weight, a process for the production of said preparation and the use thereof for dyeing, in particular dyeing of paper.

Abstract: Compositions for coloring keratinous fibers comprising a sulfo-containing, water-dispersible polymer having carbonyloxy linking groups, and a colorant reacted into or onto the polymer backbone.

Abstract: Fiber materials can be modified by applying heterocycloaliphatic compounds containing at least one primary, secondary or tertiary amino group or quaternary ammonium group, the hetero portion of which in the ring is a carbonic ester radical of the formula --O--CO--O-- or a carbamic acid radical of the formula --O--CO--NH--, in aqueous alkaline solution by exposing the fiber material to these compounds at a temperature of between 60.degree. and 230.degree. C. The characteristic of the modified fiber material is that it can be dyed with dye solutions of water-soluble, anionic textile dyes which are low in electrolytes or entirely free of electrolytes and/or are low in alkali or entirely free of alkali. The advantage of a dyeing process carried out in this manner, in particular for fiber-reactive dyes, is that fixation of the dyes under alkaline conditions is unnecessary.

Abstract: A low-temperature dyeing additive for protein fiber products contains one or more kinds of solvents which are freely miscible with water and having a donor number within the range of 24 to 50 and an acceptor number within the range of 10 to 24 in the presence or absence of a surfactant, in an amount of 0.025 to 40 g per liter of water, has a pH of 3.5 to 9.5. If necessary, it contains tributoxyethyl phosphate in an amount of 0.025 to 4.0 g per liter of water, and/or contains one or more kinds of anions having an enthalpy of hydration (-.DELTA.H.sub.KJ.multidot.mol.sup.-1) of 200 to 290 in an amount of 0.05 to 40 g per liter of water. This low-temperature dyeing additive for protein fiber products serves to relax the higher-order structures of the protein fibers before dyeing or during dyeing, to thereby swell the fibers, thus rendering the fibers readily dyeable without detriment to the properties thereof.

Abstract: Concentrated dye solutions of dyes of the formula (1) shown in claim are described.The dye solutions are distinguished by a good storage stability and are suitable, in particular, for dyeing paper.

Abstract: A method of dyeing paper utilizing dyes suitable for dyeing paper in blue shades having the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, --OH, --OR.sup.1 , --NH.sub.2, NHR.sup.1, --NHCOR.sup.1, --NHSO.sub.2 R.sup.1, --NHCONH.sub.2 or --NHCONHR.sup.1, in which R.sup.1 is unsubstituted alkyl or alkyl substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, hydroxy-substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, phenyl, phenoxy or phenylcarbamoyl, in each instance the phenyl moiety being unsubstituted or substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy or phenoxy, R.sup.1 is also unsubstituted phenyl or naphthyl or phenyl or naphthyl which is substituted by sulfo, carboxy, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, halogen, nitro, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkylcarbonylamino or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonylamino;X, each independently of the other, is hydrogen, unsubstituted alkyl or alkoxy or alkyl or alkoxy which is substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, hydroxy-substituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: This invention provides compositions comprising a compound having the structural formula ##STR1## wherein each X, Y and Z may represent oxygen, sulfur or two hydrogen atoms, provided however that, when Z represents two hydrogen atoms, both X and Y represent oxygen or sulfur and when Z represents oxygen or sulfur at least one of X and Y must represent oxygen or sulfur; m is 2-6; R' is H or a lower alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms; n is 0-17 and R is --CH.sub.3, ##STR2## wherein R" is H or halogen. The invention also provides compositions comprising a physiologically-active agent and the hereinabove recited 1-substituted azacycloalkane compound in an amount effective to enhance the penetration of the physiologically-active agent through the skin or other membrane of the body of an animal.

Abstract: An aqueous liquid composition containing a reactive dye of the following formulaD--SO.sub.2 X).sub.nwherein D is an organic dye residue having 1 to 3 sulfonic acid grups, X is a group of --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Y in which Y is a splittable group by the action of an alkali, and n is a number of 1 or 2, in an amount of 5 to 50% by weight based on the weight of the composition, which composition is improved in storage stability at a low temperature, is produced by preparing an undemimeralized agueous solution of the dye of the above formula, dissolving at least one additive selected from lactams and aminoalcohols in the solution, controlling the resulting solution to a temperature of -10.degree. C. to 5.degree. C. to crystallized inorganic salts contained therein, and separating the crystallized inorganic salts, the said additive being used in an amount of 0.1 to 20% by weight based on the weight of the composition.

Abstract: An aqueous liquid dye composition comprising 10 to 50% by weight of a fiber-reactive copper phthalocyanine dye represented by the following formula (I) in the form of a free acid, ##STR1## wherein Y is a group of --SO.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 or --SO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Z, in which Z is a splittable group by the action of an alkali, and m and n are independently a number of 1 to 3, provided that they satisfy the following formula, 2<m+n.ltoreq.4, 0.1 to 20% by weight of at least one cyclic imide selected from .epsilon.-caprolactam and N-methylpyrrolidones and the balance of water, which is chemically and physically stable, even when stored for a long period of time at ambient temperature or stored at a relatively high temperature such as 50.degree. to 80.degree. C.

Abstract: An aqueous liquid dye composition comprising a dye represented by the following formula in a free acid form, ##STR1## wherein Y is --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 or --CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 X in which X is a group splittable by the action of an alkali, and a pH buffer, the dye being in the form of a lithium salt, and the liquid dye composition having a pH value of from 3 through 7 and a dye content of from 5 through 50% by weight based on the weight of the liquid dye composition, which can be stored stably for a long period of time even at a low temperature such as 0.degree. C. or lower, and a high temperature such as 40.degree. C. or higher.

Abstract: Disazo compounds of the formula ##STR1## and salt thereof, D is the radical of a diazo component of the benzene or naphthalene series.K is the radical of a heterocyclic coupling component of the aminopyrazole-, pyridone- or barbituric acid-series, n is 1 to 4,R.sub.1 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl or substituted C.sub.1-4 alkyl,each of R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is independently hydrogen, halo, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, substituted C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, substituted C.sub.1-4 alkoxy, --NHCO--Rhd 5, amino, substituted amino or a quaternary ammonium group, wherein R.sub.5 is C.sub.1-4 alkyl, substituted C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy or amino,R.sub.4 is hydrogen, C.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for administering systemically active agents including therapeutic agents through the skin or mucosal membranes of humans and animals in a transdermal device or formulation comprising topically administering with said systemic agent an effective amount of a membrane penetration enhancer having the structural formula ##STR1## wherein X and Y, each, may represent sulfur, oxygen or two hydrogen atoms, A is a branched or a straight chain, divalent aliphatic radical having from 0 to 2 double bonds; R' is selected from the group consisting of H, a lower alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms, phenyl, lower alkyl or halogen substituted phenyl, acetamido, halogen, piperidinyl, lower alkyl or halogen substituted piperidinyl, carbalkoxy, carboxamide, and alkylformyl; m is 3-7; q is 2m-2x, wherein x equals the number of double bonds in the lactam ring and may be 1, 2 or 3, and R is CH.sub.3, ##STR2## wherein R" is H or halogen.

Abstract: An aqueous liquid dye composition comprising 5 to 50% by weight of a reactive dye represented by the following formula, ##STR1## wherein D denotes a sulfo group-containing organic dye residue, R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently of one another denote a hydrogen atom or a C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkyl group unsubstituted or substituted with a halogen atom or a hydroxyl, cyano, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkoxy, carboxy, carbamoyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkoxycarbonyl, C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 alkylcarbonyloxy, sulfo or sulfamoyl group, A denotes a phenylene group unsubstituted or substituted with one or two members selected from methyl, ethyl, methoxy, ethoxy, chlorine, bromine and sulfo, or a naphthylene group unsubstituted or substituted with one sulfo group, X denotes a halogen atom, and Y is a group of --SO.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 or --SO.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 Z in which Z is a splittable group by the action of an alkali, 0.1 to 10% by weight of .epsilon.

Abstract: This invention provides compositions comprising a physiologically-active agent and an azacycloalkene having at least one double bond in the ring and of the general formula ##STR1## wherein X and Y, each, may represent sulfur, oxygen or two hydrogen atoms, A is a straight or branched chain, divalent aliphatic radical having from 0 to 2 double bonds; R' is selected from the group consisting of H, a lower alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms, phenyl, lower alkyl or halogen substituted phenyl, acetamido, halogen, piperidinyl, lower alkyl or halogen substituted piperidinyl, carbalkoxy, carboxamide, and alkylformyl; m is 3-7; q is 2m-2x, wherein x equals the number of double bonds in the lactam ring and may be 1, 2 or 3; and R is --CH.sub.3, ##STR2## wherein R" is H or halogen in an amount effective to enhance the penetration of the physiologically-active agent through the skin or other membrane of the body of an animal.

Abstract: A new storage-stable solution of the reactive dyestuff of the formula ##STR1## wherein CuPc=the radical of a Cu phthalocyanine dyestuff,m=1, 2 or 3,n=1, 2 or 3,m+n=3 to 4 andM.sup..sym. =H.sup..sym., an alkali metal cation or an ammonium ion,is provided.The storage-stable solution according to the invention is characterized in that it contains 10-35% by weight of reactive dyestuff (1), 10-30% by weight of solubilizing agent, 0-10% by weight of anionic dispersing agent, 0-7% by weight of inorganic salts, such as Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4, Li.sub.2 SO.sub.4 and the like, and 0.1-3% by weight of buffer (pH 4-7), the remainder to make up to 100% by weight being water.

Abstract: A process for producing granulates of water-soluble dyes by means of fluidized bed granulation, wherein there is added a granulating auxiliary having a softening point or softening range between 30.degree. and 150.degree. C. and consisting of(a) at least one compound of the formula IA--(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n --H (I)in which A is the group R--O-- or ##STR1## wherein R is an aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon radical having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, R' is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 8 to 22 carbon atoms, and n is 10 to 200, preferably 20 to 150, or(b) a mixture of a compound of the formula II ##STR2## in which m is 50 to 500, and x is 3 to 5, with a compound of the formula IIIR.sub.1 --NH--CO--NH--R.sub.1 (III),in which each R.sub.1 independently of the other is hydrogen or methyl, or(c) a mixture of a compound of the formula I with at least one compound of the formula II or III.

Abstract: A process for producing agglomerates of water-soluble dyes by adding a granulating auxiliary to at least one water-soluble dye, which is in pulverulent form, and converting the mixture, while it is being subjected to a tumbling and/or mixing action, by particle enlargement into a granular form, in which process there is used as a granulating auxiliary:(a) at least one compound of the formula IA--(CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n --H (I)in which A is the group R--O-- or ##STR1## R is an aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon radical containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms, R' is an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms, and n is 10 to 200, or(b) a mixture of a compound of the formula II ##STR2## in which m is 50 to 500, and x is 3 to 5, with a compound of the formula IIIR.sub.1 --NH--CO--NH--R.sub.1 (III)in which each R.sub.

Abstract: Liquid compositions of nitro group-containing aniline compounds containing no sulfonic acid and/or carboxylic acid groups and having a melting point of below 140.degree. C., especially those suitable for use as diazo component in ice color dyeing, which contain 20 to 70% of this nitro-aniline, 5 to 80 weight % of a castor oil oxethylated with 25 to 60 mols of ethylene oxide, and 5 to 65 weight % of N-methyl-pyrrolidone as solvent. By simply mixing these components clear solutions are obtained which can be diazotized within a few seconds by means of an aqueous sodium nitrite solution and thus give diazonium salt solutions free from residue. These diazonium salt solutions can be used in simple manner and very advantageously as developing baths or liquors for producing water-insoluble azo dyestuffs on the fiber according to the ice color technique.

Abstract: Process for dyeing textile materials of cellulose, by means of direct dyestuffs or reactive dyestuffs, by padding with aqueous dyeing liquors which contain cyclic carboxylic acid amides of the formula ##STR1## in which R represents a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl radical or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -hydroxyalkyl radical andA represents an alkylene radical required to complete a five-membered to seven-membered ring system and optionally substituted by halogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -hydroxyalkyl andn is 0 or 1,and, optionally, glycol compounds of the formula ##STR2## in which R' and R"' independently of one another represent hydrogen, a C.sub.1 -C.sub.5 -alkyl group or an acetyl group,R" represents hydrogen or methyl,n represents a number from 0 to 2 andX represents an oxygen atom or a sulphur atom, and fixing of the dyestuffs.

Abstract: Dyes difficultly soluble or insoluble in water are used together with specific auxiliaries to dye or print textile material made from cellulose fibres, or mixtures thereof with synthetic fibres. These auxiliaries effect an increased dye yield, particularly on the cellulose material, and level tone-in-tone dyeings on mixed fabrics.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of improvement of dyeing fibers by utilizing in the dyeing process, an effective, dye-enhancing amount of a textile auxiliary having the structural formula ##STR1## wherein R' is H or a lower alkyl group having 1-4 carbon atoms, n is O or a positive integer from 1-11 and R is an alkyl group (straight or branch chain) having 1-18 carbon atoms or aryl group, e.g., phenyl. The compounds disclosed herein enhance dye penetration of fibers and allow the dyeing process to take place at lower temperatures in less time.

Abstract: Padding liquors or printing pastes which contain at least one compound which is free from ionic groups and possesses one or more glycidyl radicals are used for dyeing and printing cellulose fibres or textile materials containing cellulose fibres with water-soluble reactive dyestuffs in the absence of alkalis or alkaline compounds.

Abstract: There is described a stable concentrated solution of a dye of the disazo class, which solution contains 15 to 30 percent by weight of the dye of the formula ##STR1## in the form of the lithium salt, optionally in admixture with up to 75 percent by weight of the sodium, potassium or ammonium salt, dissolved in 5 to 35 percent by weight of water, 2 to 10 percent by weight of pyrrolidone or of N-alkyl-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)-pyrrolidone and 35 to 50 percent by weight of a diethylene glycol monoalkyl ether; a process for producing this liquid preparation, and its use for dyeing and printing cellulose and regenerated cellulose, particularly however for dyeing paper.