Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions for preparing textile auxiliaries, which are used in particular to enhance the dyeing affinity of textile fibers.

Abstract: Dyestuff compositions are provided which incorporate, as the grinding aid and/or dispersant therefor, amine modified lignin admixed with sulfonated lignin. The disclosed dyestuff compositions exhibit improved heat stability and, as a result of the higher activity of the dispersant mixture of amine modified lignin blended with sulfonated lignin, less dispersant is present in the exhaust liquor and waste treatment demands are thereby reduced. The improved package dyeing grinding aid/dispersant of the invention is prepared by mixing an amine modified lignin with a sulfonated lignin.

Abstract: Dyestuff compositions are provided which incorporate amine modified sulfonated lignins. The disclosed dyestuff compositions exhibit improved heat stability and, as a result of the higher activity of the amine modified sulfonated lignin, less dispersant is present in the exhaust liquor and waste treatment demands are thereby reduced. The presence of tertiary amine groups in sulfonated kraft, sulfomethylated kraft, and sulfite lignins provide dispersants with package dyeing heat stabilities significantly better than those of the unmodified lignins. The improved package dyeing grinding aid/dispersant of the invention is prepared by reacting sulfonate lignin with a secondary amine using formaldehyde and alkaline conditions.

Abstract: Cellulosic textiles are printed or dyed with multiple hook reactive dyes without fabric hand harshening on using a reactive dye preparation containing 0.5 to 10% by weight of a surfactant and 0 to 10% by weight of an antifoaming agent.

Abstract: Cationic dyes and protonated disperse and solvent dyes are solubilized by an excess (over molar equivalence) of an anionic surfactant to form dye baths and inks for paper. These materials are suitable for the dyeing and printing of cationic dye receptive materials inclusive of silk, wool, nylon, triacetate, vinyl, and cationic dye receptive acrylic, polyester, and polyolefins with water-fast cationic and disperse or solvent dyes. Baths of the solubilized solvent and disperse dyes may be partially neutralized and are suitable for dyeing polyester and other hydrophobic fibers thus eliminating the need for forming dispersions with disperse dyes.

Abstract: Method for imparting stain resistance to fibers, especially wool, which is adaptable to current wool processing methods. Steps comprise:A. treating fibers with a mordant;B. treatment with a combination of sulfonated or disulphonated surfactant together with a stain resist (e.g., syntan); andC. providing treatment with a fluorochemical in either step A. or B. in an amount sufficient to improve stain resistant properties. The improved method may be undertaken in the liquor remaining in a dye bath after dyeing fiber (spent bath process). Process pH is acid. Advantage: lowers the proportion of stain resist chemical to wool necessary to impart stain resistance. Tip sealing, using polymethacrylic resin and fluorochemical, may be an added step.

Abstract: Water insoluble or sparingly soluble dyestuffs such as disperse dyes as concentrates for making up dyebaths or for use as printing pastes, and optical brightening agents for laundry detergents are formulated as stable suspensions in aqueous structured surfactants.

Abstract: A production method of novel condensates comprising bisphenols and aromatic aminosulfonic acids, in particular, novel 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid-2, 2-bis(4-hydrocyphenyl)propaneformaldehyde type condensate and said condensate itself are disclosed. Uses of condensates as a dispersant for disperse dye, additive for carbonaceous fine powder-water slurry and water-reducing agent for cement are also claimed.

Abstract: A monoazo dyestuff composition comprising at least two different individual compounds of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2, independently of each other, are linear or branched alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and R is linear or branched alkyl having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and where said individual compounds differ from each other in at least the R moiety, has improved dyeing properties compared with the individual dyestuffs when used to dye or print hydrophobic fiber materials.

Abstract: An improved sodium hydrosulfite dye reducing composition is described for reducing vat or sulfur dye in aqueous dye bath solutions, comprised of sodium dithionite, at least 1 percent sodium sulfite by weight of sodium dithionite, and stabilized by alkali metal hydroxide, the improvement characterized by including in this composition an effective surface crust inhibiting amount of an anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of alkyl sulfates, alkyl aryl phosphate esters, N-acyl-N-alkyl taurates, .alpha.-olefin sulfonates, alkyl aryl disulfonates, dodecylated oxydibenzene sulfonates, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: An improved process for dyeing of diverse fibre material, especially textile fibres, by applying to the fibre material at a temperature below the absorption temperature of the dyestuffs a concentrated aqueous dye liquor and with a goods to liquor ratio of 1:1.5 to 1:4, the said aqueous dye liquor containing at least one dyestuff which, in the case of the substrate to be dyed, has affinity to the fibres and which is either soluble or dispersible in water and 0.2 to 10 g/l, preferably 2 to 5 g/l, of a non-foaming anionic dispersing agent from the class of aromatic sulphonic acids or the water-soluble salts thereof, and finishing of the dyeing by means of a heat treatment, e.g. introduction of saturated steam, superheated steam or hot air, preferably by heating from without, at temperatures of 95.degree. to 140.degree. C.

Abstract: Disclosed are stable, concentrated, aqueous dyestuff preparations comprising water, an anionic dispersing agent and at least one cold-dyeing water soluble fibre reactive dye, said dye having an average particle diameter of less that 20 .mu., other optional constituents being one or more disperse dyes, acid, such as acetic acid, to adjust the pH of the preparation to a preferred value of 4 to 6, and organic solvents. The preparations are useful for the convenient production of dyebaths for dyeing substrates containing a fibre reactive dyeable component.