Abstract: The invention relates to a process for mass dyeing of polyacrylonitrile, wherein there is incorporated into a solution of acrylonitrile polymer or copolymer a pigment preparation which comprises 10 to 60% by weight of a pigment, 15 to 85% by weight of a glycol-based solvent, 5 to 25% by weight of a surfactant, and 0 to 10% by weight of customary additives, the percentages being based on the total weight of the pigment preparation.

Abstract: The present invention employs the use of nanotechnology to textile coloration. The textiles so produced have good fastness and greatly reduce environmental concerns. The present invention provides nanoparticle processed textiles, formulations and methods for producing them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for removing excess dye from dyed and/or printed materials, such as, textile materials dyed with disperse dyes, by treating a dyed or printed material with an esterase. The improvements resulting form the present invention include, for example, improvements in the washfastness, the wetfastness, the crockfastness, sublimation, and/or the quality of the color, such as, brightness, of dyed and/or printed materials. The present invention also relates to methods for printing or dyeing a material by dyeing or printing the material with a combination of a dye that is affected by esterase treatment and a dye that is not affected by esterase treatment, and after dyeing or printing the material, discharging residual dye by treating the material with an esterase.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for removing excess dye from dyed and/or printed materials, such as, textile materials dyed with disperse dyes, by treating a dyed or printed material with an esterase. The improvements resulting form the present invention include, for example, improvements in the washfastness, the wetfastness, the crockfastness, sublimation, and/or the quality of the color, such as, brightness, of dyed and/or printed materials. The present invention also relates to methods for printing or dyeing a material by dyeing or printing the material with a combination of a dye that is affected by esterase treatment and a dye that is not affected by esterase treatment, and after dyeing or printing the material, discharging residual dye by treating the material with an esterase.

Abstract: In textile products (e.g. yarns, woven fabrics, knit fabrics) comprising highly crosslinked polyacrylic fibers (made of acrylic fibers by partially hydrolyzing a nitrile group to generate an amido group and a carboxylic acid group), fibers blended with the highly crosslinked polyacrylic fibers can be dyed in an even hue. A pre-dyeing treatment process for such textile products (e.g. yarns, woven fabrics, knit fabrics) comprising highly crosslinked polyacrylic fibers comprises a pretreatment step of immersing the textile product into an acidic solution and treating it at a high temperature and an elevated pressure. A dyeing process comprises the steps of conducting this pre-dyeing treatment process, and thereafter conventionally dyeing fibers blended with the highly crosslinked polyacrylic fibers. A pretreated and undyed textile product and a dyed textile product are obtained by the pre-dyeing treatment process and the dyeing process mentioned above, respectively.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for dyeing a material, comprising (a) treating the material with a dyeing system which comprises one or more reduced vat dyes and/or one or more reduced sulfur dyes; and (b) oxidizing the one or more reduced vat dyes or one or more reduced sulfur dyes adsorbed onto the treated material with an oxidation system comprising (i) an oxygen source and one or more enzymes exhibiting oxidase activity or (ii) a hydrogen peroxide source and one or more enzymes exhibiting peroxidase activity, to convert the one or more reduced dyes to their original oxidized insoluble colored forms; wherein the material is a fabric, yarn, fiber, garment or film made of cotton, diacetate, flax, fur, hide, leather, linen, lyocel, polyacrylic, polyamide, polyester, ramie, rayon, silk, tencel, triacetate, viscose or wool.

Abstract: Storage-stable liquid brightener formulations essentially comprise a basic optical brightener, an aprotic polar organic solvent and an acid.

Abstract: Improved compositions for dyeing or printing textile materials of natural or synthetic fibers or mixtures of the two comprise polyaspartic acid or a derivative thereof and, if appropriate, wetting agents, emulsifiers, leveling agents, dispersing agents, reducing agents, oxidizing agents, solubilizing agents, defoamers, reist agents, pH regulators, complexing agents or several of these as further components.

Abstract: Vat dye mixtures comprising at least two structurally different dyes which have the formula ##STR1## in which X is phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkoxy or halogen; morpholino; or the radical --SR.sub.3 ; R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently of one another are each hydrogen or the radical --NHCO--C.sub.6 H.sub.5, and R.sub.3 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, or phenyl which is unsubstituted or substituted by C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl or halogen, which are suitable for dyeing cellulosic fiber materials and give dyeings with good allround properties, are described.

Abstract: 4,5-Dihydro-1H-1,2,3-triazolium compounds of the formula (I) ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 independently of one another denote C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 -aryl or a heterocyclic radical having up to 3 rings and up to 4 heteroatoms from the series consisting of O, S and N,R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 independently of one another denote hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.12 -alkyl, C.sub.2 -C.sub.12 -alkenyl, C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl, C.sub.7 -C.sub.17 -aralkyl, C.sub.6 -C.sub.14 -aryl or nitrile orR.sup.3 and R.sup.4 together denote a 2- to 5-membered C bridge, which can optionally be interrupted by up to two oxygen and/or nitrogen atoms, andX.sup.- denotes an anion,wherein all the alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl and aryl radicals and fused and heterocyclic radicals present can optionally be substituted by nonionic substituents, carboxyl groups, ammonium groups and/or pyridinium groups, are used as dyestuffs.New 4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,3-triazolium compounds correspond to the formula (I), with the provisos that if R.sup.

Abstract: Biodegradable quaternaries of amidoamines are disclosed for use as dye leveler compounds in the basic dyeing of acrylic and other fibers. The quaternary compounds of the invention have leveling activity equivalent to benzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride, but with much higher biodegradability, and generate low foam.

Abstract: There has been found1) a method for reducing the toxicity of spent liquors from dyeing with cationic dyes or mixtures thereof, characterized by the step of dyeing with cationic dyes having a computed electrostatic shielding energy (idealized hydration energy) of .gtoreq.50 kcal/mol,2) cationic, generally low toxicity dyes, their preparation and use for dyeing.

Abstract: Process for dyeing or printing organic material, in particular fibre material which comprises applying dyes containing no polymerizable double bond together with at least one colorless cationic compound containing at least one polymerizable double bond and, if desired, one or more colorless nonionic compounds containing at least one polymerizable double bond and, if desired, further auxiliaries to the fibre material and then fixing them by means of ionizing radiation, or applying dyes containing no polymerizable double bond together with at least one colorless cationic compound containing one polymerizable double bond, and if desired, one or more colorless nonionic compounds containing at least one polymerizable double bond and at least one photoinitiator and also, if desired, further auxiliaries to the fibre material and then fixing them by means of UV light.

Abstract: There are described dyes of the formula ##STR1## where the ring A may be benzofused, R.sup.1 is substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.13 -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkanoyl, substituted or unsubstituted benzoyl, substituted C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkanoyl, or substituted diaminotriazinyl,R.sup.2 is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 together with the nitrogen atom joining them together are a heterocyclic radical,R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 are each substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.13 -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 -cycloalkyl or substituted or unsubstituted piperidinyl and R.sup.3 may also be hydrogen,R.sup.5 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 -alkanoylamino, halogen, nitro, cyano, substituted or unsubstituted phenylazo, C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkanoylamino substituted by a quaternizable or quaternary group, or C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkoxy, C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 -alkoxycarbonyl or C.sub.2 -C.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of an acrylamide homopolymer or copolymer in an amount of <0.04 g per liter of dye liquor as anticrease agent in exhaust dyeing processes.

Abstract: A process for dyeing textile fiber materials with water-soluble dyestuffs, in particular anionic dyestuffs, and of these in particular those having a fiber-reactive group, in which the dyeing is carried out using low-electrolyte or entirely electrolyte-free and/or low-alkali or entirely alkali-free dye liquors or printing pastes and a fiber material which has been modified with a silane compound containing amino groups is used as the textile material. The fiber material is modified by applying the silane compound containing amino groups to the material in aqueous solution and subjecting the impregnated material to a heat treatment. Novel silane compounds which contain a secondary amino group and can likewise be employed for the purpose mentioned are furthermore described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for fixing dyes on organic material, which comprises fixing dyes containing at least one polymerizable double bond or at least one polymerizable ring system, excluding water-soluble dyes which carry acrylamido or methacrylamido groups, together with at least one substantially colorless compound which contains at least one polymerizable double bond, by subjecting said organic material, which has a residual moisture content of less than 20%, based on the treated material, to ionizing radiation.

Abstract: The new cationic triazatrimethine dyestuffs of the formula ##STR1## wherein the substituents B, Z, R.sup.2 and An.sup..crclbar. have the meaning given in the description, are suitable for dyeing and printing naturally occurring and synthetic materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for fixing dyes which contain at least one polymerisable double bond and/or at least one polymerisable ring system on moist fibre material using ionising radiation together with at least one colorless compound which contains at least one polymerisable double bond, but not N-C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylolacrylamide or N,N-di(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkylol)acrylamide.

Abstract: Process to dye polyacrylonitrile in blue shades with cationic dye compounds: substituted benzothiazolium azo N-alkyl-N-hydroxyalkyl alkyl-aniline salts.

Abstract: A composition and method for treating fibers is based on an organopolysiloxane having at least one cyclohexylamino-substituted hydrocarbon radical directly bonded to a silicon atom. The composition and method provide non-yellowing fibers and a treatment agent that does not gel during use, such as when exposed to carbon dioxide and/or used to treat carbon fibers.

Abstract: Process for improving the dyeability of woven or non-woven textiles by treating them with an aqueous dispersion of polyurethanes containing in the macromolecule randomly distributed cationic groups, such as ammonium, in quantity between 15 and 100 milliequivalents for 100 grams of dry polyurethane, said treatment being carried out before dyeing.

Abstract: A process for redyeing partially bleached fabric or garments to yield sharply-etched multicolored designs comprises the steps of:(a) dyeing the fabric, or purchasing a commercial garment, with a background first color;(b) gathering selected areas of the dyed fabric with ligatures to restrict access of further reagents;(c) bleaching the gathered background dyed to remove the first color from the areas outside the gathered areas; and(d) redyeing the bleached areas with a second color,whereby sharply defined multicolored patterns are formed having from about 0.2 mm to about 2 mm of white gap between each color.

Abstract: Improved sulfur dye dispersions are obtained by subjecting an aqueous suspension of oxidized sulfur dye particles to membrane separation. The oxidized sulfur dye is obtained by controlled aeration whereby the content of sulfides, polysulfur and inorganic salts is significantly decreased.

Abstract: Concentrated solutions of cationic dyes are prepared by treating the cationic dyes, which contain as the counterions the anions customarily present during their preparation, with alkali metal salts of monocarboxylic acids and with or without complexing agents in an aqueous glycol ether medium, and separating off the organic phase, which contains the dyes in the form of their monocarboxylic acid salts.

Abstract: A mixed fabric of hydroxy group-containing fibers and cyano and/or carboxy group-containing fibers, the hydroxy group-containing fibers having been dyed with a reactive dye, is aftertreated with a product of reacting a mono- or polyfunctional amine having one or more primary, secondary and/or tertiary amino groups with cyanamide, dicyandiamide guanidine or bis-guanidine, said product containing at least one reactive hydrogen atom linked to a nitrogen atom, and is then dyed with a basic dye.

Abstract: A textile substrate is dyed by immersing it in a gathered configuration into an oil medium containing a dissolved or dispersed dye for a sufficient time to allow the oil medium to come into contact with part but not all of the surface of the substrate and the thus-treated substrate is then preferably immersed in an aqueous medium having another dye dissolved or dispersed therein.

Abstract: Flock is prepared by introducing a flockmaking tow into a sleeve, subjecting it in this form to at least one treatment bath, then removing it from the sleeve and subsequently cutting it into flock.

Abstract: Dyeing or finishing process characterized in that textile materials are impregnated in a padding machine with aqueous dyeing or finishing baths which contain, besides graft polymers, which may be obtained from a product of addition of an alkylene oxide to an at least trivalent aliphatic alcohol containing from 3 to 10 carbon atoms and methacrylamide or acrylamide, and in that the fixing of the dyes or of the finish is then performed continuously by a treatment with microwaves for 5 to 30 seconds.The process permits an excess water input on all the textile materials and a rapid fixing by the microwaves.

Abstract: Cationic diazacyanine dyestuffs of the formula ##STR1## and their mixtures with the isomeric dyestuffs of the formula ##STR2## wherein R represents methyl or ethyl andX.sup.- represents a colorless anion, are suitable for dyeing polyacrylonitrile and, in particular, polyacrylonitrile-wool mixtures.

Abstract: The present invention provides a non-aqueous process for the dyeing of a dyeable material at an elevated temperature by contacting a dyeable material with a dye composition at an elevated temperature in a non-reactive environment. The dye composition temperature and the time of contact between the dye composition and the dyeable material are sufficient to effectuate the dyeing of the material. The dye composition comprises a substantially non-aqueous solvent and a dyestuff.

Abstract: Novel reactive colorants being the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are selected from halogen, carboxylic acid, alkanoyl, aryloyl, carbocyclic forming polymethylene chains, alkyl, aryl, cyano, thioalkyl, dithioalkyl, thioaryl, dithioaryl, thiocyano, carboxyalkyl, carboxyaryl, amidoalkyl, amidodialkyl, amidoaryl, amidodiaryl, oxyalkyl, thioamidoalkyl, thioamidodialkyl, or hydrogen when an adjacent group is isobutyryl; R.sub.4, R.sub.5, R.sub.6 and R.sub.7 are selected from hydrogen, alkyl, oxyalkyl, oxyaryl, sulfonamidoalkyl, sulfonamidoaryl, amidoalkyl, amidodialkyl, amidoaryl, amidodiaryl, halogen, thioalkyl and thioaryl; and R.sub.8 and R.sub.9 are selected from polyalkylene oxide, copolymers of polyalkylene oxides, and hydroxyalkylenes.

Abstract: Cationic cellulose graft copolymers obtained by the graft polymerization of a cellulose substrate and a cationic monomer are useful as textile treatment agents, especially as dye enchancers. As pretreatment agents, they improve dye yield, dye levelness and dye fastness properties and as after-treatment agents, they improve dye fastness and crock resistance properties.

Abstract: Dye salts of a mono- or polycationic dye where the anion conforms to a general formula (1) or (2)[Me (XCN).sub.4 ].sup.2(-) (1)[Me (SCN).sub.6 ].sup.n(-) (2)in whichMe in the formula (1) is the divalent zinc cation, the divalent iron cation, the divalent cobalt cation, the divalent tin cation or the divalent copper cation, andMe in the formula (2) stands for the divalent iron cation, the divalent nickel cation or the trivalent iron cation,X stands for an oxygen or sulfur atom andn depending on the valency of the corresponding metal cation, denotes the number 4 or 3.The novel dye salts can be obtained for example from aqueous solution or suspension by reacting the corresponding cationic dye which has a customary anion with a metal cation Me donor compound and an alkali metal thiocyanate or cyanate, alkaline earth metal thiocyanate or cyanate or ammonium thiocyanate or cyanate. They are used in particular in the spin-dyeing of acid-modified polyacrylonitrile and copolymers thereof.

Abstract: A waterless dye composition for apparel and other articles, made from thermoplastic materials, comprises an aliphatic polyester of a higher alkanoic acid and a polyol, of the formula (ACOO).sub.2-6 B, wherein A is alkyl of 8-22 carbon atoms and B is the residue of a polyhydric alcohol, other than glycerol, of 2-6 hydroxyl groups and an organic colorant. The compositions can further comprise an aromatic polyester of the formula C.sub.6 H.sub.z' --COOR.sub.1).sub.z, wherein z is 3, 4, 5, or 6; z' is 6-z; and R.sub.1 is higher alkyl; and/or a cycloaliphatic diester of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is substituted or unsubstituted straight or branched chain alkyl of 4-20 carbon atoms, polyoxyalkylene of the formula HO(C.sub.x H.sub.y O).sub.n C.sub.x H.sub.y --or phosphated polyoxyalkylene of the formula (HO).sub.2 P(.dbd.O)O(C.sub.x H.sub.2x O).sub.n C.sub.x H.sub.2x or a salt thereof, wherein (C.sub.x H.sub.2x O).sub.n is (CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n, (C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.n or (CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.p (C.

Abstract: Polymeric compounds (A) obtained by the reaction of epihalo-hydrin with a polyalkylene polyamine are useful as textile treatment agents. As pretreatment agents they improve the color yield of the subsequent dyeing, as aftertreatment agents they improve fastness properties. Certain of the products (A) are novel.

Abstract: Water-soluble or water-dispersible graft polymers comprising i) as main chain, (1) a condensate of (A) (1) an aliphatic monoalcohol of 6 to 22 carbon atoms or (2) a fatty acid of 8 to 22 carbon atoms with (B) the reaction product of (a) an adduct of propylene adduct with at least trihydric aliphatic alcohol of 3 to 10 carbon atoms, (b) an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid of 4 to 10 carbon atoms, or an anhydride thereof, and (c) an aliphatic diol having an average molecular weight of not more than 1800 and ii) grafted ethylenically unsaturated polymerisable monomers, preferably acrylic acid or acrylamide, in the form of side chains at individual carbon atoms of said condensate.These graft polymers are particularly suitable for use as anticrease agents for dyeing, whitening, bleaching or washing textile materials, e.g. textiles containing cellulosic fibres, natural or synthetic polyamide fibres, polyacrylonitrile fibres or, in particular, for dyeing or whitening cotton or polyester fibres.

Abstract: Water-soluble or water-dispersible graft polymers which comprise (a) as main chain, a polyalkylene glycol, in particular polyethylene glycol, which is esterified at the two terminal hydroxyl groups with a long chain fatty acid of 8 to 26, preferably 10 to 22, carbon atoms, and (b) grafted ethylenically unsaturated monomers, preferably acrylic acid or acrylamide, in the form of side chains at individual carbon atoms of the polyalkylene glycol chain.These graft polymers are particularly suitable for use as anticrease agents for dyeing, whitening, bleaching or washing textile materials, e.g. textiles containing cellulosic fibres, natural or synthetic polyamide fibres, polyacrylonitrile fibres or, in particular, for dyeing or whitening cotton or polyester fibres.

Abstract: A method for textile printing is provided which comprises a step (X) of depositing an aqueous ink containing a dye on cloth by an ink jet process and, optionally a step (Y) of fixing the dye, the step (X) being carried out after depositing an acceptor for the ink on the cloth. The dye may be a disperse dye, and the cloth may comprise synthetic and/or semi-synthetic fibers as a main component.

Abstract: Textile substrates are impregnated with a aqueous disperison of a fine crystalline wax containing carboxy and carboxylic acid ester groups, a paraffin wax and a non-ionic emulsifier, optionally together with an optical brightener and/or a resin finish, and then submitted to a heat treatment. The treated textile substrates have improved sewability.

Abstract: A waterless dip dye composition for non-textile and general-utility articles comprises an aromatic ester of the formula ArCOOR.sub.2, ArCOO--R.sub.1 --OOCAr or (ArCOO).sub.z --R.sub.3, wherein R.sub.1 is alkylene of 2-8 carbon atoms or polyoxyalkylene of the formula --C.sub.r H.sub.2r (OC.sub.r H.sub.2r).sub.s, in which r is 2 or 3 and s is 1 to 15; R.sub.2 is substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkenyl of 8-30 carbon atoms; R.sub.3 is the residue of a polyhydric alcohol having z hydroxyl groups; Ar is substituted or unsubstituted mono- or bicyclic aryl of up to 15 carbon atoms and z is 3-6, admixed with at least 0.5% by weight of a dyeing assistant agent and an organic colorant.A process for coloring non-textile and general-utility articles, fabricated from polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, acrylic, halogenated polyolefin or epoxy plastic, comprises exposing an article to the foregoing compositions, maintained at a temperature from about 100.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the exhaust dyeing with a reactive dyestuff of a textile material comprising cellulosic fibres, which process comprises the step of adding to the dyebath containing the reactive dyestuff, simultaneously the salt and the alkali in specified quantities metered per unit time so as to give a substantially linear exhaustion of the dyebath.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for exhaust dyeing a textile fibre substrate to obtain level dyeings, which process comprises the step of adding to the dyebath the effective amount of dyestuff or electrolyte or dyestuff and electrolyte either simultaneously or one after the other in specified quantities per cycle of the dyeing machine, metered according to a mathematical function.

Abstract: Improvement of a process for spin-dyeing acid-modified polymers or copolymers of acrylonitrile in which cationic quaternary dyestuffs are added to the spinning mass and spun according to the wet-spinning procedure. The improvement is characterized by using dyestuffs characterized by a migration factor M of 20 or less than 20, by a combination index K of less than 2.5 and a cation weight of more than 310. Migration factor M and combination index K are known values in the dyestuff field or can be determined. The dyestuff to be used according to the invention can belong to the most different classes of dyestuffs; they fix rapidly on the polymer, and thus they do not color, or color only to a minor extent, the coagulation, stretching and washing baths although they are soluble in water and aqueous solutions of these baths.

Abstract: Polymeric compounds (A) obtained by the reaction of epihalohydrin with a polyalkylene polyamine are useful as textile treatment agents. As pretreatment agents they improve the color yield of the subsequent dyeing, as aftertreatment agents they improve fastness properties. Certain of the products (A) are novel.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with a method of producing in-line dyed fibers, in a gel state, characterized in that it essentially consists of extruding the spinning dope in a coagulum bath, stretching the resulting filaments, scrubbing said filaments to remove residual solvent, passing the resulting filament tow through a dyeing bath at an overall rate in excess of 4 cm.sup.3 bath per second per square centimeter of tow surface area. The overall rate, being preferably in the 4 to 10 cm.sup.3 /sec per cm.sup.2 range, is achieved by means of crossflows to the forward advance direction of said tow, and alternately directed to and from said tow, the tow residence time in the dyeing bath being no longer than 5 seconds. The tow is then subjected to a dye fixing heat treatment, and is then scrubbed, finished, and dried. The method is particularly suitable for use with substantially acrylic and modacrylic fibers.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for heat treating textile substrates wherein a substrate may be dyed in pattern configuration and, optionally, thermally modified to produce visual surface effects in the pattern areas in perfect registry. Dye is applied to the textile substrate, and optionally dried, without being fixed. Heat is selectively applied in pattern configuration to the substrate. The heat is sufficient to fix the dye in pattern configuration, at a pre-determined level of fixation, and may also be sufficient to cause thermal shrinkage or other thermally-induced physical modification to the substrate, also in pattern configuration. Unfixed dye may then be removed, leaving a pattern-dyed substrate which, optionally, may have physically modified areas in perfect registry. A mixture of dyes having different fixation energy levels may be used for multiple color effects.

Abstract: Textile products comprising a cellulosic substrate are colored with two or more dyes which differ in their respective resistance to chlorine bleaches. The initial color of the textile is determined by the combined effect of the dyes. Thereafter, textile products which may be in the form of garments, bed linens, draperies, or yard goods, are treated with an aqueous solution of bleach to decolorize, to a pre-determined degree, one or more of the dyes, to thereby change the color of the textiles.

Abstract: A waterless dye composition for apparel and other thermoplastic articles comprises a triglyceride fat or oil of the formula ##STR1## wherein acyl, acyl' and acyl" each are saturated or unsaturated substituted or unsubstituted linear alkanoyl of an even number of carbon atoms from 10-30 carbon atoms and an organic colorant.The composition can further contain one or more of:A. an aromatic polyester of the formula C.sub.6 H.sub.z' -(COOR.sub.1).sub.z, wherein z is 3, 4,5, or 6; z' is 6-z and R.sub.1 is higher alkyl;B. a cycloaliphatic diester of the formula ##STR2## wherein R is substituted or unsubstituted straight or branched chain alkyl of 4-20 carbon atoms, polyoxyalkylene of the formula HO(C.sub.x H.sub.y O).sub.n C.sub.x H.sub.y --or phosphated polyoxyalkylene of the formula(HO).sub.2 P(.dbd.O)O(C.sub.x H.sub.2x O).sub.n C.sub.x H.sub.2xor a salt thereof, wherein (C.sub.x H.sub.2x O).sub.n is (CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.n, (C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.n or (CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O).sub.p --(C.sub.3 H.sub.6 O).sub.

Abstract: Novel quaternary alkoxyalkylammonium compounds of the formula 1 ##STR1## in which R denotes C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 --, preferably C.sub.12 -C.sub.18 --, alkyl or C.sub.8 -C.sub.20 --, preferably C.sub.12 -C.sub.18 --, alkenyl, R.sub.1, R'.sub.1 and R".sub.1, which can be identical or different, denote methyl, ethyl or benzyl and at least one of the radicals R.sub.1, R'.sub.1 and R".sub.1 denotes a group of the formula --(C.sub.S H.sub.2S O).sub.x H,R.sub.2 and R.sub.3, which can be identical or different, denote methyl, ethyl or benzyl,a denotes 0 or 1, b denotes 0 or 1, of which either a or b has to be=1, m denotes 0 or 1, n denotes 2 or 3, p denotes 1, 2 or 3, S denotes 2 or 3, x denotes 1, 2, 3 or 4, and A denotes a halide, methosulfate, ethosulfate or methophosphate ion. These compounds are used as retarders and leveling agents in the dyeing of polyacrylonitrile and acid-modified polyester fibers.