Abstract: Process for detecting and identifying micropeptides (miPEPs) encoded by a nucleotide sequence contained in the sequence of the primary transcript of a microRNA and use thereof for modulating gene expression.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for improving a tolerance to drought and oxidative stress of a plant, a plant transformed with the composition, a method for preparing a plant transformed with the composition, a method for improving a tolerance to a drought and oxidative stress and a composition and method for a germination rate of a plant. The nucleotide sequences of the present invention are involved in the drought and oxidative stress-tolerance and germination capacity, therefore may be effectively used for cultivating the plants with enhanced tolerance against abiotic stress or novel function of rapid growing or bolting.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a novel and extensive analytical platform for selecting genes with a possible commercial phenotype from a large group of candidate genes identified using tools in bioinformatics, data from EST sequencing and DNA array. An aspect of the invention provides a method of producing a transgenic plant having an increased growth compared to its wild type. The method comprises altering in the plant the level of a gene product of at least one gene specifically expressed during different phases of wood formation. Further aspects of the invention provide a plant cell or plant progeny of a transgenic plant comprising a recombinant polynucleotide according to the invention. Other aspects pertain a DNA construct comprising a nucleotide sequence of the invention and a plant cell or plant progeny comprising the DNA construct.

Abstract: A method to generate siRNAs in vivo is described, as are constructs and compositions useful in the method. The method does not depend on the use of DNA or synthetic constructs that contain inverted duplications or dual promoters so as to form perfect or largely double-stranded RNA. Rather, the method depends on constructs that yield single-stranded RNA transcripts, and exploits endogenous or in vivo-produced miRNAs or siRNAs to initiate production of siRNAs. The miRNAs or siRNAs guide cleavage of the transcript and set the register for production of siRNAs (usually 21 nucleotides in length) encoded adjacent to the initiation cleavage site within the construct. The method results in specific formation of siRNAs of predictable size and register (phase) relative to the initiation cleavage site. The method can be used to produce specific siRNAs in vivo for inactivation or suppression of one or more target genes or other entities, such as pathogens.

Abstract: This disclosure concerns nucleic acid molecules and methods of use thereof for control of coleopteran pests through RNA interference-mediated inhibition of target coding and transcribed non-coding sequences in coleopteran pests. The disclosure also concerns methods for making transgenic plants that express nucleic acid molecules useful for the control of coleopteran pests, and the plant cells and plants obtained thereby.

Abstract: This disclosure provides purified nucleic acids and polypeptides. Also provided are transgenic plants, seeds, and plant cells containing DNA for expression of the proteins that are useful for imparting enhanced agronomic trait(s) to transgenic crop plants, methods of making such plants and methods of making agricultural commodity including seeds and hybrid seeds from such plants.

Abstract: The present invention provides molecular constructs and methods for use thereof, including constructs including heterologous miRNA recognition sites, constructs for gene suppression including a gene suppression element embedded within an intron flanked on one or on both sides by non-protein-coding sequence, constructs containing engineered miRNA or miRNA precursors, and constructs for suppression of production of mature microRNA in a cell. Also provided are transgenic plant cells, plants, and seeds containing such constructs, and methods for their use. The invention further provides transgenic plant cells, plants, and seeds containing recombinant DNA for the ligand-controlled expression of a target sequence, which may be endogenous or exogenous. Also disclosed are novel miRNAs and miRNA precursors from crop plants including maize and soy.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are viral vectors based on modifications of the Citrus Tristeza virus useful for transfecting citrus trees for beneficial purposes. Included in the disclosure are viral vectors including one or more gene cassettes that encode heterologous polypeptide s. The gene cassettes are positioned at desirable locations on the viral genome so as to enable expression while preserving functionality of the virus. Also disclosed are methods of transfecting plants and plants transfected with viral vector embodiments.

Abstract: Methods and means for producing xylan structures in plants having a non-native saccharide moiety substitution side chain component, plants and plant cells comprising modified xylan structures, methods of identifying mutant plants comprising xylan structures in plants having a non-native saccharide moiety substitution pattern side chain component, uses thereof, and isolated xylan structures and uses thereof.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for reducing the level of gossypol in cottonseed. The method generally includes selectively inducing RNA gene silencing in the seed of a transgenic cotton plant, to interfere with expression of the ?-cadinene synthase gene or the ?-cadinene-8-hydroxylase gene in the seed of the cotton plant without substantially affecting expression of that gene in the foliage, floral parts, and roots of the plant. The transgenic cotton plant comprises at least one of a ?-cadinene synthase gene trigger sequence and/or a ?-cadinene-8-hydroxylase gene trigger sequence operably linked to one or more a seed-specific promoter gene sequences, and the trigger sequence(s) is/are able to induce RNA gene silencing when expressed in cottonseed of the plant.

Abstract: Two genes, A622 and NBB1, can be influenced to achieve a decrease of nicotinic alkaloid levels in plants. In particular, suppression of one or both of A622 and NBB1 may be used to decrease nicotine in tobacco plants.

Abstract: Nucleic acid molecules and methods of use thereof for control of coleopteran pests through RNA interference-mediated inhibition of target coding and transcribed non-coding sequences in coleopteran pests are disclosed. Methods for making transgenic plants that express nucleic acid molecules useful for the control of coleopteran pests, and the plant cells and plants obtained thereby are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides isolated polynucleotide sequences encoding ?-D-N-acetylhexosaminidase. The present invention further provides DNA construct comprising the polynucleotide sequence coding for ?-D-N-acetylhexosaminidase in sense or antisense orientation, RNAi construct, recombinant vector comprising the construct and host cells comprising the recombinant vector disclosed in the present invention. The present invention further provides transgenic plant, plant cell, transgenic progeny and seeds expressing the polynucleotide with reduced ?-D-N-acetylhexosaminidase protein accumulation, having enhanced fruit shelf life.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for improving plant yield, particularly under nitrogen limiting conditions. According to the invention, applicants have discovered that modulating ACC synthase activity in plants improves yield of plants, even when grown under low nitrogen conditions. The same plants, while demonstrating improved yield over non-modified plants, exhibited no deleterious effects under normal nitrogen conditions. The invention further provides methods using recombinant expression cassettes, host cells and transgenic plants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of RNA-mediated gene silencing in insect species. The present invention is based, in part, on the inventors' sequencing of genes from eucalyptus invasive species Gb pest, Glycaspis brimblecombei. In certain aspects, the invention provides Gb nucleic acids, derivatives thereof and the use of such nucleic acids and derivatives as Gb control agents.

Abstract: Methods and compositions useful in target sequence suppression and target sequence validation are described. Polynucleotide constructs useful for gene silencing, as well as cells, plants and seeds comprising the polynucleotides and a method for using microRNAs to silence a target sequence are also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides means and methods for simple and efficient introduction of foreign genetic material into the plant cell. Particularly, the present invention combines seed priming and virus-based DNA constructs for efficient introduction of heterologous DNA into plants.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and compositions useful in target sequence suppression, target sequence validation and target sequence down regulation. The invention provides polynucleotide constructs useful for gene silencing or RNA down regulation, as well as cells, plants and seeds comprising the polynucleotides. The invention also provides a method for using microRNA to silence a target sequence or to down regulate RNA.

Abstract: Pairs of plants are provided in which complementing constructs result in suppression of a parental phenotype in the progeny. Methods to generate and maintain such plants and methods of use of said plants, are provided, including use of parental plants to produce sterile plants for hybrid seed production. Also provided are methods for maintaining a homozygous recessive condition and for repressing transmission of transgenes.

Abstract: The present invention provides isolated polynucleotide sequences encoding ?-mannosidase. The present invention further provides DNA constructs comprising the polynucleotide sequence coding for ?-mannosidase in sense or anti-sense orientation, RNAi constructs, recombinant vectors comprising the constructs, and host cells comprising the recombinant vector. The present invention further provides transgenic plants, plant cells, transgenic progeny and seeds expressing the polynucleotide with reduced ?-mannosidase protein accumulation, having enhanced fruit shelf life.

Abstract: By a QTL analysis and so forth using 4-HPPD inhibitor-susceptible rice and 4-HPPD inhibitor-resistant rice, a hypothetical gene (HIS1 gene) of an iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase gene located on a short arm of chromosome 2 of rice has been identified as a 4-HPPD inhibitor-resistance gene. Further, it has also been revealed that a homologous gene (HSL1 gene) of the HIS1 gene is located on chromosome 6 of rice. Furthermore, it has been found out that utilizations of these genes make it possible to efficiently produce a plant having increased resistance or susceptibility to a 4-HPPD inhibitor and to efficiently determine whether a plant has resistance or susceptibility to a 4-HPPD inhibitor.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to controlling pest infestation by inhibiting one or more biological functions in an invertebrate pest. The invention discloses methods and compositions for use in controlling pest infestation by feeding one or more different recombinant double stranded RNA molecules to the pest in order to achieve a reduction in pest infestation through suppression of gene expression. The invention is also directed to methods for making transgenic plants that express the double stranded RNA molecules, and to particular combinations of transgenic pesticidal agents for use in protecting plants from pest infestation.

Abstract: This invention discloses novel microRNAs and their precursors, and recombinant DNA constructs including such novel miRNAs, miRNA precursors, miRNA promoters, and miRNA recognition sites corresponding to the miRNAs. Included are novel miRNA and miRNA precursors that exhibit nutrient-responsive expression. Also disclosed are miRNA decoy sequences. Further provided are non-natural transgenic plant cells, plants, and seeds containing in their genome a recombinant DNA construct of this invention and methods of controlling gene expression using recombinant DNA constructs of this invention.

Abstract: Isolated nucleic acid fragments comprising precursor miRNAs, and artificial miRNAs and their use in down-regulating gene expression are described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing fertility-lowered plant. The present invention provides an RNA interference vector and a method for obtaining a transgenic plant by introducing said RNA interference vector into a target plant; said transgenic plant is the following 1) or 2): 1) Sterile transgenic plant or 2) The fertility of said transgenic plant is lower than said target plant; the present invention also provides a method for cultivating a target plant to a sterile mutant or fertility-lowered mutant by sodium azide mutagenesis. The experiments of the present invention proved that the present invention provides various methods for preparing sterile lines or fertility-lowered lines; including RNA interference or TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes) technology selection; sterile lines prepared by the methods of the present invention establish the basis of rice heterosis and crossbreeding.

Abstract: Two genes, A622 and NBB1, can be influenced to achieve a decrease of nicotinic alkaloid levels in plants. In particular, suppression of one or both of A622 and NBB1 may be used to decrease nicotine in tobacco plants.

Abstract: Pairs of plants are provided in which complementing constructs result in suppression of a parental phenotype in the progeny. Methods to generate and maintain such plants and methods of use of said plants, are provided, including use of parental plants to produce sterile plants for hybrid seed production. Also provided are methods for maintaining a homozygous recessive condition and for repressing transmission of transgenes.

Abstract: The invention provides Nicotiana benthamiana mutant plants which are incapable of forming xylosyl-structures on glycoproteins. In addition, the invention provides methods for the production of heterologous glycoproteins in said mutant plants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for generating or increasing resistance to at least one fungi, in particular soy bean rust, in a plant or a part of a plant by the expression of RNA which is at least partial complementary and/or identical to the STM1-gene, wherein the RNA is capable to provide ds-RNA and/or siRNA and/or miRNA. Moreover, the invention relates to respective plants, parts thereof and vector constructs capable to provide such RNA and the use of such vector constructs to provide fungal resistant plants.

Abstract: A potato cultivar designated ‘FL 2312’ is disclosed. The invention relates to tubers and seeds of potato cultivar ‘FL 2312’, to plants of potato cultivar ‘FL 2312’, to plant parts of potato cultivar ‘FL 2312’ and to methods for producing progeny of potato cultivar ‘FL 2312’. The invention relates to methods for producing a potato plant containing in its genome one or more transgenes and to the transgenic potato plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention relates to potato cultivars or breeding cultivars and plant parts derived from potato variety ‘FL 2312’, to methods for producing other potato cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from potato cultivar ‘FL 2312’ and to potato plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid potato tubers, seeds, plants and plant parts produced by crossing potato cultivar ‘FL 2312’ with another potato cultivar.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to promoter sequences and promoter control elements, polynucleotide constructs comprising the promoters and control elements, and methods of identifying the promoters, control elements, or fragments thereof. The invention further relates to the use of the present promoters or promoter control elements to modulate transcript levels in plants, and plants containing such promoters or promoter control elements.

Abstract: Disclosed are isolated polynucleotides expressing or modulating microRNAs or targets. Further disclosed are transgenic plants comprising an isolated polynucleotide expressing or modulating microRNAs or target for improving nitrogen use efficiency, abiotic stress tolerance, biomass, vigor or yield of a plant. The sequences of microRNAs and targets to be modulated are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of functional analysis of Jatropha genes on a genomic scale. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for high-throughtput functional analysis of Jatropha curcas genes on a genomic scale using virus-induced gene silencing. The method involves use of the tobacco rattle virus (TRV).

Abstract: The specification relates to plants and their seeds and oil obtained therefrom, and to methods of producing same comprising oil having modified fatty acid compositions, such that 28% to 80% of the total fatty acid content in the seedoil is palmitic acid, 0% to 16% is palmitoleic acid, 0% to 4% is C16:2 fatty acid, 3% to 33% is stearic acid, 1% to 40% is oleic acid, 4% to 50% is linoleic acid and 0% to 10% is linolenic acid. The specification describes nucleic acid molecules encoding RNA capable of conferring these properties, in particular, RNA that inhibits expression of an oil biosynthesis gene encoding KASII in seeds of a plant. Genetic constructs and cells comprising the nucleic acid molecules are also described and claimed.

Abstract: The present invention discloses gene targets, constructs and methods for the genetic control of plant disease caused by nematodes of the genus Pratylenchus (root lesion nematodes). The present invention relates to achieving a plant protective effect through the identification of target coding sequences and the use of recombinant DNA technologies for post-transcriptionally repressing or inhibiting expression of the target coding sequences in the cells of plant-parasitic nematodes. The disclosed gene targets are conserved and expected to be essential and sensitive to RNAi perturbation in different Pratylenchus species, facilitating genus-wide targeting by RNA interference.

Abstract: This invention relates to a nucleic acid construct. The construct includes a nucleic acid molecule configured to silence Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV), a 5? DNA promoter sequence, and a 3? terminator sequence. The nucleic acid molecule, the promoter, and the terminator are operatively coupled to permit transcription of the nucleic acid molecule. The present invention also relates to expression vectors, host cells, and transgenic plants containing the nucleic acid construct of the present invention. Also disclosed are methods of imparting BBTV resistance to plants.

Abstract: The present invention discloses gene targets, constructs and methods for the genetic control of plant disease caused by nematodes of the genus Meloidogyne (root knot nematodes). The present invention relates to achieving a plant protective effect through the identification of target coding sequences and the use of recombinant DNA technologies for post-transcriptionally repressing or inhibiting expression of the target coding sequences in the cells of plant-parasitic nematodes. The disclosed gene targets show significant conservation at the nucleotide level between orthologs from different Meloidogyne species, facilitating genus-wide targeting by RNA interference.

Abstract: This invention provides Methods of conveniently controlling seed germination in genetically modified plants by the administration of a chemical modulator. The plant comprises a hormone-regulating gene placed under the control of a gene switch.

Abstract: A method for improving insect resistance of plants, in which dsRNA of insect's gene is expressed in plants by using transgenic technique, and then the interfering RNAs are formed in the plants. The interfering RNAs then enter into insects' bodies after being ingested by the insect that eats the plant, and conduct RNA interference against the target gene, thereby expression of the target gene is suppressed by RNA interference. A new plant-mediated method for improving insect resistance by suppressing the growth of insects by RNA interference mechanism.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods that may be used to improve or modify nutrient sensing, absorption, metabolism, root growth, stomatal conductance, N use efficiency, C and N metabolism, plant biomass production and seed yield. More specifically, this invention is related to the glutamate receptors (GLRs) and their role(s) in nutrient sensing, metabolism, regulation of growth, development, and yield.

Abstract: A potato cultivar designated J55 is disclosed. The invention relates to tubers of potato cultivar J55, to seeds of potato cultivar J55, to plants and plant parts of potato cultivar J55, to food products produced from potato cultivar J55, and to methods for producing a potato plant by crossing potato cultivar J55 with itself or with another potato variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a transgenic potato plant and to the transgenic potato plants and parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to potato plants and plant parts derived from potato cultivar J55, to methods for producing other potato plants or plant parts derived from potato cultivar J55 and to the potato plants and their parts derived from use of those methods. The invention further relates to hybrid potato tubers, seeds, plants and plant parts produced by crossing potato cultivar J55 with another potato cultivar.

Abstract: A potato cultivar designated W8 is disclosed. The invention relates to the tubers of potato cultivar W8, to the seeds of potato cultivar W8, to the plants of potato W8, to the plant parts of potato cultivar W8, to food products produced from potato cultivar W8, and to methods for producing a potato plant produced by crossing potato cultivar W8 with itself or with another potato variety. The invention also relates to methods for producing a potato plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic potato plants and plant parts produced by those methods. This invention also relates to potato cultivars or breeding cultivars and plant parts derived from potato variety W8, to methods for producing other potato cultivars, lines or plant parts derived from potato cultivar W8 and to the potato plants, varieties, and their parts derived from use of those methods.

Abstract: This invention provides molecular constructs and methods for the temporally specific control of gene expression in plants or in plant pests or pathogens. More specifically, this invention provides plant miRNA genes having novel circadian expression patterns that are useful for designing recombinant DNA constructs for temporally specific expression of at least one gene. Also provided are non-natural transgenic plant cells, plants, and seeds containing in their genome a recombinant DNA construct of this invention.

Abstract: The present invention concerns methods for controlling fungus infestation via dsRNA mediated gene silencing, whereby the intact fungus cell(s) are contacted with a double-stranded RNA from outside the fungal cell(s) and whereby the double-stranded RNA is taken up by the intact fungal cell(s). In one particular embodiment, the methods of the invention are used to alleviate plants from fungus pests. Alternatively, the methods are used for treating and/or preventing fungal infestation on a substrate or a subject in need of such treatment and/or prevention. Suitable fungal target genes and fragments thereof, dsRNA constructs, recombinant constructs and compositions are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the specific silencing of the ? (alpha), ? (beta), ? (gamma) and ? (omega)-gliadins of hard wheat for flour by RNA interference (RNAi) through employment of a polynucleotide which is transcribed into an hpRNA (hairpin RNA). Furthermore the present invention additionally relates to a vector, cell, plant or seed comprising the polynucleotide, the expression whereof is specifically directed in particular tissues of wheat seeds through gene expression-regulating sequences such as, for example, the promoter of a gene of ?-gliadins or the promoter of the gene encoding for a D-hordein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for controlling pest infestation using double stranded RNA molecules. The invention provides methods for making transgenic plants that express the double stranded RNA molecules, as well as pesticidal agents and commodity products produced by the inventive plants. The invention also provides transgenic plants that are resistant to insect pest infestation.

Abstract: The invention relates to the functional analysis of genes in cotton by employing the Virus Induced Gene Silencing (VIGS) method. More specifically this method induces gene silencing in cotton with the help of the Tobacco Rattle Virus (TRV) vectors RNA1 and RNA2 and phenotypic effects on the cotton plant can be analysed Moreover this invention also provides transient expression vector TRV RNA2 in order to transiently express genes in cotton plants and plant tissue under the influence of a strong subgenomic promoter.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of engineering plants having lignin deposition or xylan deposition that is substantially localized to the vessels of xylem tissue in the plant. The invention also provides methods of engineering plants to increase production of a desired biosynthetic product, e.g., to have increased secondary cell wall deposition or increased wax/cutin accumulation. The engineered plants of the present invention have use in bioenergy production, e.g., by improving the density and the digestibility of biomass derived from the plant and to improve water usage requirements.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a set of genes, which when modified in plants gives altered lignin properties. The invention provides DNA construct such as a vector useful in the method of the invention. Further, the invention relates to a plant cell or plant progeny of the plants and wood produced by the plants according to the invention Lower lignin levels will result in improved saccharification for bio-refining and ethanol production and improved pulp and paper. Increased lignin levels will utilise lignin properties for energy production. The genes and DNA constructs may be used for the identification of plants having altered lignin characteristics as compared to the wild-type. According to the invention genes and DNA constructs may also be used as candidate genes in marker assisted breeding.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided which employ a silencing element that, when ingested by a pest, such as a Lepidopteran pest, decreases the expression of a target sequence in the pest. In specific embodiments, the decrease in expression of the target sequence controls the pest, thereby limiting damage to a plant. The present invention provides target polynucleotides encoding polypeptides from specific protein families and various target polynucleotides as set forth, or active variants and fragments thereof, wherein a decrease in expression of one or more sequences in the target pest has insecticidal activity. Further provided are silencing elements which when ingested by the pest decrease the level of the target polypeptide and thereby control the pest. In a specific embodiment, the pest is Spodoptera frugiperda. Plants, plant parts, bacteria and other host cells comprising the silencing elements or an active variant or fragment thereof of the invention are also provided.