Abstract: A grafting technique effective for crops such as soybean and plants of the Poaceae family including rice, wheat, corn, etc. and a method of grafting crops of the present invention comprising the steps of replacing a radicle of a dry dormant seed with a radicle of another dormant seed capable of achieving grafting, and thereafter, germinating the seed.

Abstract: A method for modifying a quality of a fruit includes cutting a live stem attached to a live fruit at a cut distance from the fruit, producing a cut end of the stem, contacting only the cut end of the stem with a solution comprising at least one mobile and quality-modifying food ingredient while protecting the fruit from contact with the solution, and keeping the cut end of the stem in contact with the solution for an incubation time sufficient to allow absorption and transport of the food ingredient into the fruit, the food ingredient conferring a modified quality upon the fruit. A system for practicing the method and an edible raw plant product produced by the method are also disclosed.

Abstract: Exemplary methods include a method for transforming an algal cell by preparing a transformation construct, preparing a particle for bombarding the algal cell, adhering the transformation construct to the particle, bombarding the algal cell with the particle, and growing the algal cell into a colony. The transformation construct is replicated within a nuclear genome of the algal cell and the growing of the algal cell is in a nutrient medium. Another exemplary method may include a method for genetically modifying an algal cell, by adding nucleic acid to the algal cell while the algal cell is suspended in a solution of low conductivity, introducing the nucleic acid into the algal cell by application of an electrical pulse resulting in a transformed algal cell, and selecting a colony that includes the transformed algal cell.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the Agrobacterium-mediated germline transformation of soybean, comprising infecting split soybean seeds, with a portion of the embryonic axis, with Agrobacterium tumefaciens containing a transgene. The method can further comprise regenerating the explants produced from the transformation of the split soybean seeds comprising a portion of embryonic axis in vitro on selection medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to enzymes involved in lipid metabolism. In particular, the present invention provides coding sequences for Arabidopsis Desaturases (ADS), the encoded ADS polypeptides, and methods for using the sequences and encoded polypeptides, where such methods include decreasing and increasing saturated fatty acid content in plant seed oils.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of increasing nitrogen utilization efficiency (NUE) in a transgenic plant comprising the introduction of a nucleic acid encoding a dep1 polypeptide into a plant to produce a transgenic plant that expresses the nucleic acid to produce the dep1 polypeptide, thereby resulting in an increased NUE as compared with a control plant. Also provided are methods of increasing NUE in a plant comprising reducing the amount and/or activity of a DEP1 polypeptide.

Abstract: In various embodiments, methods described herein comprise the use of water-soluble cationic fullerene derivatives for improving plant genetic transformation. Cationic Fullerene derivatives of the invention possess DNA binding and compaction activity and provide a new method to deliver DNA into plant cells for plant transformation. Water-soluble fullerene derivatives of the invention with anionic or non-polar substituents possess antioxidant (free radical scavenging) activity, provide improved yields and efficiency of plant transformation methods such as biolistic, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, or electroporation methods by limiting cellular damage and resulting cell death leading to higher yields of viable transformed cells in the process.

Abstract: The subject application provides polynucleotides, compositions thereof and methods for regulating gene expression in a plant. Polynucleotides disclosed herein comprise novel sequences for a promoter isolated from Panicum virgatum (switchgrass) that initiates transcription of an operably linked nucleotide sequence. Thus, various embodiments of the invention comprise the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2 or fragments thereof comprising nucleotides 1 to 692 of SEQ ID NO: 2 that are capable of driving the expression of an operably linked nucleic acid sequence.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for identifying regenerated transformed plants and differentiated transformed plant parts, obtained without subjecting plant cells to selective conditions prior to regenerating the cells to obtain differentiated tissues. In particular embodiments, the plant cells are corn plant cells. Methods for growing and handling plants, including identifying plants that demonstrate specific traits of interest are also provided.

Abstract: Methods for amplification of nucleic acids in cells are provided. Also provided are cells that contain the nucleic acids.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing syringyl lignin in gymnosperms. The production of syringyl lignin in gymnosperms is accomplished by genetically transforming a gymnosperm genome, which does not normally contain genes which code for enzymes necessary for production of syringyl lignin, with DNA which codes for enzymes found in angiosperms associated with production of syringyl lignin. The expression of the inserted DNA is mediated using host promoter regions in the gymnosperm.

Abstract: A process of producing a transgenic multi-cellular plants or parts thereof expressing a trait of interest, said trait having a controlled distribution of said trait to progeny, wherein said process comprises (i) producing a first plant or a cell thereof having in a first locus of a nuclear chromosome a first heterologous nucleotide sequence comprising a first fragment of a nucleotide sequence encoding said trait of interest, (ii) producing a second plant or a cell thereof having in a second locus of a nuclear chromosome homologous to said nuclear chromosome of step (i), a second heterologous nucleotide sequence comprising a second fragment of the nucleotide sequence encoding said trait of interest, and (iii) hybridising said first and said second plant or cells thereof to generate progeny exhibiting said functional trait of interest due to binding between a protein or polypeptide encoded by said first heterologous nucleotide sequence and a protein or polypeptide encoded by said second heterologous nucleotide

Abstract: Disclosed is a circuit arrangement comprising at least one storage device for electrical charges to generate at least one voltage pulse by selectively discharging the storage device, and at least one control unit for controlling the discharge. A controller for monitoring the chronological progression of the voltage pulse is provided which controls at least one continuation of discharge after termination. Biomaterial is treated by using at least one electrical field generated by a first voltage pulse which is terminated once the value for an electrical parameter has exceeded or dropped below a preset limit. After the first voltage pulse has been terminated, it is continued by an additional voltage pulse.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing syringyl lignin in gymnosperms. The production of syringyl lignin in gymnosperms is accomplished by genetically transforming a gymnosperm genome, which does not normally contain genes which code for enzymes necessary for production of syringyl lignin, with DNA which codes for enzymes found in angiosperms associated with production of syringyl lignin. The expression of the inserted DNA is mediated using host promoter regions in the gymnosperm.

Abstract: The invention develops a simple and reliable mushroom transformation procedure on the basis of electroporation of spores or mycelial fragments of mushroom.

Abstract: Methods of transforming a plant cell with a nucleic acid of interest and regenerating plants therefrom are disclosed. The methods are particularly useful for the transformation of dicot or monocot mature somatic embryos.

Abstract: The methods provided relate to efficient methods for transforming isolated, immature maize embryos and for producing transgenic maize plantlets. The time required for the production of the transgenic plantlets and subsequent plants is significantly decreased compared to conventional methods. The methods also relate to decreasing the selection time of transgenic events and regenerating a transgenic maize plantlet from transgenic somatic embryos from the events in a plant cell culture vessel that allows for root formation and plantlet elongation in the same plant cell culture vessel.

Abstract: The invention provides the disclosure of a novel plant growth pathway involving several receptor like kinases. The pathway was shown to work largely independent of brassinosteroids and involves several members of the CrRLK1L family of receptor kinases. According to the invention, HERK1, HERK2, FER, THE1 and the brassinosteroid BES1 may be modulated to influence plant growth and elongation. The invention includes methods, and transformed plants, cells tissues and seeds with increased cellular elongation and other related yield traits.

Abstract: The invention provides a promoter that has high expression strength and can be over-expressed in various tissues of plant, said promoter is a promoter for banana polyubiquitin (polyubiquitin) gene MhUBQ1, and has a sequence as SEQ ID No: 3. The invention provides further a gene expression cassette that contains a promoter comprising a DNA sequence as SEQ ID No: 3, and a polynucleotide having a open reading frame (ORF) linked to the 3? terminal of said promoter, wherein said promoter can activate the transcription of said polynucleotide in a organism containing said gene expression cassette. The invention provides further a gene expression vector that contains a promoter having a DNA sequence as SEQ ID No: 3. Also, the invention provides a process for producing a transgenic plant or part of organ, tissue or cell thereof containing the above-described gene expression cassette.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composition and method for prolonging the shelf life of banana by using interfering RNA. Said method transfers a control cassette for Musa spp. ACC oxidase into banana by a novel gene transfer method, wherein said composition comprises an interfering RNA, a gene transfer expression vector and pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Said interfering RNA can inhibit/knock-down the mRNA expression of Musa spp. ACC oxidase and inhibit the biosynthesis of ethylene in banana, thereby delaying the ripening of banana, and consequently, prolonging the shelf life of banana.

Abstract: Plant expression vectors that include promoter sequences operably linked to heterologous ATHK1 polynucleotides, or complements thereof, encoding polypeptides at least 95% identical to SEQ ID NO:26, where the polynucleotides encode polypeptides that confers drought resistance in the plants. Also provided are transgenic plants with increased drought resistance, methods for creating such plants, overexpressors, and underexpressors of ATHK1. Methods for enhancing drought resistance in plants are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the transformation of plastid genomes of plant species, in particular Asteraceae plant species, comprising the steps of providing a transformation vector carrying a DNA sequence of interest; subjecting a plant material, which comprises plastids, to a transformation treatment in order to allow the plastids to receive the transformation vector; placing the thus treated plant material for a period of time into contact with a culture medium without selection agent; subsequently placing the plant material into contact with a culture medium comprising a selection agent; and refreshing the culture medium comprising a selection agent to allow plant material comprising plastids that have acquired the DNA of interest to grow into transformants.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for treating biomaterial using at least one electrical field generated by a first voltage pulse which is terminated once the value for an electrical parameter has exceeded or dropped below a preset limit. After the first voltage pulse has been terminated, it is continued by an additional voltage pulse. The invention also relates to a circuit arrangement comprising at least one storage device for electrical charges to generate at least one voltage pulse by selectively discharging the storage device, and at least one control unit for controlling the discharge. The present invention provides a controller for monitoring the chronological progression of the voltage pulse. This controller controls at least one continuation of discharge after termination.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the generation of genetically diverse plants via the incorporation of micro-satellite (MS) sequences into the planar genome. The method involves obtaining MS-like DNA fragment, introducing said DNA into plant cells, and selecting said cells for the incorporation of the DNA. Finally, plants are grown from the selected cells. Said plants display phenotypic variability, and are more diverse than the parental plant. Using the method herein presented, novel plant varieties are generated.

Abstract: This invention relates to marine algae, and more particularly, to a method for producing improved seaweed strains by genetic engineering. The vector for transformation were constructed by inserting the high-plant or algae-derived promoters upstream of foreign reporter genes or such cassettes that functional genes are fused with antibiotics or herbicide-resistant genes. The genetic seaweed was generated by natural development process by recombinated plasmid DNA introduction to seaweed spore with Biolostics as transformation methods. Introduced traits of antibiotics or herbicide-resistance were used to select the transgenic seaweed individuals when foreign functional genes are transformed. Stable transformation could be obtained following this invention.

Abstract: A process of producing a transgenic multi-cellular plants or parts thereof expressing a trait of interest, said trait having a controlled distribution of said trait to progeny, wherein said process comprises (i) producing a first plant or a cell thereof having in a first locus of a nuclear chromosome a first heterologous nucleotide sequence comprising a first fragment of a nucleotide sequence encoding said trait of interest, (ii) producing a second plant or a cell thereof having in a second locus of a nuclear chromosome homologous to said nuclear chromosome of step (i), a second heterologous nucleotide sequence comprising a second fragment of the nucleotide sequence encoding said trait of interest, and (iii) hybridising said first and said second plant or cells thereof to generate progeny exhibiting said functional trait of interest due to binding between a protein or polypeptide encoded by said first heterologous nucleotide sequence and a protein or polypeptide encoded by said second heterologous nucleotide

Abstract: The present invention relates to the production of a non-transgenic plant resistant or tolerant to a herbicide of the phosphonomethylglycine family, e.g., glyphosate. The present invention also relates to the use of a recombinagenic oligonucleobase to make a desired mutation in the chromosomal or episomal sequences of a plant in the gene encoding for 5-enol pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS). The mutated protein, which substantially maintains the catalytic activity of the wild-type protein, allows for increased resistance or tolerance of the plant to a herbicide of the phosphonomethylglycine family, and allows for the substantially normal growth or development of the plant, its organs, tissues or cells as compared to the wild-type plant irrespective of the presence or absence of the herbicide. Additionally the present invention relates to mutant E. coli cells that contain mutated EPSPS genes.

Abstract: The present invention discloses transgenic plants having an altered level of NAP protein compared to that of a non-transgenic plant, where the transgenic plants display an altered leaf senescence phenotype relative to a non-transgenic plant, as well as mutant plants comprising an inactivated NAP gene, where mutant plants display a delayed leaf senescence phenotype compared to that of a non-mutant plant. The present invention also discloses methods for delaying leaf senescence in a plant, as well as methods of making a mutant plant having a decreased level of NAP protein compared to that of a non-mutant plant, where the mutant plant displays a delayed leaf senescence phenotype relative to a non-mutant plant. Methods for causing precocious leaf senescence or promoting leaf senescence in a plant are also disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of identifying a candidate plant suitable for breeding that displays a delayed leaf senescence and/or enhanced yield phenotype.

Abstract: A flower tissue-specific promoter, and uses thereof, is the promoter for Phalaenopsis 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase, ACC synthase gene PtACS2, and has a sequence as shown in SEQ ID No: 2. The invention further provides a gene expression cassette, which is composed of a promoter having a DNA sequence as SEQ ID No: 2, and a polynucleotide with an open reading frame linked to the 3? end of said promoter, wherein said promoter can activate transcription of said polynucleotide in an organism containing said gene expression cassette. The invention provides furthermore a gene expression vector, which is composed of a promoter having a DNA sequence as SEQ ID No: 2. The invention provides further a method for producing a transgenic plant or parts of organ, tissue or cell of the transgenic plant that contain a gene expression cassette described above.

Abstract: The invention concerns the use of duplex oligonucleotides about 25 to 30 base pairs to introduce site specific genetic alterations in plant cells. The oligonucleotides can be delivered by mechanical (biolistic) systems or by electroporation of plant protoplasts. Thereafter plants having the genetic alteration can be generated form the altered cells. In specific embodiments the invention concerns the alteration in the gene that encode acid invertase, UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, polyphenol oxidase, O-methyl transferase, cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, ACC synthase and ACC oxidase or etr-1 or homolog of etr-1, and plants having isolated point mutations in such genes.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for increasing oil content in Jatropha Curcas L. plants. The invention further provides the cDNA and protein sequences of Jatropha acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACCase) and methods for cloning and expressing the Jatropha ACCase gene to produce transgenic plants with increased oil content.

Abstract: Provided are methods of increasing the tolerance of a plant to abiotic stresses and/or increasing the biomass and/or increasing the yield of a plant by expressing within the plant an exogenous polynucleotide homologous to SEQ ID NO:13.

Abstract: This invention provides polypeptides having lyase activity, polynucleotides encoding these polypeptides, and methods of making and using these polynucleotides and polypeptides. In one aspect, the invention is directed to polypeptides having ammonia lyase activity, e.g., phenylalanine ammonia lyase, tyrosine ammonia lyase and/or histidine ammonia lyase activity, including thermostable and thermotolerant activity, and polynucleotides encoding these enzymes, and making and using these polynucleotides and polypeptides. The polypeptides of the invention can be used in a variety of pharmaceutical, agricultural and industrial contexts.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of producing a transgenic hybrid plant having no or reduced sexual reproduction, the method comprising: (a) stably transforming a first plant with a first nucleic acid construct comprising: (i) a promoter, P1; (ii) a site specific recombinase, RS1; (iii) a promoter, P2; (iv) a selectable marker, SM1; (v) a promoter P3; (vi) at least one nucleotide sequence the expression of which results in no or reduced sexual reproduction, NRSR; and (vii) at least two target sites, TRS2, specific for a site specific recombinase, RS2 that is different from the site specific recombinase, RS1, and further wherein P1 is operably located upstream of RS1, P2 is operably located upstream of SM1, P3 is operably located upstream, of NRSR, a first TRS2 is located immediately downstream of P1 and a second TRS2 is located upstream of NRSR; (b) stably transforming a second plant with a second nucleic acid construct comprising: (i) a promoter, P4; (ii) a site specific recombinase, RS2, that is diff

Abstract: Compositions and methods for modifying the sensitivity to abscisic acid, of seeds and vegetative tissues of plants. The compositions comprise novel nucleotide molecules configured for expressing an abscisic acid-binding protein, i.e., ABAP1, comprising an amino acid sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 10. The methods comprise the steps of constructing a nucleotide molecule by fusing a nucleotide coding sequence set forth in SEQ ID NO: 9 with a regulatory nucleotide sequence selected for over-expression or for under-expression of the coding sequence, stably introducing the nucleotide molecule into the genome of a recipient cell from a seed-producing plant, culturing the recipient cell into a whole recipient plant and then further culturing the recipient plant to produce mature recipient seeds, and harvesting the recipient seeds. The recipient seeds and whole plants produced therefrom have modified sensitivities to ABA thereby enabling regulation of germination, physiological function and plant productivity.

Abstract: The present invention relates nucleic acid molecules that are modulated (e.g., upregulated) by nitrogen in corn, to proteins or polypeptides encoded by these nucleic acid molecules, and promoters of these nucleic acid molecules. The present invention relates to a nucleic acid construct having a nucleic acid molecule that is modulated by nitrogen in corn, as well as to expression systems, host cells, plants, and plant seeds having the nucleic acid construct. The present invention also relates to a method of expressing the nucleic acid molecule that is modulated by nitrogen in a plant by growing a transgenic plant or a plant grown from a transgenic seed transformed with the construct. The present invention further relates to an isolated DNA promoter that can be used to direct nitrogen-regulated expression of an isolated nucleic acid in plants.

Abstract: In this invention, two phytase genes from two generally-regarded-as-safe microorganisms, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis 168, were cloned and characterized. A process for phytase enzyme over-expression and purification was also developed. The enzymes have molecular weight of about 48 kilodaltons and showed extracellular phytate-hydrolyzing activities. The recombinant enzyme can be used to enhance phytase utilization in various commercial areas, including preparation of animal feed and transgenic plants that have increased growth rates for maturity, flowering and fruiting.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the corn variety designated I015011. This invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the variety I015011, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety I015011 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. This invention further relates to corn seeds and plants produced by crossing plants of variety I015011 with plants of another variety, such as another inbred line, and to crosses with related species. This invention further relates to the inbred and hybrid genetic complements of plants of variety I015011, and also to the SSR and isozyme typing profiles of corn variety I015011.

Abstract: Methods for the transformation of plants are provided. The methods of the present invention comprise the steps of a) contacting the meristematic tissue of a plant and an area of the plant below the contacted meristematic tissue to a power source, wherein the area below the meristematic tissue is contacted to a positive lead and the meristematic tissue is contacted with a DNA-containing medium which in turn is contacted with a negative lead, and b) applying low amperage current, thus causing the DNA to migrate from the DNA-containing medium into the cells of the meristematic tissue. The transformed plants may be grown to maturity. The mature plants may then self-pollinate and the seed from the plant harvested. Both the parent plant, seed from the parent plant, progeny plants and progeny seeds contain the introduced DNA.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention relates to isolated nucleic acid molecules encoding avirulence proteins or polypeptides of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae DC 3000, or nucleic acid molecules which are complementary thereto. Expression vectors, host cells, and transgenic plants which include the DNA molecules of the present invention are also disclosed. Another aspect relates to the isolated proteins or polypeptides and compositions containing the same. The various nucleic acid molecules and proteins of the present invention can be used to impart disease resistance to a plant, make a plant hypersusceptible to colonization by nonpathogenic bacteria, modify a metabolic pathway in a cell, cause eukaryotic cell death and treat a cancerous condition, as well as inhibit programmed cell death.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the corn variety designated I026458. This invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the variety I026458, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety I026458 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. This invention further relates to corn seeds and plants produced by crossing plants of variety I026458 with plants of another variety, such as another inbred line, and to crosses with related species. This invention further relates to the inbred and hybrid genetic complements of plants of variety I026458, and also to the SSR and isozyme typing profiles of corn variety I026458.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided an inbred corn plant designated LIZL5. This invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the inbred corn plant LIZL5, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing the inbred corn plant LIZL5 with itself or with another corn plant, such as another inbred. This invention further relates to corn seeds and plants produced by crossing the inbred plant LIZL5 with another corn plant, such as another inbred, and to crosses with related species. This invention further relates to the inbred and hybrid genetic complements of the inbred corn plant LIZL5, and also to the SSR and genetic isozyme typing profiles of inbred corn plant LIZL5. This invention further relates to methods of transforming the inbred LIZL5 and cells thereof, transformed plants produced by these methods, progeny transgenic plants, and seed derived therefrom.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of modulating abscisic acid signal transduction in plants. The method comprise introducing into the plant a recombinant expression cassette comprising a promoter operably linked to an ABH1 polynucleotide.

Abstract: According to the invention, there is provided seed and plants of the corn variety designated I015036. This invention thus relates to the plants, seeds and tissue cultures of the variety I015036, and to methods for producing a corn plant produced by crossing a corn plant of variety I015036 with itself or with another corn plant, such as a plant of another variety. This invention further relates to corn seeds and plants produced by crossing plants of variety I015036 with plants of another variety, such as another inbred line, and to crosses with related species. This invention further relates to the inbred and hybrid genetic complements of plants of variety I015036, and also to the SSR and isozyme typing profiles of corn variety I015036.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to transgenic plants. More specifically, it relates to methods and compositions for the introduction of DNA using circular molecules that are not able to replicate outside a host cell. The circular molecules contain site-specific recombination sequences and allow transformation of host cells with DNA comprising only selected sequences of interest.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for making a bioreactor comprising a foreign target gene, special selectable markers and Dunaliella Salina as host. It is prepared by the genetic transformation techniques that include introducing a foreign target gene into the cells of Dunaliella Salina and screening the transformed cells of Dunaliella Salina. The bioreactor of the present invention can be used as a safe and cheap production system for proteins of pharmaceutical interest including vaccines, especially oral products, in a large scale, because the cells of Dunaliella Salina are easy of genetic manipulation in preparation of the bioreactor, nontoxic and edible for humans and animals, and harmless to the environment.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the introduction of molecules, including nucleic acids, carbohydrates, plant growth regulators and peptides into cells and tissues. The present invention is also directed to media and methods for enhancing embryogenic callus production of elite lines of soybean.

Abstract: The present invention provides for the identification and cloning of functional plant centromeres in Arabidopsis. This will permit construction of stably inherited plant artificial chromosomes (PLACs) which can serve as vectors for the construction of transgenic plant and animal cells. In addition, information on the structure and function of these regions will prove valuable in isolating additional centromeric and centromere related genetic elements and polypeptides from other species.

Abstract: The present invention provides for the identification and cloning of functional plant centromeres in Arabidopsis. This will permit construction of stably inherited minichromosomes which can serve as vectors for the construction of transgenic plant and animal cells. In addition, information on the structure and function of these regions will prove valuable in isolating additional centromeric and centromere related genetic elements and polypeptides from other species.

Abstract: A novel garden bean cultivar, designated ‘210104’, is disclosed. The invention relates to the seeds of garden bean cultivar ‘210104’, to the plants of garden bean line ‘210104’ and to methods for producing a bean plant by crossing the cultivar ‘210104’ with itself or another bean line. The invention further relates to methods for producing a bean plant containing in its genetic material one or more transgenes and to the transgenic plants produced by that method and to methods for producing other garden bean lines derived from the cultivar ‘210104’.