Abstract: In multichannel audio coding, improved computational efficiency is achieved by computing comparison parameters for ITD compensation between any two channels in the frequency domain for a parametric audio encoder. This may mitigate negative effects on encoder parameter estimates.

Abstract: A noise estimation method including steps of generating gap confidence values in response to microphone output and playback signals, and using the gap confidence values to generate an estimate of background noise in a playback environment. Each gap confidence value is indicative of confidence of presence of a gap at a corresponding time in the playback signal, and may be a combination of candidate noise estimates weighted by the gap confidence values. Generation of the candidate noise estimates may but need not include performance of echo cancellation. Optionally, noise compensation is performed on an audio input signal using the generated background noise estimate. Other aspects are systems configured to perform any embodiment of the noise estimation method.

Abstract: Methods of operating headphones may involve filtering an input signal into a first filtered input signal and a second filtered input signal utilizing a filter. The second filtered input signal may be sent directly to a tactile vibration driver and tactile vibrations may be produced. A fixed, predetermined inverse transfer function may be applied to the first filtered input signal, generating an anti-wave signal. The anti-wave signal may be summed with the first filtered input signal, generating an output signal. Alternatively, a fixed, predetermined transfer function may be applied to the first filtered input signal, generating a modified input signal. The modified input signal may be subtracted from the first filtered input signal, generating an output signal. Audio sound waves may be produced with an acoustic driver responsive to the output signal, reducing effects of incidental acoustic noise generated by the tactile vibration driver.

Abstract: Provided are, among other things, systems, methods and techniques for loudness-based audio-signal compensation. According to one such system, an input line accepts an input audio signal; a loudness estimator, coupled to the input line, processes the input audio signal to obtain an audio playback loudness level and also provides a production loudness level for the input audio signal; and a filter generator/selector coupled to an output of the loudness estimator provides an audio compensation filter based on the production loudness level and the audio playback loudness level. The input signal is processed by the audio compensation filter to provide an output signal.

Abstract: A multi-channel noise reduction system provides improved noise reduction with direct instrument tracking of all channels. In a two channel noise reduction system, both channels detect and track the input level and dynamic range of the guitar directly with one channel of dynamic noise reduction between the guitar and the input of a guitar amplifier to eliminate the noise of the instrument and another channel of noise reduction connected in the effects loop of the guitar amplifier. Multiple channels of noise reduction can be implemented with separated threshold controls and with low level expansion and dynamic filtering being combined so as to detect and track the input level and dynamic range of the guitar directly. A buffer amplifier can be used to feed the direct guitar signal to the detectors of the noise reduction system and the input of a stereo guitar system.

Abstract: There is provided a wind synthesizer controller playable by the same manipulation as that of a customary musical instrument as well as able to obtain accurate scale information and volume information. The wind synthesizer controller includes a microphone, an expiration intensity measuring unit, and a controller. The microphone detects a sound generated by flowed in expiration. The expiration intensity measuring unit measures intensity of the expiration on the basis of a detected sound signal. The controller generates volume information on the basis of the measured expiration intensity. The volume information at least includes note on, note off, and velocity.

Abstract: A handheld singing apparatus, capable of being cooperated with a handheld electronic device having a screen for operation, includes a holding member, a supporting seat and a connecting portion. The holding member is approximately formed as rod shaped and has a first end and a second end opposite to the first end. The supporting seat is capable of receiving and fastening with the handheld electronic device, so that the screen is faced to a direction far from the holding member. The connecting portion is connected between the first end of the holding member and the supporting seat, so that the supporting seat is rotatable relative to the holding member.

Abstract: Systems and methods for selecting audio samples in response to musical stimuli are provided. In some embodiments, an audio sample can be selected based on the excitation state of an instrument. A musical stimulus can be received, and a current excitation level associated with previously received musical stimuli calculated. An audio sample can be selected for playback using the current excitation level. In some embodiments, audio samples having different velocity levels can be selected in response to repeated musical stimuli. A first instance of a musical stimulus having a first velocity level can be received, and a first audio sample corresponding to the first velocity level played back. A second instance of the musical stimulus having the first velocity level can be received, and a second audio sample corresponding to a second velocity level can be selected for playback. The first and second audio samples can have different audio characteristics.

Abstract: An electronic musical instrument has a front side, back side, right side, and left side with respect to a perspective of a performer of the musical instrument, and comprises: a planar surface having a first speaker positioned on the front side and the left side, a second speaker positioned on the front side and the right side, and a third speaker positioned on the back side; a first localized sound processing section receives left and right channel signals of tone signals assigned as first localized sounds and produces sound signals to the first speaker, the second speaker and the third speaker to form a first sound image; and a second localized sound processing section receives left and right channel signals of tone signals assigned as second localized sounds and produces sound signals to the first speaker, the second speaker and the third speaker to form a second sound image.

Abstract: A control pedal includes a pedal body having a foot contact surface at an upper side; at least a sensing unit arranged on the foot contact surface for detecting a touch action and generating a sensor signal according to the detected touch action; a microprocessor arranged in an interior of the pedal body for generating an operation instruction according to the sensor signal; and a transmission unit for transmitting the operation instruction to an electronic device to control a page turning action, sound volume adjustment, or audio mode switch.

Abstract: Provided are a tone control device and a method for adjusting a volume level at which to generate a new tone and at least one current tone according to a target volume level and a current volume level. A note-on event associated with a received volume level is received from an input device. A current volume level is processed to determine a new volume level in response to receiving the note-on event while generating at least one current tone at the current volume level. The at least one current tone and a new tone associated with the received note-on event are generated at the new volume level.

Abstract: A guitar amplifier system is disclosed. Specific implementations for the guitar amplifier system may comprise an audio input for an audio signal, a preamplifier coupled to the audio input, a tone control element coupled to the preamplifier, a power amplifier coupled to the tone control element, and an audio output coupled to the power amplifier. In an implementation, the tone control may be configured to control at least one of sound equalization, compression distortion, chorus or reverb. In an implementation, at least one of the preamplifier and the power amplifier may comprise at least one distortion multiplier circuit. The distortion multiplier circuit may comprise an audio signal multiplier configured to amplify an audio signal and output an amplified audio signal.

Abstract: An apparatus for combining input signals produced by a plurality of electric musical devices includes a plurality of audio buses and a plurality of segments. Each segment includes input circuitry configured to receive at least one input signal from at least one electric musical device and to deliver the at least one input signal to one of the plurality of audio buses; a plurality of variable adjustment devices each associated with a corresponding one of the audio buses and each configured to change at least one property of an input signal received by another of the plurality of segments and carried on the corresponding one of the audio buses independent from input signals carried on other of the plurality of audio buses; and a mixer configured to combine the input signals carried on each of the plurality of audio buses into an output signal.

Abstract: When a signal representing a first set value or more is received from a detecting section, a determination is made whether a boost value is a predetermined value or more. When the boost value is the predetermined value or more, a currently set boost value is reduced by a predetermined step, so that a new boost value is set. Further, when the boost value is less than the predetermined value, a currently set volume level is reduced by a predetermined step, and a new volume level is set. Therefore, in a case when the set boost value is gradually reduced and the boost value is finally less than the predetermined value, the audio signal is still the first set value or more, the volume level is further reduced by each predetermined step. Therefore, an audio signal can be securely prevented from being clipped.

Abstract: Provided is a program for musical performance which causes a computer of a musical performance apparatus to function as a posture variation acquisition unit 101 for acquiring the posture variation of a controller 5 per frame based on the angular velocity with respect to the posture or movement of the controller 5, a volume parameter setting unit 102 for setting a volume parameter for deciding the volume according to the posture variation, and a sound signal output unit 106 for outputting a sound signal of the volume according to the volume parameter.

Abstract: An electronic percussion instrument generates, in accordance with a trigger signal output from a pad source, a musical performance tone of a tone color assigned to the pad source. The electronic percussion instrument includes a program memory for storing a control program and a CPU for controlling operation of the electronic percussion instrument in accordance with the control program stored in the program memory. A storage device is also provided for storing a plurality of trigger data sets each of which includes at least one sensitivity setting parameter for setting sensitivity to the trigger signal, and a plurality of drum kits each of which includes pad setting data for setting the tone color assigned to the at least one pad source and link data for designating one of the plurality of trigger data sets. A setting operation input unit is provided for selecting a drum kit from among the plurality of drum kits.

Abstract: A method and a system for providing sound generation instructions from a digitized input signal are provided. The invention comprises transforming at least part of the digitized input signal into a feature representation, extracting characteristic features of the obtained feature representation, comparing at least part of the extracted characteristic features against stored data representing a number of signal classes, selecting a signal class to represent the digitized input signal based on said comparison, and selecting from stored data, which represents a number of sound effects, sound effect data representing the selected signal class. Sound volume data is determined from stored reference volume data corresponding to the selected signal class and/or sound effect and from at least part of the obtained characteristic features, and sound generation instructions are generated based at least partly on the obtained sound effect data and the obtained sound volume data.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product for mixing audio is presented. A plurality of tracks is displayed in a user interface, each track of the plurality of tracks including at least one audio clip. Each audio clip is designated as either a foreground clip or a background clip. The foreground clips are analyzed and loudness corrected. The background clips are analyzed and a distance value between the loudness corrected foreground clips and the background clips is defined. Keyframes are added to some of the audio clips, the keyframes providing a fade between levels of the background clips to take into account the loudness corrected foreground clips and a sequenced audio file is produced from the corrected foreground clips, the background clips and the keyframes.

Abstract: An automatic player piano is equipped with an electronic supporting system, which makes a player learn an optimum pedal stroke to a half pedal region; while the player is practicing a music tune on the piano, the electronic supporting system monitors the damper pedal; when the player starts to depress the damper pedal, the electronic supporting system exerts an assisting force on the damper pedal so as to make the player feel the damper pedal light; when the damper pedal reaches an entrance of the half pedal region, the electronic supporting system removes the assisting force from the damper pedal so that the player feels the damper pedal heavy, whereby the player learns the pedal stroke to the half pedal region through the change of load borne by the player.

Abstract: Provided is a program for musical performance which causes a computer of a musical performance apparatus to function as a posture variation acquisition unit 101 for acquiring the posture variation of a controller 5 per frame based on the angular velocity with respect to the posture or movement of the controller 5, a volume parameter setting unit 102 for setting a volume parameter for deciding the volume according to the posture variation, and a sound signal output unit 106 for outputting a sound signal of the volume according to the volume parameter.

Abstract: The teachings described herein are generally directed to a system, method, and apparatus for learning music through an educational audio track embodied on a computer readable medium. The system can comprise components including a processor, an input device, a database, a transformation module, an emulation recording module, an integration engine, an output module, and an output device, wherein each component is operable in itself to perform it's function in the system and operable with other system components to provide a system to a user for learning music.

Abstract: Resonators generate resonance sound data of given resonant frequencies based on sound signal data corresponding to a pitch of a key. Each resonator includes a delay circuit which delays an input based on delay time data, a second adder which adds an output from the delay circuit to input sound signal data, and a low-pass filter which performs filtering depending on a filter control signal on the output from the second adder. An output from the low-pass filter is input to the delay circuit, and a first adder adds outputs from the resonators. A storage device stores a coefficient table containing items of delay time data to be provided to the resonators, and the items of the delay time data do not match with frequencies corresponding to pitches of keys.

Abstract: A method for improving the similarity of the volumes in different audio players is described. First player metrics for one or more Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) instruments may be determined. A digital music file that uses the MIDI protocol may be received. A note parameter or channel parameter may be adjusted for notes in the digital music file based on the first player metrics.

Abstract: Stringed instruments, game controllers, and related structures and methods are described. A game controller having one or more strings is described for a computer gaming application. Output signals may be sent from the controller to the gaming application indicative of fingering of the game controller and the time at which the strings of the game controller are struck. Multi-mode apparatus are also described. A stringed apparatus may be used as both a game controller and an instrument. Bracing structures and methods are also described for bracing stringed apparatus, such as stringed game controllers and instruments.

Abstract: The volume control device temporarily alters the loudness of an electric musical instrument by allowing all (or part) of the audio signal to leak through a photosensitive resistor to ground. A light source is positioned so as to affect the value of the photosensitive resistor. The user indirectly controls the audio level by manipulating the light source in various ways: a control switch turns the light on and off; a selector switch determines whether the light source is normally off and turned on by the control switch, or vice versa; the brightness of the light source is adjusted by a variable resistor; and the time taken for the light to reach maximum brightness is controlled by an RC circuit. The device is removable and compatible with any electric instrument.

Abstract: A method, operation position sensor device for an electronic musical, and musical instrument for detecting an operation position of an operation member in an electronic musical instrument. A determination is made of an amount of measured light resulting from the depression of the operation member has changed in excess of a predetermined difference value a number of times. A determination is made of a difference value of clock counts measured at a last two determinations that the measured light changed in excess of the predetermined difference value in response to determining that the amount of the measured light has changed in excess of the predetermined difference value the number of times. The difference value is converted to a key depression speed. A sound generation command is issued based on the key depression speed to a sound source.

Abstract: A home theater system includes construction, presentation, and commerce in, songs. Presentation includes at least one of: metadata about songs or sounds, a function capable of transitioning from one song to a next song, and user preferences; and can determine in what manner to transition from one song to a next song. Construction of songs includes either factors above, or at least one of: a function or a user extension capable of selecting a next song, and an element capable of determining whether the song is perceptually random. A user interface is capable of searching playlists and selecting them for presentation, representing each playlist with a substantially unique pictorial representation, distinguishing in presentation between those playlists licensed to the user and those that are not, and capable of substantially immediate purchase of playlist licenses either individually or in bulk and either automatically or with minimal intervention.

Abstract: The volume control device temporarily alters the loudness of an electric musical instrument by allowing all (or part) of the audio signal to leak through a photosensitive resistor to ground. A light source is positioned so as to affect the value of the photosensitive resistor. The user indirectly controls the audio level by manipulating the light source in various ways: a control switch turns the light on and off; a selector switch determines whether the light source is normally off and turned on by the control switch, or vice versa; the brightness of the light source is adjusted by a variable resistor; and the time taken for the light to reach maximum brightness is controlled by an RC circuit. The device is removable and compatible with any electric instrument.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program product for mixing audio is presented. A plurality of tracks is displayed in a user interface, each track of the plurality of tracks including at least one audio clip. Each audio clip is designated as either a foreground clip or a background clip. The foreground clips are analyzed and loudness corrected. The background clips are analyzed and a distance value between the loudness corrected foreground clips and the background clips is defined. Keyframes are added to some of the audio clips, the keyframes providing a fade between levels of the background clips to take into account the loudness corrected foreground clips and a sequenced audio file is produced from the corrected foreground clips, the background clips and the keyframes.

Abstract: An actuator unit includes: a performance operator drive device including a movable member that mechanically drives the performance operator member; an optical pattern having a pattern to cause an amount of light reflection or light transmission to gradually vary in accordance with movement of the movable member; and an optical sensor that irradiates light toward the optical pattern and receives light reflected from or transmitted through the optical pattern. One of the optical pattern and the optical sensor is provided to move in interlocked relation to the movable member, and the amount of the reflected light or transmitted light, based on the optical pattern, is detected by the optical sensor, so that a moving position of the movable member is detected on the basis of the detected amount of the reflected or transmitted light.

Abstract: The present synthesizer generates an underlying spectrum, pitch and loudness for a sound to be synthesized, and then combines the underlying spectrum, pitch and loudness with stored Spectral, Pitch, and Loudness Fluctuations and noise elements. The input to the synthesizer is typically a MIDI stream. A MIDI preprocess block processes the MIDI input and generates the signals needed by the synthesizer to generate output sound phrases. The synthesizer comprises a harmonic synthesizer block (which generates an output representing the tonal audio portion of the output sound), an Underlying Spectrum, Pitch, and Loudness (which takes pitch and loudness and uses stored algorithms to generate the slowly varying portion of the output sound) and a Spectral, Pitch, and Loudness Fluctuation portion (which generates the quickly varying portion of the output sound by selecting and combining Spectral, Pitch, and Loudness Fluctuation segments stored in a database).

Abstract: A volume adjusting apparatus includes a sound collecting unit configured to collect noise data of a surrounding environment, an analyzing unit configured to extract a feature value indicating a feature of the noise data collected by the sound collecting unit and a feature value indicating a feature of supplied musical tune data, and a control unit configured to generate volume adjustment information for adjusting playback volume of the musical tune data based on the feature value of the noise data and the feature value of the musical tune data and adjusts the playback volume of the musical tune data based on the volume adjustment information.

Abstract: An audio playback apparatus, an automatic player musical instrument and a voltage controller form an ensemble system for producing music tunes in ensemble between the audio playback apparatus and the automatic player musical instrument, and the voltage controller is responsive to a volume control dial so as simultaneously to vary the loudness of electric tones radiated from the audio playback apparatus and acoustic tones produced through the automatic player musical instrument; when a user rotates the voltage control dial, an audio signal and a quasi audio signal are amplified, the audio signal is supplied to the sound system for converting the audio signal to the electric tones, and the quasi audio signal is demodulated to MIDI music data codes for changing the velocity from the original value to a new value for producing the acoustic tones or electronic tones through automatic playing or composition of waveform data.

Abstract: A slide manipulation device is mountable in a manipulator panel and includes a manipulator, a frame configured to slidably support the manipulator, and a circuit board. The frame has an opposing part facing the inside of the manipulation panel when the frame is mounted to the manipulation panel, the frame extending in a direction intersecting the opposing part and extending in a slide direction of the manipulator. The manipulator extends outward from the interior of the frame and is slidable in the slide direction to indicate a parameter for use in an electronic equipment. The circuit board is disposed at the outside of the frame along the extending direction of the frame, and is mounted to the frame for carrying out overall control to signalize a parameter set by the manipulator and to transmit the signalized parameter to the electronic equipment, and otherwise to receive the parameter from the electronic equipment and to slide the manipulator in response to the received parameter.

Abstract: An automatic performance data processing apparatus which makes it possible to simply convert a plurality of automatic performance data into digital audio data in a batch. Each of a plurality of automatic performance data in an order designated by a playlist data stored in a storage device is sequentially reproduced. Audio signals generated by a tone generator that is supplied with tone generator driving events that occur in response to reproduction of each automatic performance data and that generates audio signals based on the supplied tone generator driving events are digitally recorded. The digitally recorded audio signals are stored in a storage medium as digital audio data.

Abstract: A method for adapting a score stored in a MIDI file for being reproduced on a mobile terminal to the transfer function of an electroacoustic reproduction circuitry includes test rendering of the score to obtain sampled data prior to a reproduction of the score on the mobile terminal. From these sampled data, one or more values and or combination of values for a desired electroacoustic reproduction on the mobile terminals are identified, and, based on these identified values, one or more parameters suited for adapting the score with respect to the desired or optimised reproduction on the mobile terminal are determined.

Abstract: There are provided a mobile device that is equipped with a musical composition-reproducing section and capable of curtailing the battery drain as much as possible, and a mobile device that prevents the quality of reproduced musical tones from being degraded even if the voltage level of the battery lowers. A battery voltage detector monitors an voltage level of a battery. The musical composition-reproducing section is controlled such that the number of parts of the musical composition reproduced by the musical composition-reproducing section is reduced when the monitored voltage level of the battery becomes lower than a reference value.

Abstract: A music information calculation apparatus recognizing a structure of a piece of music based on an acoustic signal. The apparatus includes: an acoustic signal input for inputting the acoustic signal of the piece of music; an acoustic parameter calculator for calculating, using the acoustic signal, at least a first acoustic parameter indicating a volume of the piece of music; an inflection degree calculator for calculating, using at least the first acoustic parameter, an inflection degree indicating an inflection of the piece of music; a story node calculator for calculating, using at least the first acoustic parameter, a story node representing a time at which a formation of the piece of music changes; and a story information calculator for calculating, as story information indicating at least a correspondence between the story node having been calculated and the inflection degree obtained at the time represented by the story node.

Abstract: An audio playback apparatus, an automatic player musical instrument and a voltage controller form an ensemble system for producing music tunes in ensemble between the audio playback apparatus and the automatic player musical instrument, and the voltage controller is responsive to a volume control dial so as simultaneously to vary the loudness of electric tones radiated from the audio playback apparatus and acoustic tones produced through the automatic player musical instrument; when a user rotates the voltage control dial, an audio signal and a quasi audio signal are amplified, the audio signal is supplied to the sound system for converting the audio signal to the electric tones, and the quasi audio signal is demodulated to MIDI music data codes for changing the velocity from the original value to a new value for producing the acoustic tones or electronic tones through automatic playing or composition of waveform data.

Abstract: In order to provide a musical sound generating vehicular apparatus and a program of the same for playing musical sounds based on a status of a vehicle without depending on parameter changes such as volume of the musical sound, a vehicle status detection means (11) which detects a control status of the vehicle, a storage means (13) which stores musical sound data, a musical sound data playback means (3) which plays the musical sound based on the musical sound data stored in the storage means (13), and a control means (1) which determines a playback interval of the musical sound data stored in the storage means (13) based on the control status of the vehicle detected by the vehicle status detection means (11) and controls the musical sound playback means (3) to play the playback interval of the musical sound data are provided.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus comprises an operating member used for changing a sound volume, a display device which displays volume data of the sound volume changed in response to an operation of the operating member and a controller which changes the volume data. An indicator indicates level data changed in response to the operation of the operating member.

Abstract: In order to precisely express motion of a key or motion of a hammer, a voice message for the polyphonic key pressure and another voice message for the control change, which stand idle in an automatic player piano, are used to express rough key position or rough hammer position and an offset from the rough key position or rough hammer position, and the offset is described at a high resolution on an ordinary trajectory between the rest position and the end position and at a low resolution outside of the ordinary trajectory; moreover, the numerical range expressed by the third byte of the voice message for the polyphonic key pressure is divided into two numerical sub-ranges respectively assigned to the keys and hammers so that only a few voice messages are required.

Abstract: A performance control apparatus which can reflect operations carried out by a user on variations in dynamics in real time to achieve performance expressions such as crescendo and decrescendo. A keyboard generates performance timing information in response to performance operations by a user, and performance intensity information. An HDD stores data of a music piece. The data of the music piece is read out from the HDD at a tempo based on the performance timing, and sounding instruction data including information on intensities and volumes of musical tones is generated. If the performance timing coincides with timing in which note information on a musical tone is read out, the sounding instruction data on the musical tone is determined based on the performance intensity information and the volume and intensity of the musical tone included in the read note information.

Abstract: In an electronic keyboard instrument, each key moves from an initial position to a full stroke position via first, second, and third positions sequentially. A velocity detector detects a first key velocity of the key when the key moves from the first position to the second position, and detects a second key velocity of the key when the key further moves from the second position to the third position. A predictor obtains a predicted key-on time and a predicted key velocity based on the first key velocity, provided that the first key velocity is greater than a predetermined threshold velocity. A tone generator generates a musical sound signal based on the first key velocity and the predicted key velocity if the second key velocity is not detected before the predicted key-on time.

Abstract: The invention relates to a computer device comprising a memory 108 for storing audio signals 114, in part pre-recorded, each corresponding to a defined source, by means of spatial position data 116, and a processing module 110 for processing these audio signals in real time as a function of the spatial position data. The processing module 110 allows for the instantaneous power level parameters to be calculated on the basis of audio signals 114, the corresponding sources being defined by instantaneous power level parameters. The processing module 110 comprises a selection module 120 for regrouping certain of the audio signals into a variable number of audio signal groups, and the processing module 110 is capable of calculating spatial position data which is representative of a group of audio signals as a function of the spatial position data 116 and instantaneous power level parameters for each corresponding source.

Abstract: There is provided a musical composition data editing apparatus which enables the generation of musical composition data using which a user can cause his/her own musical image to be reflected to a high degree in a musical composition performance through simple operations, whereby a wide variety of users from beginners having no knowledge of musical composition data such as MIDI data to experts who want to arrange musical compositions in their own manner can be satisfied. A standard musical composition data generating section 230 of a contents server CS refers to musical composition reproduction control codes for controlling reproduction of a musical composition contained in source musical composition data, to determine whether or not a musical image in the musical composition reproduction changes.

Abstract: A music playback unit corrects the frequency characteristics of a speaker installed in a portable telephone, without using an equalizer. The musical score data is stored in a first memory, and data for correcting the velocity of musical score data for each velocity of each note is stored in a second memory. The sound generator driver reads the musical score data from the first memory, and reads the correction data from the second memory, and also corrects the velocity of the musical score data by substituting the musical score data and correction data in a predetermined calculation formula. The musical score data after the velocity is corrected is played by the MIDI sound generator, amplifier and speaker.

Abstract: A system, method and computer readable medium for adjusting volume levels of a Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI) sound file for optimizing play on a sound device. The method on an information processing system includes calculating a first set of loudness levels for each instrument in a MIDI sound file and calculating a second set of loudness levels corresponding to an audio output range of a sound device. The method further includes generating a mapping between the first set of loudness levels and the second set of loudness levels corresponding to the audio output range of the sound device. The method further includes generating a gain term for each note in the MIDI sound file and modifying the MIDI sound file using the second set of loudness levels and the gain term for each note in the MIDI sound file.

Abstract: A soft mute circuit includes a programmable amplifier controlled by a register. Data is stored in the register from an adder that combines the current data in the register with a second number for increasing or decreasing the gain of the amplifier. A summation circuit includes a plurality of inputs coupled by gates to a summation node and the summation node is coupled to an input of the programmable amplifier. The gates are controlled by suitable logic for selecting input signals in any combination. A control loop maintains the gain of the amplifier at a predetermined level.

Abstract: There is provided a musical tone generation control system that, even if the player moves, enables him/her to listen to good musical tones at a location to which the player has moved without the necessity of making adjustments by himself/herself. Information on a position of a listener is detected. A plurality of speakers are provided for sounding musical tones corresponding to a musical tone signal supplied from said tone generator. The volume of musical tones to be sounded from the plurality of speakers according to the detected position.