Abstract: The apparatus and method composes performance information which represents a musical performance on a stringed instrument having a plurality of strings, each string being capable of generating a tone having a pitch which is selectively assigned to each string from among plural pitches available on each string. Upon designation of a chord to be played, the pitches of tones to be respectively assigned to the plurality of strings are determined such that the tones of the determined pitches constitute the designated chord. Then the strings to be assigned for tone generation are designated from among the plurality of strings, and the timing at which the assigned tone is to be generated is designated for each of the designated strings. The data of the tones having the determined pitches are generated, in which the data of each tone represents the tone generation on the designated string and at the designated timing.

Abstract: A chord detecting apparatus includes a computer which, by executing a program, detects chords as designated by player's operation on a keyboard or by key data inputted from an external source. The program includes two kinds of chord detection algorithms, the one for a single finger mode and the other for a fingered chord mode. The apparatus conducts the processing of chord detection under the single finger mode algorithm in preference to the fingered chord mode algorithm, namely the apparatus first tries to detect a chord by the single finger mode rule, and if a chord is detected, such a chord is used for succeeding processes, and if no chord is detected by the single finger rule, the apparatus next tries to detect a chord by the fingered chord mode rule.

Abstract: An automatic accompaniment apparatus stores a plurality of chord variety progression patterns corresponding to the respective types of chords. Each chord variety progression pattern is constituted by a subprogression of plural chords provided for the corresponding chord type. When a player designates chords in progression to be used for an automatic accompaniment performance, the chord type of each designated chord is detected, and each single chord will be substituted by a chord variety progression pattern for the chord type which is the same as such a designated single chord, under the condition that the chord variety progression function is made operative for such a designated chord and that such a designated chord is of a type for which a chord variety progression pattern is provided correspondingly. As the player performs a chord progression of a slower change, the apparatus realizes a modified complex chord progression with a faster chord change to enhance the variousness in chord progressions.

Abstract: An electrical simulator of a plectrum instrument, including:a microprocessor (3) which is suitable to convert a chord set up on a keyboard (13), received by means of a standardized signal, into a chord which is identical but is, in terms of fingering and number of strings, of the type obtained on the instrument to be imitated;elements (7,19), equal in number to the strings of the instrument to be imitated, which are suitable to sequentially undergo a change in state caused by the hand of a user (12) who performs a movement that is identical to the one made to obtain the sound of the instrument to be imitated, and are suitable to send, as a consequence of said change, a signal to said microprocessor (3) to transmit said chord to a sound card by means of a standardized signal.

Abstract: A music composition system, comprising receiving a first harmony including a first melody, analyzing the first harmony to derive in real-time a rule relating the first melody to the first harmony, receiving a second melody, and applying the rule in real-time to the second melody to produce a second harmony relating to the second melody.

Abstract: In a chord progression input/modification device, when a key and a single or two successive reference chords are designated by a user, available chords are acquired and displayed. Any one of the available chords can be used, in consonance with musical theory, to follow or substitute for the single reference chord, or to be inserted between the two reference chords for generating a modified chord progression. The chord progression modification device may be installed in an electronic musical instrument.

Abstract: The apparatus includes a plurality of foot-operated switches, each switch associated with a particular musical note in a selected octave. Additional switches are provided for tempo (beat control) and selection of minor and seventh chord variations. The apparatus includes a processor which produces messages, in response to the switch selections, which have a MIDI format wherein the messages are transmitted to any music sequencer which can use the information therein to produce the audio signals which when amplified and sent to speakers produce the musical chords which the selected switches represent.

Abstract: A method for composing and performing music on an electronic instrument are provided. The method provides a technique in which individual chord progression chords can be triggered in real-time, while simultaneously generating the individual notes of the chord, and/or possible scale and non-scale notes to play along with the chord, and making them available for playing in separate fixed-locations on the instrument. The method of composition involves the designation of a chord progression section on the instrument, then assigning chords or individual chord notes to this chord progression section according to a song key's defined customary scale or customary scale equivalent song keys and scales. Further, as each chord is played in the chord progression section, the individual notes of the currently triggered chords are generated and simultaneously made available for playing in a separate fixed location on the instrument.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and a method for intelligently controlling note inversions during a computer based musical performance. During a musical performance, notes of a track are transposed against a chord. In some instances, the resulting pitch of the transposed note may fall outside of an upper-pitch boundary or a lower-pitch boundary defined for the track. Two additional control mechanisms are examined to determine if the note should be inverted. One mechanism includes a chord inversion mask used for managing the inversion of notes within the context of the chord. Another mechanism includes a track inversion mask defining one or more series of ranges where inversions are allowed. If the pitch of a transposed note exceeds the upper-pitch boundary or the lower-pitch boundary, the chord inversion mask and the track inversion mask are scanned to determine if the note can be inverted.

Abstract: An automatic performance section and an effect imparting section or (and) a pitch measuring section are provided in combination within a single device, and the operations of these sections are collectively controlled by a processor. To an external sound signal input from outside the device, the effect imparting section imparts an effect designated by designating data. For tuning purposes, the pitch measuring section detects zero-cross points of the external sound signal to measure the pitch of the signal. Under the control of the processor, the automatic performance section, which has automatic performance data and change data stored therein, under the control of the processor, reads out the performance data to perform an automatic performance process and also reads out the change data for changing the designating data to thereby change an effect to be imparted.

Abstract: A music composition system, comprising receiving a first harmony including a first melody, analyzing the first harmony to derive in real-time a rule relating the first melody to the first harmony, receiving a second melody, and applying the rule in real-time to the second melody to produce a second harmony relating to the second melody.

Abstract: A pattern memory stores plural accompaniment patterns for each of plural accompaniment components. Each of the accompaniment components is composed of one or more musical instrument parts for an accompaniment performance. There are provided operating members which are used for selectively designating a desired component and a touch sensor for detecting an operation touch applied to the operated operating member. Any of the plural accompaniment patterns corresponding to the designated component is selected in accordance with the detected operation touch, and the selected accompaniment pattern is read out from the memory. The entire accompaniment performance pattern is provided by a combination of the accompaniment patterns thus selected for the respective components. In order to allow the selected pattern to be changed freely, modifiers representing how to make the change may be utilized by the user.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for composing and performing music on an electronic instrument in which individual chord progression chords can be triggered in real-time, while simultaneously making the individual notes of the chord, and/or possible scale and non-scale notes to play along with the chord, available in separate fixed-locations on the instrument. The method of composition involves the designation of a chord progression section on the instrument, then assigning chords to this chord progression section according to particular song keys and scales. Further, as each chord is played in the chord progression section, the individual notes of the currently triggered chords are simultaneously made available for playing in a separate fixed location on the instrument. Fundamental and alternate (fifth) notes of each chord may be made available in separate fixed locations for composing purposes.

Abstract: In accordance with one chord detecting approach, a peak value of the number of notes composing performance data is periodically detected for each predetermined time period and a combination of notes corresponding to the detected peak value is extracted as a representative note combination for the period, so that a chord is detected, for each of the predetermined time periods, on the basis of the extracted combination of notes. In accordance with another chord detecting approach, detection is made of a state of notes composing the performance data at each of three specific timings, i.e., predetermined beat timing, preceding timing slightly before the beat timing and succeeding timing slightly after the beat timing in an automatic accompaniment. A chord is detected on the basis of the thus-detected state of notes.

Abstract: A performance data editing apparatus wherein chords in performance data of a musical tune applied from an external memory element or performance apparatus are detected and normalized into a predetermined tone scale on a basis of their respective types and roots, the musical tune including a plurality of performance parts at least one of which represents the chords indicative of a musical progression having a performance pattern, and wherein the normalized chords are converted on a basis of chords designated to be performed-for production of a desired accompaniment data, thereby to produce edited chords indicative of a progression of the designated chords in the performance pattern.

Abstract: In an automatic accompaniment information producing apparatus, tone pitch information of an accompaniment pattern applied from an external device is converted in tone pitch in accordance with a designation chord, an original chord based on the accompaniment pattern and attribute information of the tone pitch information, the converted tone pitch information is produced as automatic accompaniment information.

Abstract: A chord information generating apparatus and a chord information generating method, for detecting a key depression state every time when keys in a specific key area are depressed, forming data which represents a skilled person or a beginner on the basis of the result of the above detection, sequentially accumulating the data in RAM, detecting the depression of one or two keys when the depression of keys in the specific key area is detected, and generating chord information for generating at least three chord tones when it is decided on the data accumulated in the RAM that the player is a beginner, or generating chord information for generating tones corresponding to the detected key-depression state when the above is not the case.

Abstract: A performance information analyzer wherein one of tone pitch information data applied thereto in response to progress of performance of a musical tune is analyzed into one of plural performance parts on a basis of a difference in tone pitch between the one of the tone pitch information data and a reference tone pitch information data previously assigned to a predetermined part of the plural performance parts during prior analysis of the tone pitch information and the other tone pitch information data are analyzed into the other performance parts on a basis of a difference in tone pitch between the analyzed tone pitch information data and each of the other tone pitch information data.

Abstract: When a switching operation from a normal pattern to a special pattern is instructed while an automatic accompaniment operation is being executed using normal pattern data, the pattern to be read out is switched from the normal pattern to the special pattern in accordance with the instruction. In this case, when it is instructed to switch the pattern within the instructed bar, only a rhythm part of a plurality of parts is switched from the normal pattern to the special pattern. When it is instructed to switch the pattern at the beginning of the next bar, other parts in addition to the rhythm part are switched from the normal patterns to the special patterns.

Abstract: An automatic accompaniment apparatus which performs automatic accompaniment with a natural sounding advancement of chords. In the automatic accompaniment apparatus, one of component sounds of a chord which has a particular position in the order of the pitch is set as a reference part sound. The inversion type of chord is determined from the reference part sound, and then sounds of the chord are produced in accordance with the inversion type thus determined. The apparatus determines, as production of sounds of chords proceeds, a reference part sound of a present chord in accordance with a musical interval relationship of component sounds of the present chord to another reference part sound of a preceding chord and in accordance with a preset rule. The inversion type of the present chord is determined by the reference part sound.

Abstract: A CPU extracts a specified number of tones, in order of lower pitch from among notes of pressed keys and then determines a chord based on the specified tones so that a musical relationship can be established between the tones corresponding to the depressed keys and the generated chord, thus eliminating incongruity in the performance. In addition, since the chord detection is made based on the specified number of tones, there is no need to play all the constituent notes of the chord. Moreover, by storing chord pattern abbreviations in chord table memory, chords are detected in the manner that of frequently occurring abbreviated chord patterns are prioritized over infrequently occurring chord patterns.

Abstract: The voice processor includes a microphone for a device for inputting a voice signal, a device for inputting chord information from an electronic musical instrument or the like, a converter for converting the pitch of the voice signal into a specified pitch according to the chord information, a mixer for mixing the input voice signal and a pitch-converted voice signal, and a loudspeaker for outputting the mixed signal. The pitch of the input voice signal is converted into such one as will be consonant with the chord information or as will coincide therewith and thereafter the pitch converted signal will be output along with the input voice signal.

Abstract: A pitch control system for the automatic pitch correction according to a harmony-dependent tuning, especially the harmonic tuning, for a musical instrument, having an input device for the input of note input signals in a pre-determined fixed tuning, especially the tempered tuning, and having a note generation device to which the note input signals are applicable, comprises a chord recognition circuit which ascertains at each input signal pattern corresponding to a chord whether this input signal pattern corresponds to a chord pattern from a pre-determined quantity of chord patterns, a signal pattern store circuit in which for each chord pattern of the pre-determined quantity of chord patterns a signal pattern is stored, and a control circuit which, when the chord recognition circuit ascertains that an input signal pattern is present corresponding to one of the pre-determined chord patterns, causes the signal pattern store circuit to emit the signal pattern, corresponding to the ascertained chord pattern, to t

Abstract: Dynamic correction of a musical instrument input data stream providing a transposed musical context in conjunction with local scale and harmony corrections. Local corrections are applied with respect to a reference sequence and the time delay of local corrections may be varied by the user.

Abstract: An automatic accompaniment instrument detects a change in a chord progression formed of a sequence of chords. A pitch of an accompaniment tone to be reproduced is controlled based on a present chord and/or an immediately following chord of the chord progression, as well as on a pitch of an accompaniment tone generated on an immediately preceding occasion, when a change in the chord progression is detected.

Abstract: An automatic accompaniment apparatus employs a chord designating section, a pattern memory, special operation designating section, a pattern read out section, a note conversion section and a tone generator. The chord designating section designates a root and a type of a chord. The pattern memory stores a performance pattern containing note data which designate tone pitches of musical tones. The pattern read out section sequentially reading out the note data from the pattern memory durring the automatic accompaniment. The note conversion section carrying out a note correction operation corresponding to the type designated by the chord designating section on the note data read out by the pattern read out section when the special operation is not designated. In contrast, the note conversion section outputs the note data read out from the pattern memory when the special operation is designated by the special operation designating section.

Abstract: This electronic musical instrument, having several sound sources, can generate one tone several times according to tone generation one operation, and generate chord. It can control the tone generation level and tone generation timing based on the instruction input and tempo clock.

Abstract: A chord information output apparatus according to the present invention includes a keyboard, a key depression information detector, a chord detector for detecting a chord according to key information detected by the key depression information detector, and an internal information output section for sending detected chord information to an external device. The chord information output apparatus detects a chord upon keyboard key depression, and outputs the chord as chord information to an external device.

Abstract: A tonality extractor analyzes a chord progression (CP) to determine an available pitch class set (PCS) at each chord time of CP using stored musical knowledge base. The available PCS is determined differently depending on musical situations. A resultant PCS succession is most accurate and assures a natural stream of musical tonality free of a spurious modulation. An automatic accompaniment apparatus utilizes the tonality extractor for desired accompaniment performance. A modulation compensator avoids generation of a pitch range shift in the accompaniment line at the time of modulation (change of key). A style-grouped pitch change table in combination with a style-grouped reference accompaniment pattern memory optimizes accompaniment pitch contents to respective musical styles while requiring only a small storage space.

Abstract: An automatic accompaniment device for generating chords in an electronic musical instrument. This device has a chord type information generator which indicates one of the type of chords being produced; a chord root information generator which indicates the pitch name of a root note of the chord type; and a chord bass information generator which indicates the pitch name of the lowest note of the chord type. The information from the three generators is used by an accompaniment pattern information generator to generate pattern information relating to the chord type, chord root and chord bass information. For each tone of the pattern, the pattern information contains the pitch name of a note in the chord and non chord tone of a note not present in the chord. An accompaniment pattern is generated with the accompaniment pattern information to change the pitch name of each chord tone in relation to the bass chord.

Abstract: In an automatic accompaniment-playing apparatus, when an accompaniment pattern corresponding to a detected chord is not stored as information in a memory, an accompaniment pattern as information read from the memory in accordance with the priority level is changed so as to be suited to the detected chord. In a chord detecting apparatus, inversion modes are obtained based on an information-on-depressed-key so as to determine chords relative to the inversion modes obtained in this way. Then, the chords determined in this way are weighted, and a chord weighted at the maximum level out of the chords thus weighted is determined as one based on the above information-on-depressed-key.

Abstract: Root and type of a chord are discriminated at discriminators in accordance with the operation status on a fingerboard. The chord is designated according to a simplified fingering rule predetermined on the fingerboard so as to designate the chord.

Abstract: An electronic musical instrument with pads is provided with a plurality of pads, a pad operation detection device, and a chord data generation device which generates specified chord data corresponding to a pad when the pad has been operated a second time within a specified time. Since chord data previously corresponds to each pad, if a player operates a pad two times within the specified time, chord data corresponding to that pad is generated. This chord data is provided to an accompaniment playing device and accompaniment playing is performed.

Abstract: A device for detecting data of contents of accompaniment for use in an electronic musical instrument in which the detection of data representing contents of a bass accompaniment is effected independently of the detection of data representing contents of a chord accompaniment, by separately providing a first portion for indicating pitches composing a chord to be performed and a second portion for indicating the lowest pitch of a bass accompaniment pattern in a pitch indicating unit and detecting pitches indicated in the second portion. Thus, data representing contents of a bass accompaniment and data representing contents of a chord accompaniment can be separately detected, whereby the electronic musical instrument can perform a bass accompaniment independent of a chord accompaniment, and thus the variety of a performance can be increased.

Abstract: The automatic accompaniment device is constructed such as to convert tone data of a preset accompaniment pattern according to inputted or detected chords so as to generate matched accompaniment sounds. The tonality of performed music is detected by comparison between constituent notes of detected 7th chord or 7sus4 chord and those of a preceding detected chord, based on occurrence of note coincidence therebetween. A particular note name is determined for adjustment based on the detected tonality. The device designates a key code of chord constituent note corresponding to the determined note name so as to adjust the key code, thereby performing automatic performance in conformity with the tonality in natural manner.

Abstract: A microcomputer based music apparatus allows a user to gain efficient access to a desired chord progression (CP). To this end, the apparatus includes a chord progression database (CPDB) containing a large collection of practical CPs with various kinds of style and harmonic rhythm. A database localizing manager provides a localized virtual space of CPs preselected from CPDB in accordance with the user's musical tastes and intentions. To help the user think of a melody and its harmonization in an integrated mental process, a suitability testing feature evaluates suitability between a CP (from CPDB) and a melody (supplied from the user) based on stored melody pattern rules. A music editor electronically manages (edits) structures of an intended music piece and provides a desired chain of phrases (each including attributes, CP and melody) in accordance with user's commands to construct a desired music piece, thus aiding the user's music composing activities.

Abstract: A musical tone data compensation apparatus which detects chord components in a performance data stored in accordance with operation of a keyboard and modifies touch data of each tone composing a chord. New touch data are generated by compression or expansion of each difference in touch data with referring to a representative touch data in a block of chord tones, so that emphasis or smoothness is given to a sequence of chords.

Abstract: A tonality determining apparatus provides a tonality analysis of a chord progression. The apparatus includes a chord function knowledge database storing musical knowledge of evaluating a function of each chord in the chord progression. A keynote and function progression extractor determines a keynote and function of each chord in the chord progression from a chord progression input device in accordance with the function knowledge database. From the extractor's results a tonality data generator produces tonality data defining a pitch class set available in each chord time interval. The tonality determining apparatus is applied to an accompaniment apparatus for playing an accompaniment with a desired tonality.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of a dual filter duet-sound generating method, by allowing an electronic musical instrument with duet-note capability to simultaneously output a harmonious chord in an instrument voice different from that of the depressed melody keyboard note, each duet note being respectively output in different instrument's voice. The electronic musical instrument for carrying out the invention includes: a microputer 11 for control, a sound-generator IC 21 for generating a duet-sound, a plurality of instrument voice filters, a plurality of buffers connected between the sound-generator and the instrument voice filters, a plurality of inventers for control, a plurality of switches at the user interface, a musical keyboard, amplifiers, and a speaker to produce musical sounds.

Abstract: A microprocessor-based electronic guitar generates a music signal for driving an integral speaker. The electronic guitar includes a housing defining a neck and a body, a plurality of manually actuatable strings secured to the body, and a plurality of pushbuttons distributed along the neck, the strings and pushbuttons being operable by the player for controlling the composition of the music signal generated by the microprocessor. The electronic guitar is playable in a chord mode wherein the microprocessor, upon striking the strings, generates a music signal corresponding to chord sounds, a lead mode wherein the microprocessor, upon striking the strings, generates a music signal corresponding to individual notes, and an automatic mode wherein the microprocessor, upon striking the strings, generates a predetermined chord progression defining a stored melody.

Abstract: A melody analyzer is provided which analyzes a given melody with respect to individual melody notes therein. In an embodiment, chord data in the form of a specific root and type, and tonality data in the form of a specific key note and mode are supplied to the melody analyzer. A chord note generator produces from the supplied chord a pitch class set of chord notes thereof while an available note generator develops from the supplied tonality and chord a pitch class set of available notes. A separator classifies each melody note into a harmonic tone and a nonharmonic tone in accordance with the chord note pitch class set. Another separator labels each melody note with either an available note or an unavailable note in accordance with the available note pitch class set. A motion evaluator evaluates motions in the supplied melody.

Abstract: An automatic accompaniment apparatus plays, in real-time, an accompanimental line that is subordinated to a melodic line and formed by a succession of harmonic and nonharmonic tones. The apparatus comprises a key determining unit which determines a key in the current chord interval from a series of chords supplied from a musical performance input unit such as a keyboard, an arpeggio generator which forms the arpeggio portion of accompanimental line in the current chord interval by using the members of the current chord, and a nonharmonic generator which produces the nonharmonic portion of accompanimental line in the current chord interval by selecting nonharmonic tones from a scale having the determined key. In an embodiment, there is further provided a knowledge memory storing knowledge of classifying nonharmonic tones and an accompaniment memory storing accompanimental pattern data forming the basis of the final accompanimental line.