Abstract: A variable displacement hydraulic/pump motor has a yoke with a pair of shafts aligned to define a yoke pivot axis and connected to a valve plate therebetween having intake and discharge apertures. A rotatable cylinder barrel has piston cylinders open at one end to receive a piston head and opening through fluid ports at another end, flush against the valve plate surface. A drive block is mounted on an input/output shaft for rotation about a central axis of rotation inclined at an angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder barrel which may be changed by a drive engaging the yoke at a point near its pivot axis. Loads on bushings supporting the yoke shafts are reduced by providing radially extending fluid ports in the shafts and in communication with the intake and discharge apertures of the valve plate.

Abstract: The engine comprises a housing, a rotor, which is mounted in the housing for rotation about its axis. The rotor has a pair radially opposite cylinders spaced radially and apart from its axis of rotation. A piston spaced in each of the cylinders. Gas intake and gas exhaust may take place through the ducts in the body of the rotor. There is a rotary ring mounted in the housing which rotates about its axis of rotation being parallel and spaced apart from the rotor axis. The rotary ring has been connected to the pistons for rotation therewith and being impelled to rotate in the same direction and with the same velocity relative to the rotor by pins of the rotor. The pressure in the cylinders acts on the rotor being eccentrical relative to the axis of rotation of the rotary ring and so affords power.

Abstract: A linear actuator for a rotating shaft assembly is provided that includes a cylinder member and a primary piston arranged within a cavity defined by the cylinder member. A first face of the primary piston delimits a first chamber within the cavity and a second face of the primary piston delimits a second chamber within the cavity. A rotatable shaft is fixed to the primary piston and defines a first main passage in fluid communication with the first chamber and a second main passage in fluid communication with the second chamber. A pressure delivery body is rotatably fixed to the rotatable shaft and defines a first delivery passage in fluid communication with the first main passage and a second delivery passage in fluid communication with the second main passage.

Abstract: A variable displacement hydraulic/pump motor has a yoke with a pair of shafts aligned to define a yoke pivot axis and connected to a valve plate therebetween having intake and discharge apertures. A rotatable cylinder barrel has piston cylinders open at one end to receive a piston head and opening through fluid ports at another end, flush against the valve plate surface. A drive block is mounted on an input/output shaft for rotation about a central axis of rotation inclined at an angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder barrel which may be changed by a drive engaging the yoke at a point near its pivot axis. Loads on bushings supporting the yoke shafts are reduced by providing radially extending fluid ports in the shafts and in communication with the intake and discharge apertures of the valve plate.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for operating and arrangement of a pneumatic piston engine. The pneumatic piston engine (1) includes a cylinder (2) including a piston (3) kinematically joined via a crank (4) to a crankshaft (5) and a working chamber (6) supplied with a means (7) for supply of compressed air and a means (8) for exhaust of air. The starting of supply of compressed air is realized while the piston (3) is in the region within the range from 40° before top dead center to 25° after top center by angle of rotation o the crank of the crankshaft depending on engine speed, and the ending of supply is realized while the piston (3) is in the region within the range from 0° to 90° after top dead center by angle of rotation of the crank of the crankshaft. In particular case when engine speed is 2.

Abstract: A pump apparatus includes an outer cylindrical housing having end plates, and a power conversion assembly supported for rotation within the outer housing. A torque input shaft provided on one of the end plates has a "primary" gear on its free end. The inner housing includes a crank case within which cylinders are arranged at spaced radial locations. Double-acting pistons are housed within the cylinders. Crank members supported by the crank case for rotation are coupled to the pistons via force transmitting elements to drive the pistons with reciprocating motion in the cylinders. Each of the crank members includes a "secondary" gear engaged with the primary gear. Each crank member includes a linkage coupled with a piston rod so that the pistons are driven in reciprocating motion in the cylinders.

Abstract: A piston machine has two pistons which reciprocate in two cylinders. The cylinders define working chambers in which a working medium can either be compressed by the pistons or can exert pressure on the pistons. The pistons are connected to a crankshaft via two connecting rods which are pivotally connected to the same crank pin. The interior of the crankcase forms a third working chamber. The crankshaft is formed as a rotary slide valve which, in operation, connects the first working chamber to the third working chamber and the second working chamber to a working medium supply or discharge opening. The piston machine can be used either as an engine (such as an expansion motor driven by compressed gas) or as a working machine (such as a machine which produces compressed gas). In another embodiment, the rotary slide valve has a rotor which is formed by the crankcase and a stator which is a ring housing.

Abstract: An hydraulic centrifugal piston motor having mulitple piston circumferentially disposed at right angle to shaft axis, having a rotational power moment that occurs twice each revolution for each cylinder. The power stroke for each cylinder would occur for a duration of 90 degrees twice during each 360 degree operating cycle. Hydraulic input is applied to opposing pairs of cylinders and overlap of successive power strokes provide rotational balance and cancels net reaction forces applied to the bearings. Another feature of the motor would be the particular design of the power transfer device. The thrust of the power transfer device is applied axially to the drive shaft providing a smooth transfer between the hydraulic input power and the mechanical output power.

Abstract: The former art provides multi-stroke hydrostatic motors, which perform at a single revolution of the rotor multiple inward and outward strokes of the pistons. A high torque was thereby obtained. The invention discovers, that the know multi-stroke motors have still relatively short piston strokes in relation to the diameter of the rotor.The invention increases the efficiency of multiple stroke motors by the provision of control communications to control the flow of fluid pressure into pockets open to the piston faces and cylinder walls, whereby the torque of the rotor is transferred from the pistons to the cylinder walls by high pressure fluid in the pockets. The invention also provides radial guide extensions to enlarge the stroke of the pistons in a given size and weight of the device combined with the partial movement of the pockets along the guide extensions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for extracting heat and mechanical energy from a pressured gas utilizes a plurality of peripherally spaced cylinders fixedly mounted in generally tangential relationship about a rotatable power output shaft. A unidirectional clutch is mounted on the shaft and the pistons provided for each cylinder are respectively provided with pivoted connecting rod connections to the outer housing of the unidirectional clutch so that movement of the pistons from the outer ends of the cylinders toward the inner ends will effect rotation of the output shaft, while reverse movement of the pistons in the cylinders will have no effect on the rotation of the output shaft. The cylinders are preferably mounted in a cylindrical wall of a hollow housing defining a sealed internal fluid pressure chamber communicating with the inner ends of each of the cylinders.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing a reciprocating oscillation of a power output shaft comprises a plurality of peripherally spaced cylinders disposed in generally tangential relationship to the periphery of a cylindrical fluid pressure chamber and connected at their inner ends to such fluid pressure chamber. The gas pressure in such chamber is regulated to maintain a selected value above ambient. Cooperating pistons in each of the cylinders are interconnected by connecting rods to a spoke-like rocker element which is freely oscillatable about the output shaft to which the housing defining the cylindrical fluid pressure chamber is secured for co-rotation. A flywheel mass is connected to the spokes of the rocker element. Inlet and exhaust valves are provided in a cylinder head mounted in the outer end of each cylinder and are operable by contact with the outer face of the respective piston.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for producing rotation of a power output shaft comprises a plurality of peripherally spaced cylinders disposed in generally tangential relationship to the periphery of a housing defining a cylindrical fluid pressure chamber and connected at their inner ends to such fluid pressure chamber. The housing is mounted on, and co-rotatable with the output shaft. The gas pressure in such chamber is regulated to maintain a selected value above ambient. Cooperating pistons in each of the cylinders are interconnected by connecting rods to a unidirectional clutch mounted in the fluid pressure chamber on a fixed shaft, thus forcing the cylinders to rotate when pressured gas is introduced in the outer ends of the cylinders. Inlet and exhaust valves are provided in a cylinder head mounted in the outer end of each cylinder and are operable by contact with the outer face of the respective piston.

Abstract: A spherical gear pump comprises a housing with a first longitudinal axis, a spherical seat, an inlet and outlet adjacent the seat, inlet and outlet passages communicating with the inlet and outlet and adapted for connection to a source of liquid and a liquid load. A hemispherical gear is rotatively mounted within the seat and includes a plurality of peripherally spaced radial gear teeth and a drive shaft for rotation about the first axis. A hemispherical cam is adjustably positioned within the spherical seat having an arc less than 180.degree., and radial cam surfaces facing the spherical gear. A plurality of separate symmetrical radial gear teeth are pivotally mounted within and between the teeth of the spherical gear with each separate gear tooth having a radial top wall centrifugally biased against the cam surfaces on rotation of the spherical gear and a bottom wall adapted for pivotal movements within planes passing through the first axis on rotation of the separate gear teeth over the cam surfaces.

Abstract: A rotational machine developed mechanical power from the reciprocation of a free-piston in a closed cylinder to drive a mechanical output shaft or electrical generator or conversely operated in a pumping mode utilizes the rotation of an output drive to pump fluid by means of the free piston. The machine generally described has a frame means or outer body rotating about a first axis or shaft, a carrier means rotating about a second axis orthogonal to the first axis, the chamber or cylinder extending generally parallel to the second axis and orthogonal to the first axis. As the frame means rotates and the piston reciprocates, the reaction forces on the piston are translated into a torque producing rotation of the carrier means. Power is therefore developed at the carrier means in the engine mode of operation. Frame means rotation is effected by coupling to the carrier means or an independent prime mover.

Abstract: A reciprocating piston machine useful as a pump, a hydraulic motor or an internal combustion engine has a plurality of cylinders in a carrier surrounding a central shaft. The carrier is in turn surrounded by a ported manifold. The carrier and manifold are adapted for relative rotation one to another such that the cylinders periodically open to the ported manifold. Pistons within the cylinders each describe a path in the carrier tangent to a circle in the plane of rotation of the carrier. A gear fixed to the manifold housing about the central shaft induces relative motion between the manifold and the carrier by linkage including gears and shafts and connecting rods of the pistons.In the motor and pump mode, the machine is valveless, and in the engine mode a single valve per cylinder completes the valving functions necessary for an internal combustion engine. A valving cam fixed to the manifold housing biases valving lever arms as relative motion between the manifold housing and the carrier is accomplished.

Abstract: A rotary machine such as a pump, compressor or internal combustion engine comprises blades or pistons pivotally mounted on a rotor for cooperation with an inner cylindrical wall of a stator. A mechanism controlling the angular position of the blades or pistons comprises one or more connecting rods pivoted at one end on an axle of the stator eccentric to the rotor axis and at another end on a lever fixed for pivoting with the corresponding blade(s) or piston(s). For a machine with blades, this control mechanism is housed in a lateral cover on the stator, and for a machine with pistons, it is disposed within the rotor.

Abstract: This invention provides a power converting device capable of use as a pump and as a motor. The device includes a rotor shaped like a disc and secured to a shaft about which it rotates. Provided in the rotor are a plurality of piston chambers extending from the outer circumferential surface inwardly at an angle to a radiant from the axis. Each of the chambers opens through both side walls of the rotor, and each contains a piston. Each of the pistons is pivoted on either side to an arcuate drive segment adapted to move around an annular recessed channel within structure which defines a stationary enclosure for the rotor. There are two annular recessed channels, one on either side of the rotor, and the channels are aligned with each other and eccentrically located with respect to the axis of the rotor. With this arrangement, rotation of the rotor within the stationary enclosure is simultaneous with reciprocatory movement of the pistons in their respective piston chambers.

Abstract: A driving mechanism for a vehicle wheel includes a housing and piston-cylinder assemblies pivoted to side plates of the housing. Each assembly communicates with hydraulic fluid under pressure and a reciprocating piston rod of each assembly drives a pinion through a surrounding eccentric and driving ring when the assembly is rocked about its pivot connection. The assemblies with corresponding pinions are located around and in mesh with the outer periphery of a central pinion that is fixed to an output shaft to rotate the wheel. As each assembly rocks, a sliding valve within a control valve housing opens and closes return and inlet fluid ducts. An anchorage links each sliding valve to the housing for the mechanism. The latter housing affords the connection between the wheel and the vehicle frame and includes two spaced apart plates with strips between the plates that leave upper and lower blocks.

Abstract: A uniflow steam engine of the multi-cylinder type wherein the cylinders are rotatably mounted within a jacket having a sinusoidal cam track therein. Extending through slots, the ends of which are the exhaust ports in the cylinders and into the cam track are cam followers which are mounted on the pistons for reciprocable movement therewith. At the head end of the cylinders there are apertures which rotate with registered cutouts in superimposed valve rings that control the flow of steam from manifolds at the head ends of each of the cylinders into the cylinders as the cylinders rotate. By adjusting the relative position between the valve rings, the length of time of steam introduced on each cycle may be adjusted and by concomitantly rotating both valve rings, the initial time for introduction of steam may be adjusted to alter lead or reverse torque.