Abstract: A well pumping unit comprising a double acting hydraulic cylinder actuator supported on a mast above a wellhead and having a piston rod connected directly to the polish rod of an elongated subsurface pump rod string. A generally cylindrical annular counterweight is disposed around the mast and is interconnected with the cylinder actuator by flexible chains trained over crown sheaves and travelling sheaves connected to the upper piston rod offsetting the weight of the pump rod string and at least a portion of the weight of the fluid column in the well. The pumping unit is controlled by a hydraulic control system including a directional control valve and flow control valves for selectively controlling the strokes of the cylinder actuator. A hydraulic pressure load sensing system measures total load on the rod string and provides for automatic shutdown of the actuator if the fluid level in the well is pumped below a predetermined level.

Abstract: A fluid pressure operated device comprises a body adapted for moving an article and carrying magnets coupled to other magnets on a piston movable by fluid pressure in a cylinder. The body also carries spaced magnets and another piston carries spaced magnets. In a start position, one of said body magnets and one of said piston magnets are coupled. During normal operation the body and pistons move to another position in which the one body magnet operates a return sensor to return the device to start position. If an obstacle is encountered, the piston moves to release another sensor to reverse the device for a short stroke where a timer again reverses the fluid pressure to complete the stroke. Engagement with a second obstacle or a repeat engagement with the first obstacle returns the device to the start position and a warning alerts an operator to remove the obstruction.

Abstract: A fluid pressure-intensifying apparatus of the double-acting type has an elongated cylindrical housing that encloses the low pressure and high pressure chambers and compressively position and restrains the elements that make up the low and high pressure chambers under operating conditions. Hydraulic working fluid 4-way control valve solenoids are actuated by an actuating piston assembly mounted in fluid communication with the low pressure working fluid chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an improved pumping system for self-contained and, if desirable, portable machines adapted to efficiently spray or squeegee viscous sealing fluids on roadway pavement and parking lots, which fluids may contain suspended solid matter. For example, this fluid pumping assembly is especially suitable for spraying asphaltic or coal-tar-pitch emulsions containing sand onto asphalt road surfaces. Also disclosed is an improved hydraulic drive cylinder assembly and control means therefor employing an improved electrically controlled hydraulically operated drive network.

Abstract: For use with a pumped well having a string of sucker rods connecting to a downhole pump, hydraulic pumping apparatus is disclosed. In the preferred and illustrated embodiment, a polished rod is surrounded by a selectively located sleeve. The sleeve locks to a piston in a hydraulic cylinder. The piston is forced upwardly. The length of stroke is adjusted. The location of the sleeve on the polished rod is likewise adjustable. This enables the device to be adjusted so that any length of sucker rods can be accommodated without requiring cutting sucker rods to achieve a particular length. Moreover, the length of stroke is adjustable to take into account the stroke of the pump and sucker rod elongation during operation.

Abstract: A fluid operated cylinder is suspended from a crane by a cable and has a piston rod connected by a cable to a cleaning unit for supporting the cleaning unit within the screened inlet portion of a water well casing extending into the ground. Air is supplied to the cylinder through a solenoid valve which is controlled in response to movement of the piston to produce reciprocation of the piston and corresponding movement of the cleaning unit within the well casing.

Abstract: A double-acting air-powered diaphragm pump having a pair of identical pump assemblies detachably secured within a frame-like manifold assembly. Each of the pump assemblies contains a pair of mating halves and a web-like resilient diaphragm defining an air cavity and a fluid cavity. Each of the diaphragms is operated by means of a centrally attached shaft, the facing ends of the shafts being joined by a chain link which allows for potential misalignment. The pump assemblies, which are substantially identical in construction, may be easily and individually removed from the manifold assembly for repair or replacement.

Abstract: A compressed air propulsion system is provided to be adapted for use with a vehicle, and comprises a transaxle mechanism adapted to be mounted to and driven by the vehicle wheels, and an air compressor coupled to the output shaft of the transaxle mechanism to be driven thereby. The air compressor supplies a flow of compressed air to an air distributor system connected to the vehicle engine. The air distributor system comprises a plurality of solenoids connected to the air lines leading to the engine cylinders, and a respective plurality of microswitches are electrically connected to the solenoids to sequentially operate the solenoids for sequentially supplying compressed air to the engine cylinders. The microswitches are sequentially actuated mechanically by a rotor secured to the distributor shaft, which is coupled to the vehicle crankshaft. An accelerator is also provided for controllably varying the flow rate of compressed air to the air distributor system.

Abstract: A hydrostatic or pneumatic drive for driving a mass to be accelerated and decelerated, such as in a die casting or injection moulding machine, has a controllable valve arrangement which is operable to vary the fluid flow rate therethrough. The fluid flow rate is controlled by a reference value control generator operable to produce a ramp having superimposed thereon further control pulses. Such control pulses are a positive control pulse at the beginning of the rising slope and at the end of the falling slope of the ramp and a negative control pulse at the end of the rising slope and at the beginning of the falling slope of the ramp. Each control pulse has a volume which corresponds to a so-called compression volume factor which reflects the compressibility of the fluid used in the drive and also of the elasticity of ducts which expand by fluid pressure.

Abstract: A reciprocating ram pump of the well known Willett's type is provided with electrical sensors (S1 and S2) and a solenoid operated valve (56) for controlling reversal of the ram at its delivery and suction stroke limits. The sensor outputs are employed for the purpose of counting the number of strokes executed by the ram in a counting circuit (22) which can be preset by means of keyboard (26) to count until a stroke count corresponding to the preset value (or a threshold value close thereto) as been reached whereupon a warning signal may be produced. The number of strokes counted may be indicated on display (28) for example after conversion into a parameter such as total volume delivered. The preset value entered from the keyboard (26) may likewise be displayed. The sensor outputs may additionally be employed to control a timing circuit (24) which can be preset to time a certain interval corresponding to the delivery stroke rate of the pump falling to or below a certain level.

Abstract: The present system and apparatus for pumping an oil well damps out the stretch and over travel in sucker rod over travel particularly when the rod string approaches its point of reversal of direction either up or down. This is accomplished by decelerating the rate of travel of the rod string and at its end of travel pausing for a time period sufficient to allow rod string oscillations to damp out prior to reversal of rod string direction which due to the long length of the rod string, its weight and the weight of the trapped oil avoids breaking the rod string and the time loss occasioned thereby in both loss of well production and costly replacement of equipment and the time loss resulting therefrom.The present invention also achieves substantial recovery of hi-viscosity oil not recoverable at present by standard recovery procedures. This is accomplished with a sensor positioned to be actuated by the ram of the hydraulic drive.

Abstract: A pumping unit for wells which is hydraulically powered and adapted to replace or used in lieu of conventional pump jacks. The hydraulic system utilized with the hydraulically operated pumping unit includes an accumulator system which stores energy produced by gravity induced downward movement of the pump rod and other pump components during the down stroke and automatically utilizes this stored energy to assist in lifting the pump components and the column of production fluid thereby increasing the efficiency of the pumping unit.

Abstract: A magnetic snap-action directional control valve mechanism preferably for use with a fluid pressure actuated reciprocating motor or pump (28). A driven member, represented by a tie rod assembly (42) in the described preferred embodiment, is caused to reciprocate at the same frequency as the reciprocating motor (28) due to contact of the driven member by a sealing member within the motor as represented by a piston (36) in the described preferred embodiment. The driven member includes a magnetic area which magnetically interacts with another magnetic area on the valve core of the magnetic directional control valve, thus causing the valve core (19) to also reciprocate at the motor frequency. Due to the nature of the magnetic interaction between the magnetic areas, the valve core (19) reciprocates in a snap-action fashion.

Abstract: A working head is adapted to impart reciprocal motion under a predetermined amount of force to a plunger through a working and return cycle and at a controllable rate of speed. A fluid circuit includes delivery and return lines extending between a source of fluid under pressure and the working head, and pilot control means associated with the fluid pressure source is operative to regulate the working and return cycle. The working head has a plurality of annular flexible casings of toroidal configuration with opposite sidewalls terminating in mutually opposed, inner bead-like edges and interconnecting means extending between the edges of adjacent casings serve to interconnect the casings in sealed, coaxially spaced relation to one another. Closures at opposite ends of the plurality of casings define a common sealed chamber therebetween. A support member fixes one end of the chamber against movement and permits axial expansion and contraction of the opposite end of the chamber with respect to the fixed end.

Abstract: An improved injector pump (10) is the subject matter of this application. The pump (10) includes a piston (44) freely disposed for reciprocation within a chamber (32). The piston (44) has an aperture (62) extending axially therethrough. A valve member (96) is disposed within the aperture (62) for rotation therein. Means are provided for rotating the valve member (96) between first and second positions, and operating fluid is channeled to opposite sides of the piston (44) depending upon the position of the valve member (96). Means (114, 118, 122, 124) are provided to move the valve member (96) between its first and second positions. Plungers (50, 52) extend in opposite axial directions from the piston (44) to effect pumping of the product fluid.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved pump jack characterized by a hollow piston rod which telescopes down over the sucker rod to which it is clamped for reciprocating motion. The cylinder, in turn, is fastened in fixed position directly to the upper exposed end of the well casing. As fluid is introduced into the lower end of the cylinder it raises the piston into engagement with a pushrod housed in the upper cylinder head that lifts switch-actuating means associated therewith into a position operative to actuate a switch located adjacent thereto thereby causing the latter to change state and actuate a multi-function solenoid valve so as to cut off fluid flow to the cylinder. As gravity lowers the sucker rod and piston exhausting the hydraulic fluid therebeneath, an adjustable stop engages the pushrod from above so as to return it together with the switch-actuating means associated therewith to their original positions thereby resetting the switch to complete the operating cycle.

Abstract: A pump jack drive apparatus includes a pair of hydraulic cylinders connected to a walking beam of the pump jack for reciprocating the horsehead, and a pair of microswitches or proximity switches which are closed by the walking beam at the limits of the stroke thereof for controlling such stroke. The cylinders are driven and controlled by a pump and control unit which includes a valve for feeding hydraulic fluid to one or the other of the hydraulic cylinders, a control cylinder for controlling the valve, and two solenoid operated control valves for controlling movement of the control cylinder in response to closing of the switches by the walking beam.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for pumping fluids, especially viscous and/or abrasive fluids, are disclosed. The method comprises using one working fluid to pump an intermediate working fluid, which may be different from the first working fluid, through a conduit system in a smooth and continuous pulsating manner. The intermediate fluid pumps the process fluid through the actual pumping zone. Heat exchange between the intermediate and process fluids may be effected, e.g. by counterflow. The preferred apparatus comprises a hydraulically operated displacement pump. A tubular diaphragm pump is coupled in-line in a pipe line. The tubular diaphragm pump includes a housing coupled to the pipe line, and a tubular diaphragm coupled to the housing in such a manner that the process fluid flows from the pipe line, through the interior of the tubular diaphragm and back into the pipe line. A check valve insures that the process fluid passes through the tubular diaphragm in a single direction.

Abstract: An oil well pump driving unit with a horizontally disposed hydraulic cylinder having a cylinder rod coupled to a drive rope extending into a pumping tee-stuffing box arrangement for driving the sucker rod string leading to a conventional oil well reciprocating pump. The drive rope extends over a first rotating sheave mounted near the wellhead and passes over a second rotating sheave mounted on a carriage which traverses a carriage channel in a draw works on which the hydraulic cylinder is mounted. A hydraulic drive/control system utilizing limit switches on the draw works provides control over the stroke position, the stroke length, and the stroke rate.

Abstract: A petroleum pumping unit which is especially suitable for use in remote oil fields and under unpredictable pumping conditions is disclosed. The petroleum pumping unit of the present invention, which is easily movable between a folded, collapsed position for storage and shipment and an erect position for pumping operations, includes a horizontal support platform on which is pivotally mounted a mast assembly including a pair of masts spaced outwardly from the centrally positioned well polish rod. The polish rod is engaged by a notch in a horizontal, vertically movable bridle and is powered by at least one pair of flexibly mounted hydraulic cylinders and associated piston rods attached to the bridle and positioned between the polish rod and the masts and parallel thereto. Vertical movement of the bridle and, therefore, the stroke of the polish rod is defined by upper and lower limit switches which are actuated by actuating means on the bridle.

Abstract: A pumping unit for actuating a linear reciprocable pump rod comprises a frame having a pair of spaced apart vertical guides for guiding vertical reciprocating movement of a traveling pulley assembly connected to a linear extensible hydraulic cylinder mounted on the frame directly under the pulley assembly. The pulley assembly includes two rotatable sheaves over which are trained, respectively, flexible cables which are anchored at their opposite ends to the frame and to a bracket connected to the pump rod. The arrangement provides a single purchase pulley system providing for a pump rod stroke length of twice the stroke length of the cylinder actuator. A hydraulic control system for reciprocating the cylinder includes a solenoid operated valve which is controlled by a cam actuated switch to alternately provide for conducting hydraulic fluid to and from the cylinder. The valve actuating switches are tripped by spaced apart cams mounted on a rod connected to the pulley assembly.

Abstract: Apparatus for pumping a liquid from a well comprises a drive unit on the surface, a well-bottom pump unit, two supply lines interconnecting the drive unit and the pump unit and a liquid discharge line extending from the pump unit to the surface for discharge of liquid. The pump unit has a drive piston which is reciprocated within a drive cylinder by applying pressure alternately by means of a changeover valve to the two supply lines. The drive piston drives a double acting driven piston which pumps oil from a well. The changeover valve is controlled by a logic unit which receives signals from sensors measuring the pressure and/or flow rate in a return line.

Abstract: A piston-cylinder device, such as a Rankine cycle engine, is provided with one or more variable displacement cylinders and variable stroke pistons for accommodating loads of variable torque. Cylinder displacement is varied by a movable cylinder head internally of the cylinder and auxiliary to a fixed cylinder head, and piston stroke is varied by a variably fulcrumed lever linking piston connecting rods with a crankshaft. For the engine particularly, load torques are continually sensed and cylinder displacement adjusted accordingly. In turn, the position of the movable cylinder head is continually sensed, and the lever fulcrum adjusted accordingly.

Abstract: A pumping apparatus for pumping liquids such as slurrys comprises a pumping cylinder/piston (6,8) driven by the piston/cylinder (16,18) of an operating device, the supply of fluid under pressure either to an upper port (16a) of the cylinder (16), or the lower port (16b) of the cylinder, being controlled by valve mechanism (28). The valve mechanism is moved between two conditions, in which it supplies fluid under pressure to one or other of said ports consequent upon the arrival of a member (20) connecting the two pistons (8,18) at one or other of its extreme positions of movement. Alternatively, or in addition, the fluid pressure circuit powering the operating device includes a regenerative branch, through which fluid under pressure flows from the low pressure side of the operating device directly back to the high pressure line of the fluid circuit, upstream of the motor supplying fluid under pressure.

Abstract: An electric power generating system adapted for use in a vehicle including at least one electric generator and one battery; and at least one energy converter for receiving superfluous movement of the vehicle and producing pressure fluid flow from such movement, and a power transmitting means for receiving and changing the fluid flow into rotational power. The power transmitting means transmits rotational power to the electric generator only when stored rotational power reaches a predetermined level. Therefore, the generator is operated by superfluous movement of the vehicle to generate electricity.

Abstract: A selectively energizable flow meter system comprising a valve having at least one fluid inlet port for receiving fluid under pressure and a plurality of fluid distribution ports and including a valve element selectively movable to direct liquid to predetermined fluid distribution ports, a metering device, and valve element positioning mechanism connected to the valve element. The valve element positioning mechanism is operable upon energization of the system to establish fluid flow communication between the metering device and at least one valve fluid distribution port and responsive to de-energization of the system to direct pressurized fluid entering the valve fluid inlet port to a valve fluid distribution port bypassing the metering device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for operating an engine having a cylinder and a piston reciprocable therein on compressed gas. The apparatus comprises a source of compressed gas connected to a distributor which distributes the compressed gas to the cylinder. A valve is provided to selectively admit compressed gas to the cylinder when the piston is in an approximately top dead center position. In one embodiment of the present invention the timing of the opening of the valve is advanced such that the compressed gas is admitted to the cylinder progressively further before the top dead center position of the piston as the speed of the engine increases. In a further embodiment of the present invention a valve actuator is provided which increases the length of time over which the valve remains open to admit compressed gas to the cylinder as the speed of the engine increases.

Abstract: A fluid pump assembly having a body provided with a fluid chamber and a passage having an orifice, the passage connecting the chamber to a conduit carrying a pressurized flow of fluid. Pump apparatus has an inlet connected to a fluid additive supply, and an outlet which communicates with the conduit for feeding the fluid additive to the conduit. Control apparatus includes a dump passage communicating with the chamber and has a cross section larger than the orifice. A dump valve controls the flow of fluid through the dump passage to regulate the fluid pressure in the fluid chamber, and motor apparatus operatively connects the pump apparatus and the dump valve. The motor apparatus is responsive to the fluid pressure in the fluid chamber for operating the dump valve and actuating the pump apparatus to pump fluid additive through the outlet.

Abstract: A valve for controlling the admission of gas to a cylinder of a piston-type machine, or for the discharge of gas therefrom, comprises a magnetic armature shiftable between a pair of magnetic poles formed to receive the armature with minimal radial play and with a predetermined air gap from the attracting pole in the energized condition of the coil. The energizing circuit includes an inductive proximity switch which is triggered without engagement by a metal formation on the crankshaft and applies its signal to a pulse former generating a steep-flank pulse triggering a timer to produce two rectangular voltage pulses of different durations. These pulses are applied to a gating circuit which produces a stepped signal with a high initial amplitude which is amplified and applied to a power converter energizing the coil with a corresponding current waveform. A monitoring circuit responds to deenergizing the coil to drain residual magnetism from the pole piece to enable a spring to rapidly close the valve.

Abstract: This specification discloses a clamping apparatus having an adjustable strap, a clamping member on the strap, means for securing the strap to a first object and means for shortening the effective length of the strap to clamp the first object to another object. In particular, the clamping means is well adapted for use for securing an apparatus which has a proximity sensor to the two tie rods of a fluid cylinder. The clamping means permits easy and secure coupling and longitudinal adjustability of the apparatus with respect to the fluid cylinder.

Abstract: A pumping unit for a well pump has a surface main cylinder with a main piston reciprocable therein, the piston having a connection to a standard well pump. In a flow cylinder of a relatively large diameter, a flow piston reciprocates within and divides the flow cylinder into a first flow chamber and a second flow chamber. The first flow chamber is in communication with the main cylinder. Air under pressure substantially to counterbalance the load on the well pump connection is supplied to the second flow chamber. There is a drive cylinder divided into a first drive chamber and a second drive chamber by a drive piston connected to but substantially smaller in diameter than the flow piston.

Abstract: A solenoid operated metering pump for displacement of exact amounts of fluid pumped by reciprocation of pumping piston incorporating integral check valve has an elongated valve housing with solenoid operator serving as pump actuating means attached to one housing end while the other housing end is adaptable to serve as the fluid pumping means including an appropriate housing bore passing therethrough and adaptable to receive a differential diameter piston assembly slidably movable therein to reciprocate when solenoid operator becomes electrically cycled inducing fluid flow through appropriate pump chamber created therein between piston and housing bore portion provided with fluid supply port having a detachable check valve with a simple floater for a directional flow control therethrough, means of piston actuation from a first position checking flow and discharge of the fluid delivered to the pump chamber to a second position discharging exact fluid quantity per each stroke of pump reciprocation, and means of

Abstract: A piston and cylinder device with a piston mounted for reciprocating movement in the cylinder has on the outside of the cylinder an elongated mounting element comprising two guiding members on each of which a limit switch is mounted for positioning longitudinally of the cylinder. The limit switch is formed with a switch blade of ferromagnetic material and the piston has an annular rim constituted of permanent magnetic material. The switches can be adjusted longitudinally for the purpose of adjusting the stroke of the piston.

Abstract: An apparatus for automatically dispensing a measured volume of liquid has a cylinder and a piston. The liquid is fed to one end of the cylinder and displaces the piston which expels from the other end of the cylinder a quantity of liquid proportional to the piston stroke. At the end of the stroke, the piston abuts and closes a switch which actuates an electric motor driving a four-way rotary valve to reverse the liquid flow direction in the cylinder, whereby the piston moves in the opposite direction to discharge a measured amount of the liquid which was previously used to push the piston. The piston, at the end of its second stroke, again strikes and causes the closing of a second electric switch which produces rotation of the four-way valve to again reverse the liquid flow to its original direction.

Abstract: Switch means on the frame of a forging device senses when the ram and piston enter a first zone of a pneumatic cushion during retraction to initiate timing. If a predetermined time has expired before the ram leaves the first zone, the fluid inlet valve is opened. If not, switch means senses when the ram and piston enter a second zone to initiate a second timing. If a second predetermined time expires before the ram leaves the second zone, the fluid inlet valve is opened. If not, switch means senses when the ram and piston enter a third zone, and after a predetermined time the fluid inlet valve is opened. Thus, by sensing ram position and measuring time ram remains within each zone, the effective upward velocity (distance/time) is measured and adaptive controls applied.

Abstract: A hydrostatic drive is disclosed in combination with a machine tool such as a sand core molding machine. A machine of this type comprises a fixed carriage and a core molding die mounted for rotation on the carriage. The drive includes a reversible fluid power motor having an output shaft. The motor output shaft is connected to a fail safe fluid power brake, and the brake shaft is, in turn, connected to a power transmission unit. When fluid power is applied to the brake and the motor, brake override means operate to release the brake to permit the motor shaft, brake shaft and tranmission to be turned by the motor and thereby operate the movable die.

Abstract: The actuator includes two piston motors interconnected in opposed driving relation with a fixed axis rotary shaft, and fluid pressure control means for controlling the piston motors so that they rotate the shaft bi-directionally at constant rotational velocity with constant resultant torque. The two piston motors preferably are of different effective cross sectional areas, the smaller motor being continuously pressurized with fluid composed solely of fluid from a fluid pressure source, and the larger motor being selectively pressurized with fluid made up of fluid from the fluid pressure source together with fluid exhausted from the smaller motor. A single valve controls fluid flow to and from the piston motors to effect bi-directional shaft rotation, or maintain the shaft in a fixed position. The valve may be operated automatically by servo control means responsive to the positions of the piston motors.

Abstract: An oscillatory electro-hydraulic system for a material handling bucket and including two hydraulic cylinder assemblies connectable with the bucket for tipping the bucket, and including a hydraulic pump and control valve and pressure relief valve and a reducing valve, all for directing flow to the respective cylinder assemblies. An electric system is interconnected with the assemblies and with one of the control valves, for controlling the flow of fluid to one of the two cylinder assemblies.

Abstract: The arm of a forging manipulator has tongues at one end for engaging with a workpiece and is journaled for rotation about a horizontal axis. At the other end the arm carries a pair of clamps each of which has a pair of clamping jaws pivotally connected at one end and adapted to be spread apart or drawn against the arm by a spreading hydraulic cylinder at the other end of each pair of jaws. The cylinders are interconnected for reversing operation and are hydraulically linked to a pair of drive cylinders, the pistons of which are pivotally connected to the respective clamps so that one of the drive cylinders is effective to rotate the arm when its clamping cylinder draws its jaws against the arm while the other clamping cylinder spreads the other pair of jaws apart during the ineffective stroke of the drive piston.

Abstract: A hermetically sealed pump for abrasive slurries in which a auxilliary control takes over whenever the pump is unable to complete its stroke and causes rapid jogging reciprocation to dislodge solids which may have settled out and blocked the completion of the stroke.

Abstract: This invention relates to mechanism for converting linear motion to rotary motion without the use of a crank or crankshaft. Two circular members which may be provided with teeth are driven simultaneously in opposite directions by a chain, belt or rack which is in turn connected to a piston reciprocating in a linear path. The invention is particularly adapted to vapor engines sometimes referred to as expanders. It also comprises both electrically and mechanically actuated valve motions, including a reverse means and means for varying cut-off.

Abstract: The gluing device includes a glue storage and heating unit, a valve unit, a pump unit, a pressure-equalizing unit and a nozzle head. A support is provided which has two parts which are thermally insulated from one another, one of the parts supporting the glue storage and heating unit, and the other part supporting and including the other units and the nozzle head. Two separately energized heating rods are provided, each of which heats one of the parts of the support. An actuating arrangement is provided for the pump unit and includes an actuating piston reciprocating in a cylinder bore and actuated by a pressurized medium introduced into the cylinder bore and connected to the pump unit.