Abstract: In a reciprocating pump for cryogenic fluids comprising a pump cylinder in which a piston is oscillatingly displaceable in a sealed state, an inlet valve and an outlet valve, and an annular channel surrounding the pump cylinder on the outer side and forming an outlet for the cryogenic fluid delivered by the pump, in order to attain optimum sealing at the operating temperatures, without the piston motion being impeded at higher temperatures, it is proposed that the cylinder be made of a material with good sliding and self-lubricating properties and a thermal expansion coefficient which is larger than that of the piston, that the dimensions of the cylinder and the piston be so selected that the piston sealingly contacts the inside wall of the cylinder at operating temperature, and that the outlet valve be arranged at the downstream end of the annular channel.

Abstract: A cylinder in a fluid handling device in which high pressures and temperature vary in a periodic cycle. An outer chamber surrounding the cylinder in which a pressurized fluid is used to equalize the pressure inside and outside the cylinder wall to prevent breaking under high internal pressures. The pressurized fluid is also transferred from the outer chamber for use in the cylinder of the fluid handling device.

Abstract: A combination heat shield/gasket is disposed between abutting components in a reciprocating compressor. The heat shield/gasket includes strategically located protuberances, at locations where the components do not directly abut, the tips of which contact one of the components causing the heat shield/gasket to locally deflect away from the contacted component. The deflection of the heat shield/gasket at such non-abutting locations causes a dead space to be created between the component contacted by the tip of the protuberance and the heat shield/gasket. The dead space so created is a barrier to the transfer of heat, as is the heat shield/gasket itself, from the component contacted by the protruberances to the area on the side of the heat shield/gasket opposite that side on which the dead space is created.

Abstract: A transmission casing wherein is inserted a flooded hydromotor has together with an annular space traversed by a forced flow a double function both as oil cooler and as receiver container of the externally situated pumps. Both the working substance flowing out from said hydromotor and the flushing oil that is conveyed past it are led together on intermediate ribs and vanes in a flow channel meanderingly passed about said hydromotor to the filling pump feed pipe. Intermediate ribs and vanes are connected or integral with the transmission casing that has many ribs and can be exposed to a cooling current directed as needed. Said annular space is spatially separated by stop plates from mechanical gear portions eventually situated in front, but is at the same time oil sump thereof by means of a connecting opening.

Abstract: A gas compressor drivably connected to an engine operates to supply compressed gas to a tank. The compressor has a housing including a commercial air cooled internal combustion engine block and cooling air system having a single cylinder chamber accommodating a reciprocating piston. The piston moves gas through a head and valve assembly connected to an air-to-air after cooler operable to cool and carry cooled compressed gas to a tank. The head holds the valve assembly on the cylinder. The valve assembly has a first valving ring allowing one-way flow of gas into the cylinder chamber and a second valving ring allowing one-way gas flow out of the cylinder chamber. A heat exchange unit is cooled with air moved by the commercial engine air cooling system of the compressor. The driving engine is of the same make and general type as used for the components of the compressor.

Abstract: An oil-less gas compressor comprises at least one cylinder block mounted on a crankcase, the outer end of the cylinder block being closed by a cylinder head. A piston in the cylinder block bore is reciprocated by a motor-driven crankshaft in the crankcase. The cylinder blocks and cylinder heads are generally square in cross section. On all four sides of the cylinder block and cylinder head there are spaced cooling fins which extend in an axial direction. Axially extending cooling air passages between the fins communicated at their lower ends with the interior of the crankcase. Air drawn into the crankcase by a fan on the crank shaft flows into and through these cooling air passages to cool the cylinder block and head. In one corner portion of the cylinder block and head there is an integral axially extending suction bore containing a filter. In an adjacent corner portion of the cylinder block there is an axially extending compressed air bore.

Abstract: This invention relates to a cooling mechanism of a rotary hydraulic cylinder for chucking operation of machine tools. In a rotary hydraulic cylinder which consist of a rotor member having a reciprocable piston inside and in which working oil is fed to the piston in said rotor member, many fins are mounted, parallel to the movements of said piston rod, on the outer periphery of said working oil supplying member, and a cylinder-like cover whose side facing to said rotor member is folded inside to make a flange, is mounted at the edge, of said fins, facing said rotor, so that it may partially enclose the outer peripheral surface of said rotor member. The side of the rotor member enclosed by said cylinder-like cover, of said oil supplying member is provided with a rotary fan which rotates together with said roller member, thereby causing an air inlet opening of a fixed clearance between said cover and the rotary fan to be formed.

Abstract: External chambers are applied around the working cylinder of an engine to permit high temperature for mechanically weak materials for the very hot parts of the engine, when the external chambers are filled with plural different pressures substantially equal to that in plural different pressure areas in the working cylinder.

Abstract: To avoid the necessity of piston rings in a piston-cylinder set, it is prsed that the cylinder liner be surrounded by a band consisting of a fiber composite whose thermal expansion in a radial direction is less than that of the cylinder liner, the impediment to expansion presented by the band varying over the length of the cylinder housing; that the piston be constructed with a cap consisting of a piston head facing the combustion chamber and an essentially cylindrical piston skirt adjacent to the cylinder bearing surface, and a force-transmitting core that contains the bearing for the piston pin and the spherical pressure pad; that a force-transmitting connection rotationally symmetrical to the piston's longitudinal axis be provided above the spherical pressure pad; that the cap be connected at the lower edge of the piston skirt to the force-transmitting core, but otherwise no contact be provided between cap and force-transmitting core except in the area of the force-transmitting connection; and that both cy

Abstract: A shock absorbing device in a press is formed by having a telescopically sliding member fastened to the punch plate of the press and a stopper member fastened to the die plate of the press and placing an oil of high viscosity between the post and the outer cylinder of the telescopically sliding member. This shock absorbing device damps the unloading impact produced when the punch of the press collides with a workpiece and fractures it and, thereby, abates the noise generated from the press, the tool and the workpiece.

Abstract: The cryogenic reciprocating pump includes a pump body having a cylindrical pumping chamber extending from the forward end of the pump body to the pump body rearward end. A piston is reciprocated in the pumping chamber under the control of a piston rod extending from the pumping chamber. A packing assembly surrounds the piston rod and is coupled through an intermediate section to the rearward end of the pump body. The intermediate section comprises a tubular shell of low thermal conductivity material and a corrugated metal expansion member. The packing assembly is affixed to a support member connected to the pump body at the forward end thereof.

Abstract: The piston compressor has a cylindrical block with at least one cylinder lining in which a piston moves without making contact. A collecting chamber for leakage gases which escape along the piston is provided at an end of the cylinder liner remote from the compression chamber. The cylinder liner is double walled to form a chamber through which forced coolant can be passed. In addition, an annular space is provided between the cylinder liner and the cylinder block to prevent leaking gas from passing into the cooling water contained in the cylinder block or cylinder liner.Forced cooling results in a good direct cooling of the cylinder liner.

Abstract: A power-chuck actuator has an actuator body forming an axially throughgoing passage and formed centered on this axis with an annular piston displaceable axially forwardly and backwardly and having a collar projecting from the front of the actuator. This collar can be connected to the actuating element of a power chuck whose chuck body can be bolted to the front end of the actuator body. In addition the actuator body has a backwardly extending sleeve on which is carried a connector body that is normally held against rotation and that is provided with hydraulic connections for pressurizing the compartments axially flanking the piston to operate the actuator. The actuator body is provided with a fan aligned with axially throughgoing passages of the connector body so that as the two bodies rotate relative to each other air is sucked through these passages by the fan to cool the actuator.

Abstract: An improved type of hydraulic control cartridge with mounting structure and accessorial safety device for installation within both ends of reciprocative pneumatic actuators to permit a safe increase in their speed of operation. The safety device automatically stops the actuator if the hydraulic cartridge malfunctions.

Abstract: Ceramic coatings prevent metal to metal contact between double acting pistons and cylinders. Cylinders and pistons operate in true cylindrical form. Ceramic coated cylinders are gradually brought to operating temperatures while temporary cutting pistons shape the coating to a true cylinder at operating temperature. Cylinders are formed true while cold and cylinders and heads are jacketed with high heat flow conductors so that the cylinders and cylinder heads have uniform operating temperature.

Abstract: An isothermal compressor apparatus and method, the apparatus including a compression chamber, a piston operable in the compression chamber and an evaporation chamber disposed in heat exchange relationship with the compression chamber, the evaporation chamber being interconnected with a closed refrigerant system. Valves control the flow of compressible gas through the compression chamber while heat exchange coils carry the compressed gas from the compression chamber through the evaporation chamber. The method includes compressing a gas and rapidly removing thermal energy imparted to the gas by the compression process with a refrigerant in the evaporation chamber.

Abstract: A hot-gas engine having a heat insulating lining of loose grains surrounding the hot working medium spaces of the cylinder and the regenerator housing.

Abstract: A hot-gas engine comprising an engine part which is provided with a blanket of ceramic fibres in order to provide protection against high flame temperatures of the burner. The blanket is anchored to the engine part by means of lugs which are bent around metal wires arranged between the fibres.

Abstract: An auxiliary compressor assembly for a conventional compressor having an auxiliary cylinder adapted to be releasably mounted with the conventional compressor and a head adapted to be removably mounted the auxiliary cylinder.

Abstract: A portable power tool wherein the housing contains a pump, a tank for a supply of oil for the pump, an electric motor for the pump and one or more hydraulic motors which receive pressurized oil from the pump and impart movements to a rotary and/or reciprocable tool, such as a rock drill or chisel. The motor which imparts reciprocatory movements to the tool is a cylinder and piston unit whose piston is rigid with a piston rod serving to strike against the tool whenever the piston performs a forward stroke. A valve assembly having a motor-driven rotary spool controls the flow of pressurized fluid to and the outflow of spent fluid from the cylinder. A spring brakes the rearward movements of the piston, and a bladder type accumulator is connected with the outlet of the pump. The tank is cooled by currents of air which are induced by a blower on the output shaft of the electric motor and which cool the electric motor before they reach cooling fins provided at the outer side of the tank.

Abstract: A heat insulation construction for gasoline engines comprising a piston, a sub-piston projecting on the top of the piston. A cylinder head is secured to the top of a cylinder and has a recess into which the sub-piston may be inserted at a position near the top dead center of the piston stroke to form two independent combustion chambers. An ignition plug is provided in one of the combustion chambers in the cylinder head. An intake passage and exhaust passage are provided in the cylinder head. A heat insulating air layer is provided in the top portion of the piston and sub-piston, and a heat insulating air layer is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder head, which is formed by casting hollow structures made of steel plates in the cylinder head.

Abstract: An improved rotary engine including a housing having interior walls defining an operating chamber with a rotor mounted for movement therein. Within the chamber is a thin layer of wear resistant metal which is located to be sealingly engaged by the rotor as the rotor moves within the chamber and a backing is secured to the thin layer in good heat transfer relation and interposed between the same and the housing for transmitting pressure applied to the thin layer to the housing. The backing is formed of a metal having high thermal conductivity and is provided with a plurality of relatively closely spaced coolant passages to provide an improved cooling structure for the engine to thereby extend its life.

Abstract: An air compressor cylinder head is disclosed in which a compressed air jacket surrounds a coolant-receiving cavity instead of the coolant surrounding the air jacket as in the prior art. This arrangement permits the compressed air to be cooled by heat transfer both to the ambient air and to the coolant in the coolant cavity, instead of to the coolant alone, as in the prior art.

Abstract: This invention relates to reciprocating piston engines using single acting pistons operating in liquid cooled and lubricated cylinders, said pistons have piston extensions slightly smaller in diameter than the main power pistons and the length of the stroke, operating inside slightly larger, insulated, hot cylinder extensions. Operating in co-operation with a cold air blocking system which fills the clearance space between the piston extension and the hot cylinder wall liner with cool air when the piston is at or near top dead center. Thus keeping the hot pressure fluid medium from coming in contact with the liquid cooled and lubricated cylinder walls in which the main power piston operates. Thereby cutting down the heat losses to the cooling medium.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine of the type having so-called free standing cylinders or cylinder liners surrounded by an open topped coolant cavity is provided with internal sound attenuation barrier means, preferably mounted in the coolant cavity on the inner surfaces of the cylinder block walls or on the outer walls of the cylinders. The barrier means preferably comprises a rigid sheet engagable with the mounting wall and supporting a resilient sound absorbent material bonded or otherwise retained on one surface thereof. In a preferred embodiment the barrier material is a laminated steel having two spaced steel sheets bonded together by a rubber or rubber-like material encapsulated between the two sheets and formable into the desired shape of sound attentuating sleeve or barrier.

Abstract: A piston compressor is disclosed which comprises a cylinder head having a channel of essential length for cooling the compressed fluid before it leaves the compressor.

Abstract: A uniflow steam engine of the multi-cylinder type wherein the cylinders are rotatably mounted within a jacket having a sinusoidal cam track therein. Extending through slots, the ends of which are the exhaust ports in the cylinders and into the cam track are cam followers which are mounted on the pistons for reciprocable movement therewith. At the head end of the cylinders there are apertures which rotate with registered cutouts in superimposed valve rings that control the flow of steam from manifolds at the head ends of each of the cylinders into the cylinders as the cylinders rotate. By adjusting the relative position between the valve rings, the length of time of steam introduced on each cycle may be adjusted and by concomitantly rotating both valve rings, the initial time for introduction of steam may be adjusted to alter lead or reverse torque.