Abstract: A cylinder unit for mounting on a machine for the deformation of workpieces includes a cylinder block and a pressure plate which is arranged on the surface of the cylinder block which faces away from the fastening surface, wherein a plurality of pistons each having a spherically shaped head are mounted in the cylinder block. Mounted on each spherically shaped head of the pistons is a pressure piece which protrudes into a bore of the pressure plate and has a recess corresponding to the spherically shaped head of the pistons. A gap is provided between the outer diameter of the pressure piece and the inner diameter of the bore in the pressure plate. A pressure disc is arranged between the pressure piece and the pressure plate in the bottom of the bore of the pressure plate.

Abstract: An engine piston is manufactured by assembling an outer shell, comprising a crown and tubular side wall in which a ring groove region and skirt are defined, with a plate-like mounting member and bonding them together by brazing or welding. The mounting member is located within the tubular side wall displaced axially from the crown and is bonded near, but displaced radially from, its centre to the crown and at its periphery to the side wall at the end of the ring groove region. The mounting member carries gudgeon pin boss means facing away from the crown. The outer shell is formed by extrusion or the like that permits minimal wall thickness and the bonded structure is of light weight but great strength and stiffness, particularly in the ring groove region. A combustion bowl formed in the crown facilitates bonding to the mounting member and defines with the mounting member an annular cooling chamber adjacent the ring groove region and crown.

Abstract: A piston for an automatic transmission, wherein a first piston member forming a cylindrical portion of the piston has a plurality of axial cutouts and a circumferential groove formed in one axial end portion thereof, and a second piston member forming a bottom portion of the piston has a plurality of radially extending engaging jaws fitted in the plurality of axial cutouts, while a retainer ring is fitted in the circumferential groove and held in abutting contact with the engaging jaws fitted in the axial cutouts, whereby the first and second piston members are fixed to each other. At least one of the engaging jaws of the second piston member cooperates with the retainer ring to form a gap therebetween, which prevents a stress concentration on portions of the circumferential groove adjacent to the axial cutouts, upon an axial movement of the piston, so that the required thickness of the retainer ring can be reduced, leading to size reduction of the piston.

Abstract: The radial piston or reciprocating engine (1) has annularly juxtaposed, radially directed piston-cylinder units (2, 3). The outward stroke of the pistons (2) is controlled by the cam (11) of a common eccentric shaft (12), whereas the inward stroke thereof is controlled by a control ring (16), which engages in a lateral recess (17) of each piston (2) running in the direction of a secant and adapted to a cross-sectional shape of the control ring (16). The recess (17) is then bounded by a base wall of the piston (2) with which the control ring (16) is in controlling sliding contact via an inner control face (20). The pistons (2) are hollow and carry on their face the diaphragm of a diaphragm valve. Thus, the reciprocating engine (1) has a particularly compact construction and can be highly loaded, so that it is particularly suitable as a compressor of a CO2 vehicle air conditioning system.

Abstract: A piston and scraper assembly (26) for a high-pressure liquid chromatography column (1) is provided with a snap lock between the piston (5) and the scraper (25). The snap lock comprises a groove (23) in the piston wall (17), a complementary groove (39) in the inner face of the scraper (25) and a locking, sealing and biasing means such as a resilient O-ring (43) which fits into said grooves.

Abstract: A piston for an automatic transmission includes: (a) a cylindrical wall portion provided by a first piston member; (b) a bottom wall portion provided by a second piston member; and (c) an engaging portion at which the first and second piston members are engaged with each other such that the first piston member is movable relative to the second piston member in an axial direction of the piston by a small distance. The piston is characterized by further including (d) an elastic structure which is provided at the engaging portion, and which biases the first piston member in the axial direction, so as to restrain movement of the first piston member relative to the second piston member in the axial direction.

Abstract: A piston for an air pump is disclosed. The piston has a piston rod having a connecting axle hole for positioning a bearing, which is protected with a bearing protection cap. The bearing is firmly secured within the axle hole.

Abstract: A piston for an automatic transmission, including a first piston member forming a cylindrical portion and a second piston member forming a bottom portion, wherein the first piston member has a plurality of engaging grooves formed in one of opposite axial end portions thereof, each of the engaging grooves having a radial surface extending in a radial direction of the first piston member, and the second piston member has a plurality of elongate claws (70) extending in a circumferential direction thereof and respectively corresponding to the engaging grooves, each elongate claw having a free end portion and a fixed end portion, and being bent in an axial direction of the second piston member such that the free end portion is spaced from the fixed end portion in the axial direction toward an open end of the piston, each elongate claw having a first engaging lug which is formed at the free end portion and which is held in engagement with the corresponding engaging groove and in pressing contact with the radial end

Abstract: Devices, piston components, and methods are provided for an improved piston. One embodiment for a piston component includes a base having a side to receive a piston body. A tang is provided to the base and extends outward from the side of the base which is to receive the piston body.

Abstract: An adjustable piston pump for displacement and extraction of remnant from soft sand and or soft soil includes a pump casing cylinder that is capped at one end and opens at the other end. It includes a handle fixed to the pump casing cylinder, a shaft rod, a shaft rod handle and a piston that includes a flexible ball. The shaft rod is retractable through the center of the capped end of the pump casing cylinder and is connected to a shaft rod handle. The portion of the shaft rod that always remains embodied in the pump casing cylinder is connected to a piston. The flexible ball mounted inside the piston construction is compressed or decompressed by the clockwise or counter clockwise rotation of the handle located at the other end of the shaft rod. Pressure is controlled in this manner. Upward and downward strokes of the piston initiate displacement and extraction of remnant.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cooled piston (1) for an internal combustion engine comprising a cooling duct (2). This cooling duct encircles in an annular manner inside the piston head at the height of the ring part and is closed at its end, which is open toward the piston skirt, by men of a spring part (8). Said spring part is correspondingly shaped, is radially divided at least once on the periphery thereof, and provided with a cooling oil inlet (5). The aim of the invention is to achieve an improved location-dependent removal of heat from the particularly hot portions of the piston (1). To this end, an encircling oil guiding ring (3) is placed inside the cooling duct (2) and, from the cooling oil inlet (5) to the cooling oil outlet (6), symmetrically divides the cooling duct (2) on the periphery thereof into sections (4) of different cooling duct volumes.

Abstract: A method of installing a piston position sensor proximate to a closed end of a hydraulic cylinder is provided. The sensor is attached to the face of a piston and that piston/sensor combination is inserted into the cylinder tube to position the sensor in the desired location. When properly located within the cylinder tube, the sensor is affixed to the cylinder tube by means of beveled holes in the sensor that receive bolts threadedly inserted through the cylinder tube to further properly align the sensor within the cylinder tube. When so affixed, the sensor is then detached from the piston so that the piston can thereafter move independently of the sensor. A fixture is also used that allows the assembler to accurately align the angular orientation of the sensor prior to being inserted into the cylinder tube.

Abstract: Devices, piston components, and methods are provided for an improved piston. One embodiment for a piston component includes a base having a side to receive a piston body. A tang is provided to the base and extends outward from the side of the base which is to receive the piston body.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for assembling a piston assembly that comprises a piston comprising a head end flange and a crank end flange and a rod having a head end shoulder and a crank end shoulder. The head end shoulder of the rod contacts the head end flange of the piston and the crank end shoulder of the rod contacts the crank end flange of the piston. A nut engages the rod such that the head end flange of the piston is disposed between the nut and the head end shoulder of said rod. A collar engages the piston such that the crank end shoulder of the rod is disposed between the collar and the crank end flange of the piston.

Abstract: A fluid-actuated cylinder includes a piston rod with a circumferential groove. A split ring, with predetermined linear expansion properties, is cooled to a temperature below the temperature of the rod, and the ring halves are located in the groove. The ring is then equalized with the temperature of the rod, and expands into compression against the sidewalls of the groove. An interference fit is provided with the groove, which prevents axial and rotational movement of the ring with respect to the piston rod. The expansion also prestresses the piston rod between the groove sidewalls. The split ring is then connected to an annular flange on a ring-shaped piston to fix the piston with respect to the piston rod. The piston rod assembly is then located in a cylinder housing, with the piston providing a fluid seal with the cylinder walls as the piston rod reciprocates.

Abstract: A piston and cylinder unit includes a housing, a piston and a piston rod. The piston rod has an outer surface being designed to be symmetrical with respect to a first axis. The piston rod includes a protrusion and an outer thread being located on the protrusion. The protrusion and the outer thread are designed to be symmetrical to a second axis. The second axis is spaced apart from the first axis to define a first eccentricity of the piston rod. The piston is located in the housing. The piston has an outer surface being designed to be symmetrical with respect to a first axis. The piston includes at least one seal, at least one guiding element, an opening and an inner thread being located in the opening. The opening and the inner thread are designed to be symmetrical to a second axis. The second axis is spaced apart from the first axis to define a second eccentricity of the piston.

Abstract: The invention refers to a piston assembly for a radial piston hydraulic motor. The essence of the solution lies in that a longitudinal axis (12) of a roller (11) substantially coincides with an axis through centre of gravity of a piston body (2). The roller is placed in a bed (10) of a bearing bush (6) which is located inside the piston (1) in a manner that the edges thereof slip through grooves (14) in the lower inner portion of the piston (1). The roller (1) being inserted this way is afterwards rotated in a certain angle, together with the bearing bush (6), thus, preventing the roller (11) from falling out of the piston (1).

Abstract: Method and arrangement for fixing a piston (1), or a piston rod attachment, to a piston rod (5), one of the piston (1) and the piston rod (5) having a hole (2) running in its axial direction, and the other of these having a portion designed for being received by the hole (2) for connection of the piston (1) and the piston rod (5). The device includes an elongate locking means (10), at least one first opening (8a, 8b) in the piston and at least one second opening (9) in the piston rod (5), which openings (8a, 8b, 9) in the piston rod (5), which openings (8a, 8b, 9) extend in a different direction from the axial direction and are designed for receiving the locking means (10) for the purpose of bringing about the fixing.

Abstract: A piston assembly for use in a hydraulic cylinder includes a piston head configured to slide axially within the hydraulic cylinder in response to changes in hydraulic pressure. The piston head has an axial through-hole. A piston rod has a proximal end axially abutting the piston head and a distal end extending outward through an end of the hydraulic cylinder. The proximal end of the piston rod has a threaded bore co-axial with the axial through-hole in the piston head. A bolt has a bolt head and an unthreaded shank portion adjacent the bolt head and a threaded shank portion away from the bolt head. The bolt secures the piston head to the proximal end of the piston rod when the bolt shank is inserted through the axial through-hole in the piston head and is threadingly engaged in the threaded bore in the piston rod. An annular washer is positioned and held captive on the unthreaded portion of the bolt shank between the bolt head and the piston head.

Abstract: A multi-part cooled piston for an internal combustion engine comprises a one-piece piston upper part having a combustion bowl and an annular wall with a piston-ring part, and a one-piece piston lower part having a box-like piston skirt, and bosses to receive the piston pins joining the piston to the connecting rod and boss supports, which are joined to the piston skirt. A cooling channel is formed through the piston upper part and also the piston lower part and is limited thereby in its cross section. A reduction of the compression height and an increase of the heat load can be achieved with this piston despite increasing engine power. The piston can also be assembled without microstructural change. The piston upper part and the piston lower part are provided with support elements having seating faces, which form a first and a second seat.

Abstract: A piston assembly for use in a hydraulic cylinder includes a piston head configured to slide axially within the hydraulic cylinder in response to changes in hydraulic pressure. The piston head has an axial through-hole. A piston rod has a proximal end axially abutting the piston head and a distal end extending outward through an end of the hydraulic cylinder. The proximal end of the piston rod has a threaded bore co-axial with the axial through-hole in the piston head. A bolt has a bolt head and an unthreaded shank portion adjacent the bolt head and a threaded shank portion away from the bolt head. The bolt secures the piston head to the proximal end of the piston rod when the bolt shank is inserted through the axial through-hole in the piston head and is threadingly engaged in the threaded bore in the piston rod. An annular washer is positioned and held captive on the unthreaded portion of the bolt shank between the bolt head and the piston head.

Abstract: A pressure fluid cylinder with anti-rotation feature, includes a cylinder tube of non-circular inner cross section and a piston which is sealingly received in the tube. The piston has a circular cross section and is connected at one end to a piston rod in coaxial relationship. In order to allow selective use of the pressure fluid cylinder with or without anti-rotation feature, an annular adapter is placed between the piston and the tube and has a circular inner surface area to complement a circular outer surface area of the piston so as to allow a relative rotation between the piston and the adapter. The adapter has a non-circular outer surface area to complement the non-circular inner surface area of the tube. Through insertion of a fastener in aligned boreholes of the adapter and the piston, the adapter and the piston are prevented from rotating relative to one another.

Abstract: To enable economical production of a piston for a piston pump, the piston is made from a tubular deformed part and a closure plug, which is press-fitted with a protrusion into the deformed part. The piston has the advantage that the piston can be made without metal cutting in the form of deformed parts, for instance by extrusion, and hence can be produced quickly and economically.

Abstract: A closed cavity piston of this invention includes an elongated piston body and a separately formed piston cap having an elongated stem and head thereon. The body includes a closed end and an open end with a cavity having a bottom wall adjacent the closed end and an outer wall terminating in a rim at the open end. The stem of the piston cap is friction inertia welded to the bottom wall of the piston body and the head of the piston cap welds to the rim of the piston body. The stem of the cap is inserted into the cavity of the body until it engages the bottom wall. Then the cap is friction inertia welded to the body at the stem/bottom wall and head/rim interfaces after preheating.

Abstract: A clutch control device (10) comprising a cylinder body (17) and a piston (21, 42) axially sliding in an inner bore (22) of the cylinder body (17) and at least a dynamic seal (59A, 59C) borne by the cylinder body (17, 17B). The cylinder body (17) comprises, axially arranged successively from the front rearwards, a blind front component (17A) comprising a base (24), a central component (17B) and a rear component (17C) open rearwards made of plastic material and assembled together sealed by welding (58A, 58C) with indirect heat input, and the inner bore (22) comprises a front portion (22A) and a rear portion (22C), and the dynamic seal (59A, 59C) is housed in the central component (17b) of the cylinder body (17).

Abstract: The invention relates to a piston pump with a piston (10) that is guided so that it can move axially in a pump bore (12) of a pump housing (14). In order to simplify the manufacture of the piston (10), the invention proposes providing the piston (10) with a support ring (64), which is connected to a guide ring (66). By connecting the support ring (64) and guide ring (66), the structural length of the piston pump (10) can be shortened.

Abstract: A dispensing apparatus for dispensing a product from a container under pressure of a propellant by means of a composite piston (138). The apparatus has a valve (104) operated by means of an actuator (108) and a lever (166). The actuator co-operates with the valve and lever by means of a screw thread arrangement (110), such that turning actuator relative to the lever varies the flow rate of product out of the apparatus. The valve is a hollow cylindrical tube (104) which is open at one end and closed at the second end, either permanently or by means of a flap valve (112) which allows insertion of the product. A number of ports (116) are arranged around the circumference of the tube (104) adjacent to the second end to allow product to flow through the valve when the lever is operated.

Abstract: There is provided a reciprocal motion type compressor which has a piston reciprocally movable in a cylinder. The piston has a piston cover and a piston body portion. The piston cover has an insertion portion engaged with the piston body portion. The insertion portion has a sectional shape which becomes smaller gradually from the cover portion toward an end surface of the insertion portion. This structure provides an increased tensile strength of the piston.

Abstract: An airless spray pump has a drive train is comprised of a motor having an output gear thereon which drives a combination gear assembly comprised of two gears mounted on a shaft which in turn drives a crank assembly which is comprised of a one-piece eccentric end gear molded together and mounted on a shaft which is supported at both ends to prevent cantilevering and attendant stresses. The crank assembly is offset from the vertical axis of the displacement pump in order to reduce side-loading thereon. A connecting rod is mounted via a pin directly to the top of the displacement rod of the reciprocating pump. Retainer pin clippingly retains the pin in the connecting rod and enables the pin to be removed for servicing without the use of tools other than potentially a screwdriver or other generic tool.

Abstract: A piston assembly of a hydraulic radial piston-type machine, an essential characteristic thereof being the arrangement of a roller element in a piston head. The portion of contact surface of the roller element lying close to a crown of the piston is always arranged in the area between the piston crown and a step extending radially inwards and dividing the head of the piston from the guide portion.

Abstract: A hydraulic press including a cylinder barrel, a piston and a seal housing. The cylinder barrel has an inner peripheral surface. The piston has a pressure side surface and is inserted in the cylinder barrel to form a chamber between the pressure side surface of the piston and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder barrel. The chamber is configured to contain a hydraulic fluid. The seal housing includes an outer peripheral surface and an inner space which has an inner peripheral wall and which is configured to contain the hydraulic fluid. The seal housing is provided on the pressure side surface of the piston such that the outer peripheral surface is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder barrel and such that the hydraulic fluid in the inner space presses the seal housing against the inner peripheral surface.

Abstract: In a piston-cylinder assembly with a shaftless piston, the aim is to improve the lateral guidance of the connecting rod, to reduce edge wear and the seizing tendency in the event of fault during the combustion process. Consequently, the piston has at least one supporting ring, form-fittingly on the bosses which guides in the cylinder the piston along with the piston head.

Abstract: A hydraulic device includes a housing and a bulkhead disposed in the housing. A pump piston is provided in the housing and has first and second end surfaces with the second end surface of the pump piston and surfaces of the housing and of the bulkhead defining a pumping chamber. The pump piston is constructed and arranged to move within the housing to develop pressure on fluid in the pumping chamber. The first end surface of the pump piston and surfaces of the housing define a pump reservoir chamber. A ram piston is provided in the housing and has first and second end surfaces with the first end surface of the ram piston and surfaces of the housing and of the bulkhead defining a drive chamber. Connecting structure is associated with the bulkhead to communicate the pumping chamber with the drive chamber so that fluid pressure developed in the pumping chamber may be exerted on the first end surface of said ram piston. A barrier is provided in the housing between an end of the housing and the ram piston.

Abstract: A fuel pump (10) for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine employs at least one composite pumping plunger (43) disposed within a plunger bore (46) for reciprocation therein. Each composite plunger comprises at least a high-pressure plunger element (48), which is in contact with a high-pressure fuel charge to be delivered by the pump, and an abutting leak-off plunger element (47) disposed between the high-pressure element and a plunger actuating member (50, 52). The plunger elements of each composite plunger are stacked in the direction of reciprocation such that the abutting plunger elements form confronting end faces. The confronting end face of at least one of the elements in each composite plunger is contoured and the confronting end face of the abutting element is non-complementary in shape.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a piston intended for a hydraulic radial piston motor and being of the type comprising an outer cam ring having an undulated inner cam surface, an inner cylinder block which is rotatable relative to the cam ring and has radially outwardly directed cylinders, a plurality of such pistons which move in said cylinders and cam rolls which rollingly run against the cam surface and are slidingly arranged against the respective pistons. The piston has an essentially cylindrical circumferential surface, an inner end surface and an opposite outer end surface, which is adapted to be slidingly arranged against the cam roll and therefore is formed with a groove-like recess, which in cross-section is essentially part-cylindrical, and with two lateral portions which extend around and partly surround the circumferential surface of the cam roll and via which reaction forces in the tangential direction of the cylinder block are transmitted between the cam roll and the cylinder block.

Abstract: An improved wobble piston for an air compressor. The piston has a head integrally connected to a connecting rod. The connecting rod has a free end for connection to a rotating eccentric. The piston has cooling fins to provide cooling as the piston is reciprocated in a cylinder. The cooling fins extend from a piston cap secured to the piston head. The fins extend through cooperating slots formed in piston head.

Abstract: A liquid pump has a pump head, a head holder which can be assembled with the pump head and a housing connected to the head holder, providing an internal space which connects to a liquid flow route through the pump head. A plunger assembly is disposed inside this internal space, having a plunger rod which penetrates the head holder and reaches the flow route, and a male screw part. A cross head for driving the plunger assembly is also inside this internal space, and a return spring is supported between the head holder and this cross head so as to provide a biasing force thereto. The cross head has a female screw part which is engageable with the male screw part of the plunger assembly. The plunger assembly has a hexagonal flange to which a dedicated simple jig can be engaged to rotate the plunger assembly and to thereby engage or disengage them.

Abstract: A piston/cylinder assembly for a reciprocating compressor has a piston comprising telescopingly connected first and second piston members. The first piston member is connected to a connecting rod. The second piston member is provided with a piston head and is connected to the first piston member in such a way as to be movable axially relative to the first piston member by a predetermined distance. A spring is interposed between the first piston member and the second piston member to yieldably urge the first and second piston members axially apart.

Abstract: A flexible plunger apparatus includes an elongated flexible member having a pair of opposite end portions and a longitudinal length extending between the opposite end portions, with the flexible member being adapted to flex in transverse relationship to its length and to undergo free movement through a hollow tubing of a well. The apparatus also includes a physical barrier producing mechanism attached to and extending between the opposite end portions of the flexible member for substantially separating gas under pressure in the tubing below the lower end portion of the flexible member from a slug of liquid in the tubing above the upper end portion of the flexible member. The physically barrier producing mechanism is carried along the interior surface of the tubing in a substantially sealing relationship therewith as the flexible member undergoes free movement through the tubing of the well in response to the pressure of the gas and opening of the tubing of the well at the earth surface.

Abstract: In a power tilt cylinder device 100, a hydraulic fluid is supplied to the opposite piston side space 22B of a free piston 25, in the upper limit position of upward tilting, which is performed for discharging the hydraulic fluid from the first chamber 21, an operation valve 62 is pushed open by a rod guide 18A, and a flow passage 64 directed from the opposite piston side space 22B of the free piston 25 toward the first chamber 21 is caused to be conductive via a check valve 61 and the operation valve 62.

Abstract: A piston rod assembly is provided for operation in an outer cylinder. The piston rod assembly includes a first rod having first and second regions, wherein the first region has a hole transversely aligned relative to the longitudinal axis of the first rod. A hollow, cylindrical bushing is disposed within the hole of the first rod. A second rod has first and second regions, the first region of the second rod being removably secured to the second region of the first rod. A packing sleeve for fluidly sealing the piston rods and outer cylinder includes a cylindrical shell having first and second portions circumferentially and adjustably disposed about at least the second region of the first rod and the first region of the second rod. First packings include a plurality of stacked annular seals mounted in the first portion of the cylindrical shell of the packing sleeve, such that the inner surfaces of the seals are in slidable and sealable contact with the outer surface of the first rod.

Abstract: A hollow through-bolt is threaded internally and externally, at one end, to receive therein a reciprocable, end-threaded rod. A pair of fluid-control valves, centrally bored, are mounted on the through-bolt in spaced apart disposition. The other end of the through-bolt has a shoulder formed thereon for seating one of the valves thereagainst, and the other valve central bore is tapped for threaded engagement with the one end of the through-bolt. A sleeve, slidably engaged with the through-bolt, and interposed between the valves, maintains the one valve positioned against the shoulder.

Abstract: An engine piston includes a piston head; a first bearing block forming a one-piece component with the piston head and having a first bearing face; a piston skirt being a component separate from the piston head; a second bearing block forming a one-piece component with the piston skirt and having a second bearing face; and a coupling device for interconnecting the piston head and the piston skirt and for interconnecting the first and second bearing blocks with one another. The first and second bearing faces complement one another to form a bearing for rotatably supporting a connecting rod.

Abstract: A double-displacement pump is compact, has a modular fluid subassembly made up a substantially cylindrical pump body and a piston reciprocally driven within the pump body. An outlet fluid cavity is formed between the pump body and a surrounding housing structure, enabling the subassembly to be removed as a unit without the need to disconnect auxiliary systems, such as a pressure control system or a priming system. In a preferred embodiment, the subassembly is retained within the housing structure by an inlet fitting which includes a check valve. A second check valve is then provided in the piston itself, which has a stem threadingly engaged with a reciprocal drive element. A sleeve received over the stem serves to compress a fluid sealing structure against a flange of the piston when the stem is fully engaged with the drive element.

Abstract: A piston for a master cylinder comprises: a piston body made of resin which is inserted in a cylinder in such a manner that the piston body is in slide contact with the inner cylindrical surface of the cylinder, the piston body including a first cylindrical portion which has a first opening at one end and a bottom at the other end, a second cylindrical portion which has a second opening at one end and a bottom at the other end which is integral with the bottom of the first cylindrical portion, thus being integral with the first cylindrical portion; flanges formed on both end portions of the piston body; a first reinforcing member which is detachably inserted into the first opening; and a second reinforcing member which is detachably inserted into the second opening.

Abstract: A two-piece, or articulated, piston head for internal combustion engines having top and pin boss portions in which the underside of the top portion is provided with a groove whose inner wall is eccentric in relation to the longitudinal axis; of the top and the upper side of the top portion is provided with a combustion bowl eccentric in relation to the top portion longitudinal axis and concentric with the inner wall of the groove on the underside of the top portion.

Abstract: An aluminum piston is mounted onto a steel piston rod by means of an intervening, steel hub. The piston, hollow with an opening at one end, pilotingly receives the hub in the opening. The hub has a throughging bore in which the piston rod is pilotingly received. The rod has a prominent shoulder against which a rim on the hub seats, and a hub nut prestresses the hub against the shoulder. The hub has a flange with a series of bolt holes formed therein, the latter being aligned with a like series of tapped bores in a ledge of the piston. Studs with locknuts, engaged with the holes and bores, make the flange fast to the ledge.

Abstract: A piston/piston rod assembly wherein a piston is secured to a piston rod, and a sleeve (shell) is secured around the piston rod at predetermined locations along the length of the piston rod. The shell may be removably mounted and made of a harder, heavier material than the piston rod. Segmental sealing rings are provided around the periphery of the piston.

Abstract: A roller-control unit for a continuously-variable-ratio transmission of the toroidal-race rolling-traction type, in which the roller carriage (10, 14) is connected by a pivotal joint (30) to the piston (15) of a hydraulic piston-and-cylinder unit (15, 16). The piston (15) is double-acting, and the piston/cylinder contact is the only locus through which the roller carriage (10, 14) makes contact with the fixed structure of the transmission. The piston (15) may have an inner part (32) to which the roller carriage (10, 14) is jointed, and a sleeve-like outer part (33, 34) which makes the necessary sliding and sealing contacts with the cylinder (16), but allows the roller carriage (10, 14) the necessary freedom of pivoting movement during use.

Abstract: In a piston-cylinder assembly with a shaftless piston, the aim is to improve the lateral guidance of the connecting rod, to reduce edge wear and the seizing tendency in the event of fault during the combustion process. Consequently, the piston has at least one supporting ring, form-fittingly on the bosses which guides in the cylinder the piston along with the piston head.