Abstract: A heavy-load hydraulic or air cylinder comprises a main body provided therein with an action rod having an driven end. The driven end is exerted on by the liquid or air pressure to actuate the action rod. The driven end is provided respectively on both sides thereof with a pressure bearing piece. The driven end and the pressure bearing piece are provided therebetween with a leakproof ring. The main body is further provided at the exit end thereof with at least one pressure bearing piece. The pressure bearing piece and an exit cap are provided therebetween with a leakproof ring. When the action rod is at work to bring about the pressure, the pressure bearing piece is acted on by the pressure, which is the transferred to act on the leakproof ring, which in turn generates the reaction force to act against the inner wall surface of the main body so as to enable the cylinder to withstand a heavy burden or weight.

Abstract: A hydraulic oil well pump drive system for driving an oil well sucker rod includes a master piston positioned within a master cylinder for axial displacement between first and second ends of the master cylinder. The master piston has a piston drive rod which extends through one end of the master cylinder. The drive rod is connected to a crank pin of an eccentric crank. A center seal assembly divides the master cylinder into a working chamber and a pressure chamber in opposite ends of the master cylinder. Each respective chamber defines a fluid volume which varies with the displacement of the master piston. The master piston displacement creates a bi-directional flow of working fluid from the working chamber. A wellhead hydraulic assembly is operably connected to the oil well sucker rod and is in fluid communication with the master cylinder working chamber to receive the working fluid flow.

Abstract: A cylinder device which is capable of restraining the total length thereof to a shorter length even when the stroke is made longer, and which thereby provides the compact appearance and layout of, for example, a machine tool, in which the cylinder device is used. The cylinder device includes a first cylinder provided with an extensible piston rod. The piston rod is constituted as a cylinder tube of a second cylinder. The extensible piston rod of the second cylinder is formed in the interior thereof with a flow path for guiding a working fluid into a cylinder chamber of the second cylinder constituted by the piston rod of the first cylinder.

Abstract: A linear movable apparatus for imparting rotational movement to a turntable is provided. The turntable is secured to a rotatably mounted shaft having a ring gear thereon for meshed engagement with gear teeth provided on a piston rod which extends between a pair of pistons. Each piston is reciprocally carried in aligned cylinder housings mounted in a support structure. An adjustable mechanism is provided for retaining the piston rod in snug-fitting relation with the ring gear, and a bracket assembly is secured around the ring gear to support the adjustable mechanism against the ring gear.

Abstract: A linear braking mechanism for fluid actuators defined by a cylinder enclosing a cavity having a piston/piston rod assembly reciprocally mounted therein. The braking mechanism includes a spring biased body which is disposed for engaging and retarding the movement of the piston as it nears the end of its travel. A pressure equalizing metering port is provided in the body of the braking mechanism to equalize pressure on opposite sides of the spring biased body.

Abstract: A pneumatic impacting mechanism comprising a first cylinder and a piston with a rear air distributing bar and a front air distributing bar which simultaneously acts as an impacting head of the same, said rear distributing bar having an axially extending air inlet channel, which in turn can be connected, through a radial air channel in the piston, alternatively with a pair of air inlet channels leading to a second cylinder of a plunger valve, said plunger valve being provided with two annular grooves at both ends for alternatively controlling two air inlet channels and two air exhaust channels. In this manner, the quantities of compressed air entering into the first cylinder during forward and backward strokes are determined by the lengths of the two distributing bars. Moreover, two air buffer chambers are provided at both ends of the first cylinder so that the compressed air doing work within said first cylinder can expand to approximately atmosphere.

Abstract: Presented is an air cylinder apparatus including a control mechanism that is operable to interject mechanical dead-stops to control the linear translation of the piston of the air cylinder to predetermined increments of travel.

Abstract: A Stirling refrigerator has a cold-finger in which a displacer can reciprocate in accordance with changes in pressure inside the cold-finger which are produced by a compressor. A spring is connected between the displacer and the cold-finger in order to brake gradually the movement of the displacer at the ends of its stroke. The spring has a greater spring constant when it is deformed by the displacer being near either end of its stroke than when the spring is in, or near, a neutral position.

Abstract: A plastic pneumatic cylinder has a cylinder housing, a piston within the housing, and a rod on which the piston is mounted. The cylinder is molded of a plastic synthetic resin and has a cylindrical bore of a predetermined diameter. The piston is molded in one piece from plastic synthetic resin, such as Delrin, in the form of a generally cylindrical body and a generally cylindrical sealing lip surronding and spaced radially from the body to seal slidably against the bore. The lip is flared out somewhat to have an edge that is of a greater diameter than the bore. The piston can be formed in single-acting or double-acting configurations. A conical return spring can be employed.

Abstract: A cold finger portion of a refrigerator is coupled to a movable member by means of a spring member having a linear characteristics to form a vibration system make phase difference between pressure variation and movement of the movable member and amplitude thereof possible to set at optimum values and to make a center of movement of the movable member constant by the linearity of the spring member regardless of operating condition.

Abstract: A pneumatic impact tool having a special cushioning assembly for cushioning the repeated recoil of a hammer piston and thereby providing substantially reduced tool vibration during use. The cushioning assembly includes an energy-dissipating damping sub-assembly and an energy-storing coil spring sub-assembly arranged in series with each other such that they operate simultaneously, yet independently, to cushion the hammer piston's rearward movement over a wide range of operating speeds.

Abstract: A bottle manufacturing apparatus has a plurality of exchangable blow molds each having a bottom plate, a plurality of take-out mechanisms for taking a bottle formed in a corresponding blow mold out of the blow mold, a bottom plate height adjuster for each blow mold and each having an operating shaft for driving the height adjuster; a take-out mechanism height adjuster for each of the take-out mechanisms and each having an operating shaft for driving the height adjuster; a single driving shaft rotatable in opposite directions to first and second driving positions; and a plurality of rotating driving mechanisms connected between the driving shaft and the respective operating shafts, the driving mechanisms being in disengaged condition when the driving shaft is in a neutral position, and the driving mechanisms for the operating shafts of the bottom plate height adjusters being engaged when the driving shaft is in the first driving position and the driving mechanisms for the operating shafts of the take-out mecha

Abstract: A tire carcass transfer device (111) having a hollow housing (112) for receiving a tire carcass (160), a plurality of flexible cups (21) arranged in a circular band around the housing, vacuum means connected to the cups (21) and fluid powered actuators (10) for radial movement of the cups. The actuators (10) each have a return spring (24) therein to move piston (14) of the actuator (10) radially outwards by a predetermined amount on cessation of operation of the fluid powered actuator. Since all the pistons (14) are moved the same distance outwards by their respective springs (24), distortions to the carcass from its circular shape are minimized. An actuator (10) having a return spring (24) operating on a rod (15) operably connected to a piston (14) to return the actuator piston to a mid stroke position is also described.

Abstract: A refrigerating machine having a displacer reciprocable in a hollow space having a substantially-closed end for the refrigerating operation has a spring between the displacer and the substantially-closed end of the hollow space for damping vibration and noise of the displacer reciprocation.

Abstract: A fluid-pressure-operated, double-acting working cylinder which dampens the final braking of the work piston, includes a cylinder housing with a movable work piston disposed therein, the work piston dividing the cylinder into two work chambers. A piston rod, on which the work piston is mounted, extends through the housing. At least one auxiliary braking member is disposed on at least one side of the work piston in an offset slidable relation to the work piston. A braking arrangement disposed on the auxiliary braking member is controlled by fluid pressure to brake the auxiliary braking member to a desired position within the cylinder. A dampening chamber, a dampening spring configuration is disposed between the auxiliary braking member work piston such that, following braking of the auxiliary braking member, continued movement of the work piston is effectively dampened.

Abstract: A high pressure accumulator for supplying working fluid of a hydraulic control system includes a cylinder, walls disposed on ends of the cylinder, a piston movable within the cylinder defining a space for the working fluid on one side of the piston and a space for gas forming a gas spring on the other side of the piston, a support tube disposed at one of the walls in the gas space, a spring disposed on the support tube, and a stop disposed on the spring for limiting movement of the piston upon the occurrence of a gas loss in the gas space.

Abstract: A spool valve has a seal-carrying spool movable in a valve bore terminated at one end by an end wall. A stem projects toward the end wall from an end of the spool. A hollow cylinder member is mounted coaxially on the stem via a radially inwardly extending flange which slidably receives the stem. A spring is coaxially mounted on the stem and is biased to urge the cylinder member away from the spool. A stop near the end of the stem retains the cylinder member on the stem and maintains a minimum preload in the spring. When the spool is in a position near the end wall, the end wall engages the cylinder member and moves it away from the stop, thereby compressing the spring so that the spring will be biased to move the spool away from the end wall.

Abstract: A thermal energy detecting system includes a closed cycle cooler (refrigerator) having a piston assembly including a piston, a piston housing and a preloaded spring mounted in the piston housing between the head of the piston and the piston housing for substantially reducing any bearing clearances of the piston assembly during the pressure changes occurring above and below the piston during the cooling cycle of the cooler.

Abstract: A rotary and linear actuating device is disclosed for imparting precision rotary and linear movement to an external member or assembly. In a preferred form of the invention a rotatable assembly is rotated about an axis within a housing by selectively varying the relative pressures of an actuating fluid in at least a pair of fluid pressure chambers defined by the housing, the rotatable assembly and at least a pair of vane members extending therebetween. An elongated shaft member is rotationally fixed relative to the rotatable assembly and is supported by at least a pair of linear bearing assemblies to allow linear movement of the elongated shaft member along said axis. The linear bearing assemblies remain a fixed axial distance from one another in order to adequately support heavy loads on the elongated shaft member and the external member or assembly attached thereto.

Abstract: A reciprocatory air motor has a main plunger valve the position of which controls the flow of air to opposite sides of a main motor piston. Positioning of the plunger valve is itself controlled by a pair of cushion pistons carried on the piston rod of the motor. A space between the cushion pistons is used for the compression of air to effect absorption of the kinetic energy of the moving parts of the motor at opposite ends of the stroke.

Abstract: A vacuum pump assembly which is driven by pulsating exhaust gases emanating from an internal combustion engine is disclosed.

Abstract: An automatic mechanism is provided for locking the piston rod of a multi-position fluid operated linear actuator in its existing extreme axial position and to maintain such piston rod's position against unbiased forces acting on the piston rod, in the event of a failure of, or significant decrease in, the fluid pressure applied on the piston. A lost motion connection is provided between a piston head and the piston rod opposite the locking mechanism, permitting a limited amount of axial movement of the piston head relative to the piston rod. A locking mechanism is provided to automatically engage the piston rod whenever it reaches one of its two extreme axial positions and to lock the piston rod at that position. The locking mechanism is releasable by a cam structure provided on the piston head. The initial movement of the piston head relative to the piston rod in a direction toward the other axial position of the piston rod effects the camming of the locking mechanism to an unlocked position.

Abstract: A hydraulically driven reciprocating motor (10) includes a hydraulic cylinder (12) and a piston (60) mounted for reciprocation within the cylinder. The piston has passageways (74) formed therethrough which are normally sealed by a floating valve (90). Rods (76) are carried by the piston (60) and normally project from one end thereof. When the piston (60) reaches the limit of its travel in one direction the rods (76) disengage the floating valve (90), thereby opening the passageways (74) through the piston (60) to permit movement of the piston (60) in the opposite direction. When the piston (60) reaches the limit of its travel in the opposite direction, the floating valve (90) again seals the passageways (74) through the piston (60) to complete the operating cycle of the motor (10).

Abstract: A single ended hydraulic actuator requiring hydraulic pressure to extend the piston for raising the cowl door of a jet engine and the like. A preload spring device carried in the piston-rod assembly produces an extend force when the actuator is retracted and the door is closed which preloads the actuator to help eliminate fretting of the bearings and piston rod which otherwise can occur due to flight vibrations when unloaded.

Abstract: A shock absorbing device in a press is formed by having a telescopically sliding member fastened to the punch plate of the press and a stopper member fastened to the die plate of the press and placing an oil of high viscosity between the post and the outer cylinder of the telescopically sliding member. This shock absorbing device damps the unloading impact produced when the punch of the press collides with a workpiece and fractures it and, thereby, abates the noise generated from the press, the tool and the workpiece.

Abstract: A vibrationless pneumatic impact tool comprises: a housing; a cylinder axially displaceable in the housing; a hammer piston reciprocably driven by pressure air in the cylinder; a recoil cushioning air volume disposed between the housing and the cylinder; a first valve arrangement located in a fixed disposition relative to the housing; and a second valve arrangement located in a fixed disposition relative to the cylinder and arranged to cooperate with the first valve. The first valve comprises at least one air inlet opening communicating with a pressure air source and at least one air venting port communicating with the atmosphere.

Abstract: A forward motion arresting means is added to a fluid powered lance to reduce the harmful effect of the stopping of the lance forward motion. A plug member mounted on the lance mates with a body member within the housing to prevent fluid flow and reduce the lance forward motion. Rearward motion arresting is achieved by the addition of a reservoir portion which acts as a hydraulic stop in conjunction with the lance piston.

Abstract: The take-out mechanism on a glass container forming machine is operated by the vertical reciprocation of a fluid motor. The movement of the tongs into position to grasp a new container is controlled so that the tong arm which is swinging through an arc of 180.degree. degrees, is cushioned in its final movement so as to avoid excessive vibration of the mechanism.The pressure introduced into the motor for moving the tong arm into position over the dead plate is also connected to a second piston which is spring-biased in relation to the piston rod of the motor. When the tong arm has completed its movement and released the container at the dead plate, the pressure is discontinued at both the motor and the second piston which results in the rod of the second piston actuating the motor rod to cause the tongs to be lifted a predetermined amount.

Abstract: A fluid pressure actuator which locks in the extended position. The lock is a roller operated, dual segment pawl mechanism that unlocks in response to a pressure difference between extend and retract pressures. The two lock segments, chamfered for engagement with the cylinder end, are in diametrically opposed slots in the actuator piston head. A cylindrical section projects from the segment portion. An end view of the lock is mushroom shaped. Two rollers, held in alignment normal to the actuator centerline by a cage integral with the unlock rod, operate in conjunction with the lock cam surfaces in such a manner as to carry the radial loading imposed when in the lock mode.In operation, when the actuator is driven to its extreme extend position, the pawls are driven out by the rollers and lock against the cylinder end. The linear force on the rollers is due to the preload spring plus the hydraulic pressure differential (extend pressure greater than retract pressure).

Abstract: A three-position actuator comprising a casing having a diaphragm dividing the casing into separate pressure chambers, an actuating rod connected to said diaphragm and resilient means urging said diaphragm in one direction. One of the resilient means comprise a movable spring seat with a compression spring interposed between the seat and a plate connected to the diaphragm. The seat and plate are in turn interconnected by a single flat connector strap limiting separation between the plate and diaphragm to an amount approximately one-half the total travel of the diaphragm. In one embodiment of the invention the spring seat is connected to a separate diaphragm. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, only a single diaphragm is employed and the spring seat floats in the casing, with its separation from the diaphragm limited by the connector strap.

Abstract: An improved type of hydraulic control cartridge with mounting structure and accessorial safety device for installation within both ends of reciprocative pneumatic actuators to permit a safe increase in their speed of operation. The safety device automatically stops the actuator if the hydraulic cartridge malfunctions.

Abstract: A brake to decelerate the driving movement of an actuating rod along an axis. The actuating rod is driven relative to a frame by an actuating mechanism. The actuating rod has an external tapered surface whose lateral dimension decreases in the direction in which it is driven. The brake includes a case attachable to the frame which contains within it a peripheral cylindrical brake band and a wedge member. The wedge member has an outer wall, and a tapered inside wall with substantially the same taper angle as the actuating rod. The wedge member and the brake member are disposed inside a passage in the case, with the brake band disposed between the case wall and the wedge member. There is a spacing between the wall of the passage and the outer wall of the brake band. The tapered inside wall is axially aligned with at least a portion of the inside wall of the brake band.

Abstract: An engine is disclosed having at least one piston in operative connection with a crankshaft. A bearing member which defines an elongated, curved bearing surface, is pivotally attached at one end to an eccentrically-mounted member on the crankshaft. The bearing surface of the bearing member is positioned to be intermittently in power-transmitting, sliding relationship with a connection to the piston such as a piston rod. The bearing member is adapted to be rotatable about said pivotal attachment, for transverse displacement by the piston rod relative to the crankshaft, to absorb any shock generated against the piston and the crankshaft, such as by "engine knock." The bearing member is also adapted to return to its pre-displacement position after absorbing the shock.

Abstract: Hydraulic elevator apparatus including a cylinder and a fluid actuated plunger which supports an elevator car. A cylinder head seals against fluid leakage to the outside, and it guides the plunger as it moves relative to the cylinder. The cylinder head includes a travel limit structure for the plunger which generates a hydraulic retarding force programmed by a resilient device which adjusts the hydraulic retarding force during a travel limit stop. The resilient device also adds its own retarding force to the plunger, to smoothly decelerate and stop the plunger with minimal impact forces on the cylinder head.

Abstract: An auxiliary speed control system for a vehical having an engine, a multiple ratio transmission and an operator's foot pedal for varying the engine speed. To obtain a vehicle speed which is different from any of those normally provided by the multiple ratio transmission, a device is moved into proximity to the operator's foot pedal. The device is contacted by the foot pedal when the foot pedal is depressed. When the speed of the vehicle reaches a predetermined maximum, the device acts on the foot pedal to prevent the operator from exceeding the selected speed.

Abstract: A stop tube for use in cylinder assemblies. The stop tube is defined by a base having a tube secured thereto and the base is adapted to be slidably received on the rod of a cylinder to float thereon.