Abstract: A method or process of treating a contaminated fluid (10) having at least one contaminant having a property selected from the group consisting of being volatile, hazardous, tacky and a combination thereof is provided. The method comprises contacting the contaminated fluid with an effective amount of an agent (12) selected from oxidizing agents, free radical producing agents and a combination thereof for an effective amount of time to convert a substantial amount of the at least one contaminant to at least one corresponding modified contaminant having a property selected from the group consisting of being non-volatile, less volatile than the converted contaminant non-hazardous, less hazardous than the converted contaminant, non-tacky and a combination thereof; and generating a treated fluid (14) having a level of the at least one contaminant and of the at least one corresponding modified contaminant to allow the treated fluid to at least meet requirements for release, reuse or further treatment.

Abstract: A system and a method for increasing the selectivity of H2S absorption in an aqueous amine treating processes for streams containing high CO2:H2S ratio mixtures in an absorption column by maintaining the temperature in the absorption column by withdrawing, cooling and returning cooled aqueous amine to the column at at least one location intermediate the sour gas inlet to the column and the lean gas outlet from the column.

Abstract: A system for delivering dry compressed gas is provided, the gas being separated from any entrained liquid lubricant and then passed through a moisture absorber column to interact with a moisture-removing fluid. The fluid is a liquid lubricant or is maintained in a separate closed circuit relative to the liquid lubricant. A moisture stripping device receives some of the gas from the absorber column, which is passed in moisture exchange relation with the fluid before the fluid enters the column. The column has a housing defining a vertical absorption zone, and partition plates each defining gas flow holes. The plates have at least one tube passing therethrough, with an open upper end above one plate, and a lower end adjacent the next lower plate. The fluid passes down the tubes and across a top surface of each plate, with the gas flow passing upwardly through the holes in the plates.

Abstract: A process for removing contaminants from a natural gas feed stream including water and sour species is provided, which process comprises the steps of cooling the natural gas feed stream in a first vessel (12) to a first operating temperature at which hydrates are formed and removing from the first vessel (12) a stream of dehydrated gas (34); and cooling the dehydrated gas in a second vessel (14) to a second operating temperature at which solids of the sour species are formed or at which the sour species dissolve in a liquid and removing from the second vessel (14) a stream of dehydrated sweetened gas (62).

Abstract: A pretreatment system for natural gas liquefaction employing heat integration for more efficient and effective natural gas temperature control. The pretreatment system expands the natural gas prior to acid gas removal. After acid gas removal, the natural gas is cooled by indirect heat exchange with the expanded natural gas located upstream of the acid gas removal system.

Abstract: An exhaust heat utilization method for a carbon dioxide recovery process comprises heating returning hot water by at least one heat exchange selected from heat exchange with the regenerated absorbing liquid after heat exchange, heat exchange with carbon dioxide exhausted from the regeneration tower, and heat exchange with saturated water after heating the bottom of the regeneration tower, thereby obtaining hot water.

Abstract: A gas reduction apparatus 12 is provided for reducing the amount of gas 15 emitted from a cooling tower 10 into the atmosphere. The apparatus 12 in accordance with the principles of this invention includes a first air conduit 13 which collects the gas 15 and chemical particles therein released from the cooling tower 10 before they are released into the atmosphere. The conduit 13 then provides a path for the gas 15 and chemical particles formed therein to flow to a liquefier 16. The liquefier 16 converts the gas 15 to a liquid 17. A filter 32 is coupled adjacent the liquefier 16 to separate the chemical particles released into the liquefier from the liquid 17 formed in the liquefier. The liquid 17 is then directed through an outlet conduit 34 to a cooling tower reservoir 36 where it finds itself back into the cooling tower 10.

Abstract: An air handling unit having a unique air treatment device, and a method for retrofitting existing air handling units to include the air treatment device. The air handling unit includes a casing defining a space for conditioning air, and forming an inlet and an outlet; a cooling coil supplied by a central chiller system and disposed inside the casing; a sump located below the cooling coil; and a supply air blower for drawing air into the casing, and forcing air through the cooling coil. The air handling unit further includes a spray header secured inside the casing, adjacent the cooling coil; and a pumping system for delivering liquid solution from the sump and pumping the solution onto the cooling coil and the solution flows downward over the cooling coil and into the sump below, and the solution treats the air flowing through the cooling coil. In a preferred embodiment, the liquid solution is an anti-bacteria solution, and the solution kills bacteria in the air forced through the cooling coil structure.

Abstract: A system for reducing the temperature of exhaust gas in an incinerator or boiler equipment having an exceedingly small size and avoiding any difficulties caused by damage to the wall surface of a gas cooling chamber due to adherence of sprayed water droplets and deposition of dust. More specifically, pressurized thermal water with a temperature higher than a boiling point of water under atmospheric pressure is sprayed as temperature reduction water into high temperature exhaust gas Gh in a gas cooling chamber or an exhaust gas duct. The temperature reduction of exhaust gas and the removal of acidic gas in the exhaust gas are simultaneously achieved by spraying pressurized thermal water Wt containing an alkaline solution as temperature reduction water into high temperature exhaust gas Gh in the gas cooling chamber or the exhaust gas duct.

Abstract: A pretreatment system for natural gas liquefaction employing heat integration for more efficient and effective natural gas temperature control. The pretreatment system expands the natural gas prior to acid gas removal. After acid gas removal, the natural gas is cooled by indirect heat exchange with the expanded natural gas located upstream of the acid gas removal system.

Abstract: An improved methane wash cycle is disclosed wherein a reduced amount of methane wash is required, thereby allowing for savings in energy costs in operation of the cycle and capital costs in constructing the cycle. Further embodiments allow for an energy recovery and an enhanced recovery of a carbon monoxide and/or hydrogen product.

Abstract: An apparatus for efficiently removing VOC from a plurality of remotely located sources of VOC contaminated gas streams includes a plurality of liquid absorbers, each located near and communicating with a source of a VOC contaminated gas stream, the liquid absorbers associating the VOC with a scrubbing liquid. A gas conduit is associated with each liquid absorber to allow for the recycling of properly conditioned gas to the VOC source. A conduit is connected to each liquid absorber for conveying VOC laden scrubbing liquid from the liquid absorber to a separating apparatus in fluid communication with each of the conduits. A conduit recycles the scrubbing liquid from the separating apparatus to at least one of the plurality of liquid absorbers. A heat exchanger associated with the scrubbing liquid after separation transfers heat to the scrubbing liquid prior to separation, or to an HVAC system, or to the scrubbing liquid prior to the liquid absorber.

Abstract: A cryogenic process and apparatus for separating multi-component gaseous hydrocarbon streams to recover both gaseous and liquid compounds. More particularly, the cryogenic processes and apparatus of this invention utilize a high pressure absorber to improve the energy efficiency of processing natural gas for pipeline gas sales and recovering natural gas liquids (NGL) gas from gaseous hydrocarbon streams.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing a diffusive, continuous laminar flow for particle growth via condensation of vapors with a mass diffusivity near or higher than the thermal diffusivity of the surrounding gas. In an exemplary embodiment, the method uses the condensation of water vapor onto particles suspended in air.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing a diffusive, continuous laminar flow for particle growth via condensation of vapors with a mass diffusivity near or higher than the thermal diffusivity of the surrounding gas. In an exemplary embodiment, the method uses the condensation of water vapor onto particles suspended in air.

Abstract: A system and a method for increasing the selectivity of H2S absorption in an aqueous amine treating processes for streams containing high CO2:H2S ratio mixtures in an absorption column by maintaining the temperature in the absorption column by withdrawing, cooling and returning cooled aqueous amine to the column at at least one location intermediate the sour gas inlet to the column and the lean gas outlet from the column.

Abstract: An air handling unit having a unique air treatment device, and a method for retrofitting existing air handling units to include the air treatment device. The air handling unit comprises a casing defining a space for conditioning air, and forming an inlet and an outlet; a cooling coil supplied by a central chiller system and disposed inside the casing for cooling air therein; a sump located below the cooling unit for collecting liquid condensate on the cooling coil; and a supply air blower for drawing air into the casing, through the inlet, and forcing air through the cooling coil and outward through the outlet.

Abstract: A waste gas treatment system has a primary cooling section provided at a stage subsequent to a decomposition treatment section in which a waste gas is subjected to decomposition treatment at high temperature. The primary cooling section has a liquid spray part for spraying a liquid on the treated gas from the decomposition treatment section. A secondary cooling section cools the treated gas sprayed with the liquid in the primary cooling section to reduce the volume of the treated gas. Further, a particle collecting section injects a liquid into the treated gas cooled in the secondary cooling section to collect fine particles contained in the treated gas.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for processing and cooling a hot gaseous stream exiting a gasification reactor vessel at temperatures in excess of 1300° C. where the gas will come into contact with a corrosive aqueous liquid, including methods and apparatus for cooling the gaseous stream prior to quenching the gaseous stream as well as methods and apparatus for providing vessel construction able to provide for the contact of a hot gaseous stream at temperatures in excess of 1100° C. with a corrosive aqueous liquid.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for the condensation of fumes or gases from a tank containing a liquid. The method comprises leading the liquid into a venturi to create a low pressure at the venturi. Ports are provided in the venturi at the area with low pressure and gas/vapour is lead to the ports in the venturi in the area with low pressure in such a way that the liquid entrains the gas/vapour and forms a fluid, such that the velocity is reduced and the pressure increased to condensate the gas/vapour. The fluid is then led from the chamber to a lower part of the tank for further condensation due to the hydrostatic pressure. An apparatus, a system and a use are also described.

Abstract: Effluent gas cleaning process and apparatus for effectively removing particulates in the 0.01 micron to 0.1 micron diameter range, and for removing water-soluble gaseous contaminants, by first bringing the effluent to a relatively high temperature and humidity in a first stage, and then exposing the effluent to copious quantities of small cool water droplets in a second stage, for particular combinations of: the first stage relative humidity; the first-to-second stage droplet temperature difference; the stage two water droplet mass flow rate vs. effluent flow rate; the second stage droplet size; the travel time of the effluent during exposure to the cool droplets; and the electrical charge state of the second stage water droplets and opposite charge state of the particulates. The combinations enhance effluent cleaning through the combined operation of up to four distinct physical processes which can be made to occur during the second stage.

Abstract: The present invention is a system 100 for removing particulate matter and aerosols from a gas stream generated by gasification prior to the gas stream being used as fuel in an internal combustion device or as synthesis gas for subsequent processing. The present invention consists of removing excess ash by passing the gas stream through a high temperature cyclone separator 102, cooling the gas stream, oil scrubbing the gas to further cool it and to remove particulates and some tars, passing the gas stream through one or more vortex chambers 28 to remove additional tars, passing the gas stream through a heat exchanger 104 to cool the gas, and finally passing the gas stream through a demister 106 to remove aerosols from the gas.

Abstract: A system for reducing the temperature of exhaust gas in an incinerator or boiler equipment having an exceedingly small size and avoiding any difficulties caused by damage to the wall surface of a gas cooling chamber due to adherence of sprayed water droplets and deposition of dust. More specifically, pressurized thermal water with a temperature higher than a boiling point of water under atmospheric pressure is sprayed as temperature reduction water into high temperature exhaust gas Gh in a gas cooling chamber or an exhaust gas duct. The temperature reduction of exhaust gas and the removal of acidic gas in the exhaust gas are simultaneously achieved by spraying pressurized thermal water Wt containing an alkaline solution as temperature reduction water into high temperature exhaust gas Gh in the gas cooling chamber or the exhaust gas duct.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recovery method and apparatus including: a first process in which volatile organic compound gas in exhaust gas from a exhaust gas discharging source is absorbed into water by a scrubber; a second process in which water including the volatile organic compound, which is obtained in the first process, is frozen and the volatile organic compound herein concentrated such that the water including the volatile organic compound is separated into water including a high concentration of the volatile organic compound, level of concentration being higher than that of the water including the volatile organic compound which is obtained in the first process, and ice; a third process in which cold of the ice obtained in the second process is used; and a fourth process in which the water including a high concentration of the volatile organic compound, which is obtained in the second process, is reused, is provided.

Abstract: A cryogenic process and apparatus for separating multi-component gaseous hydrocarbon streams to recover both gaseous and liquid compounds. More particularly, the cryogenic processes and apparatus of this invention utilize a high pressure absorber to improve the energy efficiency of processing natural gas for pipeline gas sales and recovering natural gas liquids (NGL) gas from gaseous hydrocarbon streams.

Abstract: Injection of even very small amounts of supplemental water to the spent-air stream at points upstream from the heat exchanger cooler(s) used in processing spent-air streams from a cumene-to-phenol process allows these heat exchanger coolers to act as both extractors and condensers. It is therefore possible to recover from the heat exchanger cooler a methanol/water condensate, thereby substantially reducing the amount of methanol in the spent-air stream prior to discharge. Thus, known methods for manufacture of phenol from cumene in which an oxygen-containing gas stream is passed through liquid cumene to produce an oxidate product and a spent-air stream comprising methanol and cumene and a saturating amount of water; and in which the spent-air stream is passed through one or more heat exchanger coolers and a carbon bed prior to discharge can be improved.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method of separating and recovering carbon dioxide from combustion exhausted gas, which method includes: bringing the combustion exhausted gas in contact with water, under a pressure-increased condition, to form carbon dioxide hydrate; and thus separating and recovering carbon dioxide contained in the combustion exhausted gas. According to the method, CO2 of high purity can be separated and recovered from the combustion exhausted gas at low cost and with low energy consumption. There is also disclosed an apparatus for separation and recovery of CO2 which apparatus is employed in the method.

Abstract: Provided are ionic purifiers and methods that are suitable for providing an ultra-high-purity chemical to a semiconductor manufacturing process. The ionic purifiers include a vapor inlet introducing a chemical vapor to be purified into a column. A high-purity water inlet continuously introduces high-purity water into the column. The high-purity water contacts the chemical vapor to be purified, thereby forming a purified chemical vapor and contaminated water. A vapor outlet removes the purified chemical vapor from the column. A liquid outlet removes the contaminated water from the column. The invention has particular applicability in the semiconductor manufacturing industry.

Abstract: The subject invention involves an apparatus and method for chilling and scrubbing air to be used in a gas turbine. The apparatus includes at least one spray scrubbing area, where the water is collected, recirculated, and filtered. Cooling is accomplished with at least one evaporative cooling media, such as a packed bed. Optionally the water sprayed into contact with the air may be chilled. At least one drift eliminator is employed prior to the air leaving the apparatus to at least partially dehumidify it prior to use by the gas turbine. The turbine inlet air may be cleaned of solid contaminants, such as sand, dirt, and ash, and of entrained liquid contaminants such as seawater. Under high ambient temperature and relative humidity conditions, this system will also recover fresh water from the air by condensation. The power available from gas turbine refrigeration compressor drivers may be increased by this direct contact cooling of the turbine inlet air.

Abstract: For purifying dust-containing air, particularly in underground mining and tunnel construction, a dust separator 1 in the form of a rotary washer 1 is proposed. The drive 5 of said rotary washer 1 is equipped with a gear unit 10 in order to enable long-term operation with a straight characteristic. Furthermore, disposed downstream of the fan impeller 6 is a special separating element 11 in the form of a demister 20, which is disposed so as to be suspended approximately horizontally in the air stream. Clogging of the demister 20 is therefore effectively prevented and so uniform and reliable operation is guaranteed. The demister 20 together with its associated jetwashing device 22 may be swivelled by a positioning motor 23 into an, in each case, optimum position.

Abstract: A system for eliminating mist from a flue gas while providing air toxic control includes a wet scrubber housing having an inlet at one of the housing for the entry of the flue gas and an outlet at an opposite end of the housing for the exit of the flue gas. Sprayers are located in the housing for spraying the flue gas with a cleaning liquid in order to remove contaminants from the flue gas. At least one heat exchanger is located in the housing above the sprayers in order to remove entrained contaminants from the flue gas by cooling the flue gas. The flue gas is channeled from the inlet past the collection trays, sprayers and heat exchanger prior to exiting the housing through the outlet. A mist eliminator is also provided for eliminating mist from the flue gas.

Abstract: The exhaust gas enters via an exhaust gas line into a washing apparatus. In the washing apparatus solid matter particles are predominantly separated. The pre-washed exhaust gas flows from the washing apparatus through a droplet removing conduit to a trickling filter device in order to be subjected to an activated sludge treatment for the separating of gaseous contaminants. In order to reduce the point of condensation and accordingly the absolute humidity of the exhaust gas for the activated sludge treatment either fresh air is added through a feed line to the pre-washed exhaust gas or the washing water which is led in a closed circuit through the washing water line of the washing apparatus is cooled in a heat exchanger in a cooling tower. A portion of the washing water of the washing apparatus is led through a first solid matter removing apparatus of which a portion of the filtrate is led to an activated sludge basin located under the trickling filter device.

Abstract: The invention is a device for processing a fluid F comprising at least one fraction A to be separated, the fraction to be separated being soluble in a solvent phase. The device includes at least one delivery for the fluid F to be processed; at least one delivery for the solvent phase; at least one two-phase compression device providing homogenization of the fluid F and the solvent phase which dissolves most of the fraction A in the solvent phase and produces a mixture of a solution F1 comprising of solvent phase S and the fraction A dissolved in the solvent phase, and of a fluid F1 which has been depleted of most of the fraction A; and a separation device coupled to an output of the at least one two-phase compression device which discharges respectively solution F1 comprising the solvent phase and the fraction A dissolved in the solvent phase and fluid F2.

Abstract: A process of separating water from ambient air involves a liquid desiccant to first withdraw water from air and treatment of the liquid desiccant to produce water and regenerated desiccant. Water lean air is released to the atmosphere. Heat generated in the process is recycled. The drying capacity, or volume of water produced, of the system for a given energy input is favored over the production of dried air.

Abstract: A method is disclosed by which vapour is cleaned of gaseous impurities during evaporation of polluted liquids. Vapour is conducted via a boiler, a compressor to a heat exchanger (12) in which condensation takes place. In order to clean the vapour, a scrubber (14) is arranged between the boiler (3) and the heat exchanger (12), in which the vapour is scrubbed in several steps (17, 18) at different pH values. Thus, the step (17) is an acid step, whereas the step (18) is an alkaline step. In this manner, the vapour for condensation may be conducted into the heat exchanger and be condensed in order to remove a clean condensate without pollution of acid or alkaline substances.

Abstract: A method of treating gas containing water in order to remove at least part of the water from the gas, including feeding the natural gas to be treated by a first line, with a liquid fraction containing at least an aqueous phase is fed via a second line in the presence of a solvent into a contact zone, so as to bring the gas into direct contact with the liquid fraction over at least a portion of the contact zone. The solvent is a non-hydrocarbon compound other than water, and simultaneously, the gas is cooled in the presence of the solvent in order to condense at least one liquid phase consisting essentially of water in a mixture with the solvent.

Abstract: A vapor recovery system for hydrocarbon storage tanks captures VOCs (volatile organic compounds) which would otherwise escape to the atmosphere, thereby reducing pollutant emissions to the environment. The system includes a wash chamber, where the VOC vapors are sprayed with water at or below ambient temperature to condense the vapors from the air. The liquid hydrocarbons and water then drain downwardly into an accumulator. Due to the immiscibility of water and hydrocarbon fuels, particularly those having high aromatic content such as gasoline, the liquid VOCs are drained off and returned to the storage tank while the water is recycled for further spray cooling of vapors. The spray chamber is also surrounded by a coolant jacket, through which a coolant (water or other suitable liquid) below ambient temperature is circulated. This further reduces the temperature in the spray chamber, to condense additional VOCs and water from the air, as well as cooling the spray water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the purification of an inert gas by subjecting the inert gas to a sorption treatment, especially gas scrubs. The invention comprises compressing the inert gas to a higher pressure before the sorption treatment, performing the sorption treatment at this higher pressure, and then expanding the purified inert gas. The advantages of the process of the invention can be seen to be essentially that, for example, streams of waste air which contain as impurities volatile solvents such as methyl chloride, isopropyl chloride, or dichloromethane, can be cleaned up with low consumption of energy and scrubbing liquid. Correspondingly, the equipment can have smaller dimensions.

Abstract: Recovery of ethanol from the exhaust stacks of a bread-baking oven is achieved by passing the stack emissions through an adiabatic humidifier where the emissions are humidified to near saturation. The unevaporated water content of the humidifier is collected for separation of the ethanol content. The humidified emissions are passed from the humidifier to the vaporization chamber of a heat exchanger where the gas content of the humidified emissions is separated from the moisture content thereof, and the moisture content is collected for recovery of the ethanol content.

Abstract: A water management system removes water vapor from the analyte slug that is desorbed from the trap. The water management system includes a device having a passage through which the volatile organic chemicals and water pass, the passage being designed to remove water vapor by swirling action on the stream. The amount of water removed is more than can be accounted for by simple condensation. The invention also includes the adjustment of the temperature of the water management device during the sample concentration cycle to prevent undesired condensation prior to desorption.

Abstract: A process for the pollution-cleaning treatment of air combines the actions of dehumidification, thermal control, washing of the gases, fixing of the particles, disinfection, spraying and vaporization. An apparatus is provided for implementing the process, and includes a cyclone exchanger or a pseudo-cyclone exchanger which includes a nozzle for injecting a fixing liquid into the inlet stream.

Abstract: The process for cooling of partial oxidation crude gas includes partially oxidizing a fine grained to powdery combustible material in a flow gasifier in the presence of water vapor and an oxidizing member selected from the group consisting of oxygen and air at pressures of up to 100 bar and at temperatures above a cinder melting point to form a crude gas flow; feeding the crude gas flow in a crude gas duct in an upward crude gas flow direction; and feeding an annular cooling flow of a gaseous or vaporous cooling fluid into the crude gas flow in a downward direction opposite to the crude gas flow direction, the annular cooling flow being bounded by interior walls of the crude gas duct. In a preferred embodiment the annular cooling flow is fed into an upper quenching chamber having a diameter smaller than a downstream connected lower quenching chamber through which the crude gas flows so as to prevent upward extension of any growing cinder layer.

Abstract: A method for removing volatile organics from landfill gas, in which the landfill gas, which consists primarily of methane and contains volatile organic components, is passed through a quantity of liquid tetraglyme to cause the volatile organic components to be absorbed in the tetraglyme.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for processing wastes containing a large amount of water and a method for processing leachate from industrial wastes. Specifically, the present invention provides a method which comprises maintaining reduced pressure in the dryer equipped with a stirring means, feeding wastes containing a large amount of water to the dryer, stirring the wastes while blowing refrigerated air at -20.degree. C..+-.5.degree. C. to the dryer, and drying the frozen moisture portion of the wastes by sublimation. Air heated at 80.degree. C.+10.degree. C. can be used instead of refrigerated air to dry water of the wastes by evaporation. The present invention also provides a method for processing leachate which comprises pooling leachate industrial wastes and burned ashes, and utilizing the leachate to absorb wet-type toxic gas, thereby confining the leachate within the waste treatment plant.

Abstract: A method of removing organic contaminants from a process gas such as raw, untreated landfill gas is disclosed. The steps involve collecting the process gas that includes organic contaminants for removal. An absorption liquid such as a terpene, is injected as a mist into the process gas to form a two-state absorption liquid and process gas fluid. The two-state absorption liquid and gas fluid communicates through a heat exchange module for absorption of organic contaminants in the process gas by the absorption liquid resulting in a cleaned process gas. The absorption liquid then is separated from the cleaned process gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for removing harmful hydrocarbons, particularly plant protective aerosols and vapors, from the fresh air supplied to a vehicle cabin. The loaded fresh air is subjected to a partial condensation with subsequent phase separation. The fresh air is cooled below the dew point of the components to be removed in a type of cold trap. It has a device for collecting and draining the obtained condensate. A standard cooling plant may be installed for providing the cold necessary for partial condensation. If the vehicle is already equipped with an air conditioning system, then the cooling necessary for partial condensation is tapped directly from the air conditioner cycle. It is possible for the fresh air stream to be passed over the evaporator of the air conditioner. The cold air stream present following the removal of the condensate can be warmed in heat exchange with fresh air which is to be cooled prior to its further release into the vehicle cabin.

Abstract: An apparatus for handling exhaust gases, such as diesel exhaust, which cools the exhaust gases as the gases exit a diesel engine, and then filters such gases to remove particulate material. A housing has an inlet pipe with perforations and a filling of a liquid through which gas bubbles as it exits the perforations in the inlet pipe. The gas bubbling through the liquid cools the gases. In order to maintain the bubbles at a desired size, a perforated or porous layer of material is provided in the liquid so that gas moves through the perforated layer before it exits the liquid. Preferably the gas exiting the liquid is then passed through a filter which is maintained in a wet condition by mist carried by the gases that is formed as the gases burst through the surface of the liquid. The fibers of the filter are maintained wetted so that particles of material do not adhere to the fibers and can be flushed therefrom.

Abstract: A method for pressurizing a gas using a liquid. The method comprises providing a liquid pump; providing a liquid for introducing to the liquid pump; introducing a gas to the liquid prior to the liquid entering the liquid pump; pumping the liquid and the gas through the liquid pump to provide a compressed mixture of the liquid and gas having an increased pressure; thereafter separating the gas from the liquid while both liquid and gas are under pressure; reducing the pressure of the liquid after the separation; and recirculating the liquid back to the liquid pump.

Abstract: A process for removing a water-soluble acid gas from a gaseous stream containing normally gaseous hydrocarbon compounds, hydrogen and the acid gas to produce an aqueous solution containing the dissolved acid gas and having a very low level of normally gaseous hydrocarbon compounds. The gaseous feed stream is contacted with a lean aqueous stream to remove water-soluble acid gas. The resulting acid gas rich aqueous stream is stripped with a hydrogen-rich gas to produce an aqueous stream containing dissolved acid gas and essentially no normally gaseous hydrocarbon compounds.

Abstract: A water management system removes water vapor from the analyte slug that is desorbed from the trap. The water management system includes a device having a passage through which the volatile organic chemicals and water pass, the passage being designed to remove water vapor by swirling action on the stream. The amount of water removed is more than can be accounted for by simple condensation. The invention also includes the adjustment of the temperature of the water management device during the sample concentration cycle to prevent undesired condensation prior to desorption.