Abstract: Carbon dioxide or other gases can be separated from gas streams using ionic liquid, such as in an electrochemical cell. For example, a membrane can contain sufficient ionic liquid to reduce ionic current density of at least one of protons and hydroxyl ions, relative to carbon-containing ionic current density. A gas stream containing carbon dioxide can be introduced on a cathode side, while a source of hydrogen gas can be introduced on the anode side of the membrane. Operation of an electrochemical cell with such a membrane can separate the carbon dioxide from the gas stream and provide it at a separate outlet.

Abstract: Compositions and methods related to the removal of acidic gas. In particular, the present disclosure relates to a composition and method for the removal of acidic gas from a gas mixture using a solvent comprising a diamine (e.g., piperazine) and carbon dioxide. One example of a method may involve a method for removing acidic gas comprising contacting a gas mixture having an acidic gas with a solvent, wherein the solvent comprises piperazine in an amount of from about 4 to about 20 moles/kg of water, and carbon dioxide in an amount of from about 0.3 to about 0.

Abstract: A method for removing organic sulfur compounds from a vent gas is described. Also described is an apparatus for absorbing organic sulfur compounds from vent gas.

Abstract: There is disclosed herein a solution for removing a sulphur compound or carbon dioxide from a fluid and methods for its use, said solution comprising a metal at between about 0.05 to 25 percent by weight, an amine at between about 10 to 80 percent by volume and water. The sulphur compound may be hydrogen sulphide or a mercaptan. In one aspect, the method is practiced at temperatures significantly below zero.

Abstract: A hydrogen peroxide vapor generation unit (10) receives hydrogen peroxide and water solution at an interface (20) and interconnects with an air dryer (14) by way of nipples (72, 92). In one embodiment, the dryer includes a clamping assembly (42) which is latched (74, 94) with the nipples and which receives a disposable desiccant cartridge (40). In an alternate embodiment, a reusable desiccant cartridge (40?) is connected directly to the nipples (72, 92). When the desiccant cartridge (40?) is saturated, it is removed and placed in a regenerator unit (120). A regenerated cartridge is installed in its place.

Abstract: A description is given of an absorption medium for removing carbon dioxide from gas streams which comprises aqueous solution of an amine of the formula I HNR2 ??(I) where one or both radicals are and the other radical R is hydrogen. The absorption medium is distinguished by particular oxidation resistance.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for the transfer of organic compounds from a first liquid phase to a gaseous phase and from said gaseous phase to a second liquid phase, comprising a packed stripping column (2), a housing (5), a shell (1), a means for introducing the gaseous phase at the bottom end of said packed stripping column (2), a distributor (4) for distributing said first liquid phase onto said packed stripping column (2), causing said first liquid phase to trickle down said packed stripping column (2) counter-currently to the flow of the gas phase and causing the gas stream leaving said packed stripping column (2) at its top end to have a higher content of organic compounds than the gaseous phase introduced at the bottom end of said packed stripping column (2), one or more ducts (9/26) allowing the gaseous phase leaving said packed stripping column (2) to flow downwards to the bottom end of a packed scrubber (3) enclosed in a housing (25), a distributor (12) on top of said packed scrubber (3) ca

Abstract: An apparatus for removing constituents from a fluid stream is provided. The apparatus includes a duct, a collection device, a sorbent injector, and an acoustic generator. The duct has a fluid passageway to receive a fluid stream having constituents. The collection device filters the fluid stream. The sorbent injector injects a sorbent in the fluid passageway of the duct. The acoustic generator generates an acoustic field in the fluid passageway of the duct to promote sorption of the constituents for collection by the collection device. Additionally, a method is provided for removing constituents from a fluid stream.

Abstract: Contemplated plants comprise an acid gas removal unit that receives a compressed gas from an injection gas compressor, wherein acid gas is removed from the compressed gas in the acid gas removal unit at a pressure approximately above pipeline pressure.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for removing volatile organic compounds from air that is vented from tanks and vessels containing hydrocarbon material. This invention also relates to a self-propelled vehicle on which the apparatus is mounted.

Abstract: Self cleaning air filtration machine and a method for using same comprising; a filter with a motor driven belt or disk or counter rotating disks that are perforated, a spray bar, a recirculation pump and supply line, a wet tank, a ultrasonic transducer, ultraviolet submersible bulbs, a water fill port, a liquid level sensor, a liquid and sediment drain port, and a power source. A preferred embodiment includes a subsonic transducer on the wet tank. A preferred embodiment includes a air diffuser, a toxic and noxious gas detection and recognition and radiation detection with automatic safety shut down and audible and visual alarm, a ultraviolet saturation chamber. A preferred embodiment includes a secondary wet filter, a secondary air diffuser, a secondary ultraviolet saturation chamber. A preferred embodiment includes a inline dryer assembly.

Abstract: Process for removing natural gas liquids from a gaseous natural gas stream at elevated pressure to obtain a gaseous product stream having a reduced content of natural gas liquids is provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for preventing contamination of a substrate or a substrate surface, and particularly relates to prevention of contamination of raw materials, semi-finished products, base materials of products and substrate surface in a high-tech industry such as an in the production of semiconductors and liquid crystals. A gas coming into contact with a base material or substrate is purified by dust removing apparatus and adsorption and/or absorption apparatus so that the concentration of fine particles in the gas is below class 1,000 and a non-methane hydrocarbon concentration is below 0.2 ppm. Thereafter, the base material or the substrate surface is exposed to this gas.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for absorbing vapors and gasses by controlling overpressure in storage tanks during filling, transport and storing of fluids in liquid form. The process includes leading of gas down to the bottom of the tank, where a major part of the gas is absorbed in the tank's own liquid in an absorption device or optionally the liquid is supplied from an external source.

Abstract: A process and a device for cleaning waste gas from pulp production, especially for cleaning waste gases from a bleaching reactor. Aerosols contained in the waste gas are removed and the gaseous impurities are scrubbed out of the waste gas by a scrubbing liquid.

Abstract: A method for removing polymer from an acid gas treating system comprising contacting an acid gas containing stream with an aqueous alkanolamine solution and hydrocarbon solvent to form a mixture of an alkanolamine rich solution having the acid gases or byproducts thereof contained therein and the hydrocarbon solvent, where the hydrocarbon solvent has about 60 to 100 volume % aromatics content; and about 50 to 85 volume % two ring aromatic content, based on the total volume of the solvent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the absorptive separation of NH3 and CH4 from a gas under high pressure, which at least contains NH3, H2, N2 and CH4, using a high-boiling, physically acting and regenerable solvent which contains homologues of alkylene glycol-alkyl-ether and which also may contain water, the absorbed components NH3, H2, N2 and CH4 being separated from the laden solvent in at least two further process steps at different pressure rates, thereby withdrawing at least one NH3-rich and at least one CH4-rich gas fraction from the solvent. This process is particularly suitable to be incorporated as unit in an ammonia production plant.

Abstract: A method of separating a gas mixture using a permeation membrane unit, wherein the gas mixture, containing primarily hydrogen and carbon monoxide, is first treated to reduce the level of secondary components to lower than 100 molar ppm.

Abstract: A column of solvent containing foaming contaminants is provided. Gas is educted into the solvent in the column so as to generate foam in the column. The gas is educted into the column independently of the input flow of solvent into the solvent using a pumparound arrangement with the solvent. Foam generation continues so as to push the foam up in the column, wherein much of the solvent that is in the foam is allowed to drain back down into the column. The foam passes through concentrators which increase the residency time of the foam in the column to further dry the foam and to create larger bubbles. The drier foam is pushed out of the column and into a container. The foam is broken up into gas and the liquid foaming contaminants. The gas is recirculated for injection into the column even after foaming has stopped. The foaming contaminants are concentrated at the surface level of the solvent in the column. These contaminants are removed from the column.

Abstract: A method for the separation of non-hydrocarbon gases from hydrocarbon gases, the method comprising the steps of: adding water and an agent adapted to reduce the interfacial tension between water and hydrocarbons to a first stream of desired hydrocarbon and undesired non-hydrocarbon gases to form a gas-agent-water mixture; pressurising the gas-agent-water mixture; and cooling the gas-water-agent mixture to initiate the formation of a hydrate richer in desired hydrocarbons and leaner in undesired non-hydrocarbons relative to the first stream of desired hydrocarbon and undesired non-hydrocarbon gases.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, there is provided a method of binding a gas or volatile compound in a cucurbituril, by contacting the gas or volatile compound with the cucurbituril to form a cucurbituril-gas/volatile complex. There is also provided a method of separating a gas or volatile compound from a mixture of compounds wherein the mixture is contacted with a cucurbituril and whereby at least some of the gas or volatile compound is bound to the cucurbituril to form a cucurbituril complex, followed by the release of at least some of the bound gas or volatile compound from that complex. The present invention is thus advantageous in that it allows use of cucurbiturils in binding gases and volatile compounds for storage, safety, delivery or other uses, such as the trapping of an unpleasant or toxic gas or volatile compound.

Abstract: Process for removing natural gas liquids from a gaseous natural gas stream at elevated pressure to obtain a gaseous product stream having a reduced content of natural gas liquids is provided.

Abstract: In an embodiment, the invention relates to a method for mitigating filter fouling from a coker gas oil by decomposing oligomers present in the gas oil.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating an exhaust gas containing volatile organic compounds. The method includes the steps of: introducing an exhaust gas into a wet scrubber, so that the organic pollutants in the exhaust gas are absorbed by a scrubbing water; pumping the scrubbing water containing the organic pollutants into at least one oxidation tank, thereby causing oxidation reaction between the organic pollutants and an oxidizing agents containing ozone; and introducing the scrubbing water after the oxidation reaction into the wet scrubber. The oxidizing agent further comprises hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: A process for the recovery of combustible components of a gas stream containing the combustible components and oxygen by selective absorption of the combustible components in a solvent, whereby during the absorption the gas phase is dispersed in a continuous liquid phase of the solvent. In a preferred embodiment the process is applied to give a process for the epoxidation of propene with hydrogen peroxide in the alcoholic solvent in presence of a catalyst, wherein a gas stream including unreacted propene, propene oxide and oxygen from the decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide is separated from the epoxidation reaction mixture and the combustible components in said gas stream are recovered using the process as described above.

Abstract: A high purity stream of methane can be obtained from crude natural gas, especially exhaust gas from waste landfills, by a process that includes first removing moisture, then feeding the dried crude gas mixture to a gas-liquid contact absorber to strip heavy hydrocarbon compounds in a primarily carbon dioxide by product stream. Methane enriched gas from the absorber is separated in a membrane separation unit which provides permeate enriched in carbon dioxide that is recycled to the absorber and a purified product stream of methane.

Abstract: A method for recovering large volumes of hydrocarbon fuels, particularly methane (CH4), using commercially available reagents which are strongly water-soluble and soluble in liquid CO2 in the presence of liquid CO2 injected into the methane hydrate formation. The reagents which are strongly water-soluble and soluble in liquid CO2 form dilute aqueous acids that significantly increase the rate of conversion of methane hydrate into methane and CO2 hydrate, thereby allowing the natural gas to be released in a form that can then be recovered in large quantities using conventional devices. The preferred embodiment uses SO3, HCl or other strongly water soluble gas to cause the methane hydrate ice crystals to melt and form an aqueous solution. The aqueous solution contacts the methane hydrate ice on one side and liquid carbon dioxide on the other side.

Abstract: A pretreatment system for natural gas liquefaction employing heat integration for more efficient and effective natural gas temperature control. The pretreatment system expands the natural gas prior to acid gas removal. After acid gas removal, the natural gas is cooled by indirect heat exchange with the expanded natural gas located upstream of the acid gas removal system.

Abstract: An apparatus for efficiently removing VOC from a plurality of remotely located sources of VOC contaminated gas streams includes a plurality of liquid absorbers, each located near and communicating with a source of a VOC contaminated gas stream, the liquid absorbers associating the VOC with a scrubbing liquid. A gas conduit is associated with each liquid absorber to allow for the recycling of properly conditioned gas to the VOC source. A conduit is connected to each liquid absorber for conveying VOC laden scrubbing liquid from the liquid absorber to a separating apparatus in fluid communication with each of the conduits. A conduit recycles the scrubbing liquid from the separating apparatus to at least one of the plurality of liquid absorbers. A heat exchanger associated with the scrubbing liquid after separation transfers heat to the scrubbing liquid prior to separation, or to an HVAC system, or to the scrubbing liquid prior to the liquid absorber.

Abstract: A cryogenic process and apparatus for separating multi-component gaseous hydrocarbon streams to recover both gaseous and liquid compounds. More particularly, the cryogenic processes and apparatus of this invention utilize a high pressure absorber to improve the energy efficiency of processing natural gas for pipeline gas sales and recovering natural gas liquids (NGL) gas from gaseous hydrocarbon streams.

Abstract: A process for separating the components of a multi-component gas stream is disclosed. The multi-component gas stream is contacted with a solvent in an extractor to produce an overhead stream enriched with unabsorbed component(s) and a rich solvent bottoms stream enriched with absorbed component(s). The rich solvent bottoms stream is then flashed regenerate lean solvent and to recover the absorbed component(s) as an overhead stream, which is compressed to produce a product stream. The regenerated solvent is recycled to the extractor. A portion of the product stream is also recycled to the extractor to improve the overall purity of the product stream.

Abstract: A process for removing at least one compound selected from acetic acid, acetate esters and aldehydes from a gaseous fraction comprising carbon dioxide and such a compound. The process includes the steps of (a) scrubbing in a scrubber at least part of the gaseous fraction with water and acetic acid to remove the acetic acid, acetate esters and/or aldehydes and (b) removing carbon dioxide from the scrubbed product of step (a) by absorption in aqueous potassium carbonate. The process may be used to remove acetate esters such as vinyl acetate and ethyl acetate and aldehydes such as acetaldehyde. The process may be employed in the manufacture of vinyl acetate by the reaction of ethylene, acetic acid and an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst, or in the catalytic oxidation of (a) ethane and/or (b) ethylene to produce respectively (a) acetic acid and/or ethylene and (b) acetic acid.

Abstract: An improved method and structure for purification of an acid gas stream by using raw fuel gas as a stripper to remove the BTEX and VOCs from the liquid amine stream. The improved method is particularly useful for purification of acid gas streams with BTEX contaminant levels in excess of environmentally acceptable levels for standard processing. Raw fuel gas is utilized at moderate temperatures and pressures, the uptake of BTEX and VOCs reduces the level of these compounds in the waste amine stream to environmentally acceptable levels, and the remaining contaminants may then be dealt with by ordinary means. Levels of H2S and CO2. in the liquid amine stream are also reduced.

Abstract: A method for removing residual VOC components from a fluid stream used in the sweetening of sour gas at gas processing plants. In a retrofit configuration, the method includes interposing a supplemental VOC removal station after a primary VOC removal station in an absorbent fluid stream. The absorbent fluid stream incorporates fluid into which sour gas components and VOC have been absorbed from a treated gas stream such as produced natural gas. The primary VOC removal station is configured to remove an initial portion of the absorbed VOC from the absorbent fluid stream. The supplemental VOC removal station is configured to liberate a portion of residual absorbed VOC remaining in the absorbent fluid stream downstream from the primary VOC removal station. Further, the supplemental VOC removal station is configured to avoid liberating absorbed sour gas components from the absorbent fluid stream.

Abstract: Particularly in the case of a fuel cell, the waste gas contains, in essence, carbon dioxide and methanol. According to the invention, the carbon dioxide/methanol gas mixture is directed through a porous material and is scrubbed out in the counter-current flow using water. The device utilizes a gas scrubber to separate out the fuel.

Abstract: In accordance with the invention, there is provided a method of binding a gas or volatile compound in a cucurbituril, by contacting the gas or volatile compound with the cucurbituril to form a cucurbituril-gas/volatile complex. There is also provided a method of separating a gas or volatile compound from a mixture of compounds wherein the mixture is contacted with a cucurbituril and whereby at least some of the gas or volatile compound is bound to the cucurbituril to form a cucurbituril complex, followed by the release of at least some of the bound gas or volatile compound from that complex. The present invention is thus advantageous in that it allows use of cucurbiturils in binding gases and volatile compounds for storage, safety, delivery or other uses, such as the trapping of an unpleasant or toxic gas or volatile compound.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for purifying a gas by contacting the gas with a liquid ionic compound. Natural gas may be purified, removing water and carbon dioxide, by contacting the natural gas with a liquid ionic compound.

Abstract: Prior to passing through pumping apparatus effluent gas containing hydrocarbons is subjected to washing by being sprayed with aromatic type oil in oil-recirculating washing apparatus. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contained in the effluent gas are trapped by being absorbed in the oil. The method is suitable for treating effluent gas coming from an installation for chemical vapor deposition or infiltration using a reagent gas containing a precursor for pyrolytic carbon, or else coming from a cementation installation.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating an exhaust gas containing volatile organic compounds. The method includes the steps of: introducing an exhaust gas into a wet scrubber, so that the organic pollutants in the exhaust gas are absorbed by a scrubbing water; pumping the scrubbing water containing the organic pollutants into at least one oxidation tank, thereby causing oxidation reaction between the organic pollutants and an oxidizing agents containing ozone; and introducing the scrubbing water after the oxidation reaction into the wet scrubber. The oxidizing agent further comprises hydrogen peroxide.

Abstract: A mass transfer machine removes dissolved gases or volatile organic compounds from air or a liquid. The mass transfer machine includes a vessel capable of containing a liquid and having a liquid inlet and an air inlet at a near end. It further includes a liquid outlet at a far end. Two or more baffles are located transversely inside of the vessel. The baffle located nearest to the far end of the vessel has a window. Two or more diffusers are located near a bottom surface of the vessel. The diffusers are in communication with the air inlet and have two or more orifices through a wall. An adjustable plate is releasably mounted over the window of the baffle located closest to the far end of the vessel. The plate is adjustable in a vertical direction. In one embodiment, an air source supplies air to the air inlet located on the near end of the vessel. In another embodiment, an air source is connected to the an air exit located on the far side of the vessel.

Abstract: Scrubber liquid from an ethylene oxide process rich in bicarbonate and dissolved ethylene is flashed in two stages to separate ethylene containing vapor from bicarbonate rich solution reduced in ethylene content.

Abstract: In an embodiment, the invention relates to a method for mitigating filter fouling from a coker gas oil by decomposing oligomers present in the gas oil.

Abstract: Scrubber liquid from an ethylene oxide process rich in bicarbonate and dissolved ethylene is flashed in two stages to separate ethylene containing vapor from bicarbonate rich solution reduced in ethylene content.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recovery method and apparatus including: a first process in which volatile organic compound gas in exhaust gas from a exhaust gas discharging source is absorbed into water by a scrubber; a second process in which water including the volatile organic compound, which is obtained in the first process, is frozen and the volatile organic compound herein concentrated such that the water including the volatile organic compound is separated into water including a high concentration of the volatile organic compound, level of concentration being higher than that of the water including the volatile organic compound which is obtained in the first process, and ice; a third process in which cold of the ice obtained in the second process is used; and a fourth process in which the water including a high concentration of the volatile organic compound, which is obtained in the second process, is reused, is provided.

Abstract: A cryogenic process and apparatus for separating multi-component gaseous hydrocarbon streams to recover both gaseous and liquid compounds. More particularly, the cryogenic processes and apparatus of this invention utilize a high pressure absorber to improve the energy efficiency of processing natural gas for pipeline gas sales and recovering natural gas liquids (NGL) gas from gaseous hydrocarbon streams.

Abstract: A method of reducing PFC emissions during a semiconductor manufacturing process that includes a set of sub-processes each of which produces at least one PFC includes the steps of exhausting PFC's produced by each sub-process to a common line to form a combined exhaust stream, treating the combined exhaust stream from each sub-process using a separate PFC abatement system, combining the treated exhaust streams to form a combined treated stream, and wet scrubbing the combined treated stream.

Abstract: Process for the removal of nitrogen contained in natural gas wherein are performed the steps of: a) absorbing the hydrocarbon component of natural gas by means of virgin naphtha in an absorption device, discharging the non-absorbed nitrogen; b) stripping the hydrocarbon component absorbed by the virgin naphtha; c) recycling the virgin naphtha recovered in the stripping, to step (a); d) feeding the natural gas thus treated to a distribution network.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling or removing mercury, mercury compounds and high molecular weight organics, if present, from a resource recovery exhaust stream by separately adding a carbonaceous char to the flue gas while it is still within the unit. The char can be produced in situ by adding a carbonaceous material and allowing it to thermally decompose.

Abstract: A process for the removal of contaminants from a gas, using a gas cleaning agent, which contamination is selected from the group comprising aromatic hydrocarbons and (poly)halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons. For the removal of the contaminant a detergent is added as gas cleaning agent. The detergent is selected from a group formed by an anionic detergent, non-ionic detergent and a mixture thereof.

Abstract: Exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine operating with leaded or unleaded gasoline or diesel or natural gas, are used for energizing a high-speed gas turbine. The convoluting gas discharge causes a first separation stage by stratifying of heavier and lighter exhaust gas components that exit from the turbine in opposite directions, the heavier components having a second stratifying separation in a vortex tube to separate combustible pollutants from non-combustible components. The non-combustible components exit a vortex tube open end to atmosphere. The lighter combustible, pollutants effected in the first separation are bubbled through a sodium hydroxide solution for dissolving the nitric oxide, formaldehyde impurities in this gas stream before being piped to the engine air intake for re-combustion, thereby reducing the engine's exhaust pollution and improving its fuel economy. The combustible, heavier pollutants from the second separation stage are piped to air filter assemblies.