Abstract: Phosphine gas is generated by agitating a reaction mixture of a metal phosphide and water with agitation air in a reaction pot of a phosphine gas generator. The resulting phosphine gas is then diluted with dilution air to produce a fumigant phosphine gas which is directly delivered to a commodity for fumigation. The reaction pot does not have any rotating means such as agitators, rotors, or stirrers. The generator provides on-site generation of phosphine gas in a rapid manner improving the fumigation efficiency for a commodity, such as grain, preferably contained within a storage structures, such as a grain silo. The generator has a built in deactivation system for the unused metal phosphide and phosphine gas.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a cyclone for separating fine particles from a gas. The cyclone includes a cyclone body having an upper end with an inlet and a lower end with a particulate outlet, gas outlet tube with an upper end that extends upwardly into the lower end of the cyclone body, and a vortex breaker. The upper end of the gas outlet tube is connected to the lower end of the cyclone body by a slip joint. The configuration of the cyclone provides for efficient removal of fine particles as compared to conventional techniques. A vessel containing cyclones, and methods of separation using the cyclones and vessel, also are disclosed.

Abstract: A system for sealing the legs of two stages of cyclones in series used in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processes, comprising a terminal leg configuration, which is devoid of moving parts and makes use of a long-radius curve, and which changes the flow direction of the descending mass flow of catalyst in dense phase into a plane orthogonal to the ascending gaseous flow. This prevents the entry of gaseous phase inside the leg, and promotes efficient sealing and preventing the “packing-down” of the dense bed of particulates.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system for the separation of suspensions of spent catalysts and hydrocarbons formed in an FCC unit with multiple ascending flow reaction tubes, comprising interconnections between each of the ascending flow reaction tubes and the separator vessel, each interconnection also comprises two sections. The outside sections of the separator vessel are inclined and are connected to a single vertical section, which penetrates into the interior of the separator vessel, and which has at its lower end an open device for draining the spent catalyst from the suspensions separated in this sector. In the same vertical section, at the end of its internal part at the separator vessel, a series of two sets of cyclones are installed, the first set containing cyclones without sealing legs, and the second set containing conventional cyclones of the first stage.

Abstract: This invention relates in general to a fixed guard(s)/cap(s) and/or screen(s) apparatus (single and/or double formation) shall effect multiple aspects for example the nacelle and inlet for numerous craft, jets, turbojet, turboprop and turboshaft engines—(Helicopters and other VTOL aircraft) such as power plants or the like. This apparatus contains the rotational system(s) which may be applied to the engine shaft attached apparatus and/or pole that allows the mechanism to function by self-induced movement, without limiting engine thrust. Additional security measures have been introduced to the guard(s), cap(s) and/or screen(s) apparatus, which includes a gaseous intake cavity, centrifuge, chamber, manifold and processes—static free and or purification chamber, and a particle collector without limiting engine thrust.

Abstract: A method of removing siloxanes from a gas that contains siloxanes and water, the method comprising: (a) expanding the gas to cool the gas and freeze at least some of the water in the gas; and (b) removing the siloxanes and frozen water from the expanded and cooled gas. The method may also include compressing the gas prior to expanding it. The step of expanding the gas may include expanding it through a turbine. The method may also include using an energy input mechanism to drive one or both of the compressor or turbine. The ice and siloxanes may be removed from the gas with a cyclonic separator.

Abstract: This invention relates to a vacuum cleaner comprising a body with a vacuum source. The vacuum cleaner is provided with at least two filter chambers, a first filter chamber for a first filter means in a surface cleaning mode and a second chamber for the same or a second filter means in a filter cleaning mode.

Abstract: An apparatus and method utilize a fan to direct air through a screen to cool an engine. A cyclonic air cleaner assembly receives air from the blower fan and directs the air towards an air-fuel mixing device of the engine.

Abstract: Systems and methods for separating contaminants in a contaminated airstream are described. In one embodiment, a contaminated airstream is received and a vortex is created that separates the contaminated airstream into a clean airstream used in the system and contaminants (e.g., debris and particles).

Abstract: A vacuum cleaner cyclone separator having a cyclone chamber with an air inlet and an air outlet. The cyclone chamber directs an airflow into a cyclonic pattern to remove a first amount of debris from the airflow. A filter shroud is located within the cyclone chamber and separates the air inlet from the air outlet. The filter shroud includes an air-pervious filter surface adapted to allow the airflow to pass from the air inlet to the air outlet and remove a second amount of debris from the airflow. One or more protrusions are associated with the filter surface, and configured and dimensioned to direct at least a portion of the airflow passing generally parallel to the filter surface away from the filter surface before passing through the filter surface. A dirt collection assembly having a cyclone separator and a method for using a cyclone separator are also disclosed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method is a fan to direct air through a screen to cool the engine. A cyclonic air cleaner assembly receives air from the blower fan and directs the air towards a carburetor.

Abstract: In an FCC process in which swirl arms are used to discharge gas and catalyst from a riser, a baffle is used to direct descending catalyst away from a wall of a disengaging vessel proximate a stripping section comprising elongated strips of metal.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for separating a fluid. The apparatus includes an inlet duct having an inlet flow entrance and an inlet flow exit, the inlet duct defining an inlet width that decreases between the inlet flow entrance and the inlet flow exit, and an inlet radius that increases between the inlet flow entrance and the inlet flow exit. The apparatus also includes a separating turn fluidly connected to the inlet flow exit of the inlet duct and including an outer surface defining an opening. The apparatus further includes a liquid outlet fluidly connected to the opening of the separating turn to allow a higher-density component of the flow to exit the separating turn, and an outlet duct having an outlet flow entrance connected to the separating turn, to allow a lower-density component of the flow to exit the separating turn.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for separating a fluid are provided. The apparatus can include a separator and a collector having an internal volume defined at least in part by one or more surfaces narrowing toward a bottom portion of the volume. The separator can include an exit port oriented toward the bottom portion of the volume. The internal volume can receive a fluid expelled from the separator into a flow path in the collector and the flow path can include at least two directional transitions within the collector.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a device for the coarse separation of solid particles from solid-laden gases. The invention further relates to a method for treating particulate feed materials by means of treatment gases in a reactor, particularly in a fluidization zone at an increased temperature. Due to a blind hole-like line extension, it is possible to separate solid particles from a solid-laden gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for the tangential introduction of a gas-loaded liquid stream into the top of a column in which gas and liquid are separated. Entry into the column top proceeds through a conventional radially arranged port, to which, however, a special tube construction connects which ensures as smooth as possible non-turbulent flow and its tangential exit into the column top.

Abstract: A system for managing fuel-vapor emission from a fuel tank of a vehicle using a vortex-effect flow separator coupled in the fuel-vapor purging system of the vehicle. The warmer-flow outlet of the separator is coupled to the engine intake, and the cooler-flow outlet is coupled to the fuel tank. In this way, less fuel vapor is delivered to the engine intake.

Abstract: An improved cyclone system for disengaging solid and gaseous particles in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processes with reduced coke formation in disengager vessels, without favoring release of the disengaged catalyst into cyclones in subsequent stages, said system comprising legless cyclones 42 fitted with external collector pipes 43, is described. The collector pipes 43 optimize the purge of gases coming from the disengager vessel 49, reducing the time the hydrocarbons remain inside the disengager vessel 49, thus preventing overcracking and subsequent coke formation. Positioning of the external collector pipes 43 prevents release of the disengaged catalyst into cyclones in subsequent stages.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of a cyclone separator for separating keratin particles originating from poultry out of a gas, in particular air. The separated particles comprise down particles. The invention furthermore relates to a climate chamber for hatching eggs and/or keeping poultry. Said climate chamber comprises a substantially closed compartment having two opposite side walls provided with one or more passages; as well as a substantially closed duct which extends outside the compartment and connects one of said side walls to the other of said side walls so as to form a substantially closed circuit together with the compartment. Said climate chamber furthermore comprises a cyclone separator, the inlet of which ends in the substantially closed duct and the outlet of which ends outside the closed duct for discharging into the environment.

Abstract: A substance detection device, including a chemical substance analyzer, including an ion mobility spectrometer (IMS), a desorber, a conduit, and a membrane. The membrane extends across a cross-section of the conduit, and the membrane is positioned to have a desorber side in gas communication with the desorber and an analysis side opposite the desorber side. The substance detection device can be configured to direct a portion of a chemical substance to the desorber through the conduit so that at least a portion of the entrained chemical substance is transferred to the membrane by interacting with the desorber side of the membrane. The membrane is adapted to diffuse at least a portion of the chemical substance transferred to the membrane through the membrane to the analysis side. The device also includes a particle separator including a protuberance extending into a collection chamber of the particle separator.

Abstract: An apparatus for collection and reduction of yard debris combining a frontally facing vacuum pick up with a chipper-shredder-blower unit to induce airflow for entraining debris collected at the vacuum pick up; reduce the entrained debris to a more manageable volume; impel the reduced debris to a two-stage free-flow-separator device for removing the debris from the air in which it is entrained; and deposit the debris in a detachable accumulator for subsequent dumping.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for limiting the loss of catalyst particles through olefin product streams and regenerator flue gas streams exiting the reaction system. In particular, this invention provides for removing catalyst particles from the reactor using a water stream and from the regenerator using a two step separation process. The two step process involves the use of a catalyst fine separation unit.

Abstract: In an FCC apparatus in which swirl arms are used to discharge gas and catalyst from a riser, a baffle is used to direct descending catalyst away from a wall of a disengaging vessel proximate a stripping section comprising elongated strips of metal.

Abstract: An apparatus for the polymerization of olefins, in particular ethylene, comprising a gas-phase fluidized-bed reactor (1), a recycle gas line (2) connected to the reactor for discharging and recirculating the recycle gas stream comprising the unpolymerized olefin and a cyclone (3) located in the recycle gas line for the reduction and precipitation of the solid particles entrained in the recycle gas from the reactor, with the cyclone comprising an upper section (3a) which has an essentially vertical central axis, whose wall extends along a rotationally symmetric body and which is provided with a cyclone inlet (4) arranged eccentrically relative to the central axis, a middle section (3b) which adjoins the upper section (3a) and whose wall extends along a rotationally symmetric body which tapers in a downward direction, a lower section (3c) for discharging the solid particles precipitated from the recycle gas which adjoins the middle section (3b) and whose wall extends along a rotationally symmetric body and a tu

Abstract: Device (34) for separating particles and/or drops of solid/fluid material out of a fluid, which device comprises a cyclone (14) with an inlet (16) and an outlet (28). The device comprises a centrifuge (36) that is arranged to separate particles and/or drops of solid/fluid material from the outlet fluid in said cyclone (14). The centrifuge (36) is located downstream of the cyclone (14) and is located in the cyclone (14). The centrifuge's axis of rotation is arranged to extend in the same direction as the cyclones axis of rotation and that the centrifuge (25) comprises a plurality of lamellae (40) that is arranged coaxially on a shaft (42) at a distance from one another so that fluid channels are formed between adjacent lamellae (40) and so that fluid flows in between adjacent lamellae (40) in a direction from the lamellae's periphery (4Op) towards said shaft (42) when said centrifuge (36) is in use.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a cyclone for separating fine particles from a gas. The cyclone includes a cyclone body having an upper end with an inlet and a lower end with a particulate outlet, gas outlet tube with an upper end that extends upwardly into the lower end of the cyclone body, and a vortex breaker. The upper end of the gas outlet tube is connected to the lower end of the cyclone body by a slip joint. The configuration of the cyclone provides for efficient removal of fine particles as compared to conventional techniques. A vessel containing cyclones, and methods of separation using the cyclones and vessel, also are disclosed.

Abstract: The system of the present invention includes a centripetal cyclone for separating particulate material from a particulate laden gas solids stream. The cyclone includes a housing defining a conduit extending between an upstream inlet and a downstream outlet. In operation, when a particulate laden gas-solids stream passes through the upstream housing inlet, the particulate laden gas-solids stream is directed through the conduit and at least a portion of the solids in the particulate laden gas-solids stream are subjected to a centripetal force within the conduit.

Abstract: A vapor/liquid separation apparatus for treating a flow of vapor/liquid mixtures of hydrocarbons and steam comprises a vertical drum with a side inlet to introduce hydrocarbon/steam mixtures, an overhead vapor outlet, and a lower section in communication with a cylindrical boot of less diameter than the drum, the boot comprising sufficient gas-liquid contact surface, e.g., that provided by one or more sheds, baffles and/or distillation trays, to provide at least a partial theoretical distillation stage, and a lower portion for receiving liquid from the drum, a lower outlet for removing the liquid, and an inlet for introducing a stripping gas such as steam, hydrogen, light crackable hydrocarbon, and/or methane, below the distillation tray and preferably above the level of liquid in the boot.

Abstract: The present invention describes a novel gas/solid separation system that can be applied to any type of FCC unit regenerators. It consists of a device for separating solid particles contained in a gas stream coming from the regeneration zone of a fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit bounded by an inner envelope (3) of cylindrical shape centred about the vertical axis of the regeneration zone, and an outer envelope (1) that has one approximately horizontal wall (15), followed by one curvilinear wall (16), and one approximately vertical wall (17), the set of said walls (15, 16, 17) covering the inner envelope (3) and forming a set of separation chambers (2) radially distributed around the inner envelope (3) in which the gas/solid suspension to be separated circulates. This novel separation system makes it possible to obtain, at the same time, very good separation efficiency while minimizing the pressure drop and only requiring a single downstream cyclone stage.

Abstract: In a cyclone and a method for operating a cyclone, in a duct leading to an inlet of the cyclone, at least partial separation of particles according to size takes place. A bypass arrangement diverts selected particles to the discharge duct of the cyclone. The cyclone is suitable for separating particles from blast furnace waste gases.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are provided for removing dust particles from air circulating within a mowing machine, such as a lawn mowing machine, including a housing, a handle attached to the housing, a prime mover attached to the housing, and a grassbag employing a cyclonic separator. A grassbag apparatus can be provided that can include a grass clippings chamber for collecting blades of grass that have been cut and a dust collection chamber for removing and collecting dust-filled air from the air circulating within the lawn mowing machine. The dust collection chamber can include a cyclonic separator and a dust collection receptacle, wherein the cyclonic separator can be configured to remove dust particles from air circulating within the grassbag apparatus.

Abstract: Two or more cyclone systems can be contained in a single vessel. Each cyclone system can be in fluid communication with an inlet stream and a fluid discharge line. First cyclone system can include a vent open to the cyclone containing vessel. Second cyclone system can be sealed to restrict fluid entry from and/or exit into vessel, which can inhibit product vapors from exiting the vent of one cyclone system into the vessel and flowing into the vent of the other cyclone system.

Abstract: A cyclone dust separating apparatus for separating dust from external air drawn in thereto and discharging the separated dust, comprises at least one first cyclone body having a tubular shape and forming a first cyclone chamber where the external air is rotated; and at least one second cyclone body forming a second cyclone chamber where the air discharged from the first cyclone chamber is rotated again to separate dust, wherein the external air is drawn in through a lower end of the first cyclone chamber and discharged through an upper end of the first cyclone chamber, and the air discharged from the first cyclone chamber is drawn in through an upper end of the second cyclone chamber and discharged through an upper end of the second cyclone chamber.

Abstract: A cyclone separator including a gas inlet, a gas outlet, and a particle outlet opening, wherein a rotatable particle collection chamber is in fluid communication with the particle outlet opening.

Abstract: Fine, solid particles in a gas stream, especially fly ash particles in the hot gas stream from a coal/coke-utilizing synthesis gas unit, are agglomerated by passage through a gas flow matrix element having a body with confined gas flow channels which bring the particles into close proximity to one another in an environment of low turbulence; a rough surface on the gas flow passages provides surface induction to promote agglomeration of the particles. The larger, agglomerated particles may then be removed from the gas stream by inertial separators such as cyclones.

Abstract: A system for sealing the legs of two stages of cyclones in series used in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processes, comprising a terminal leg configuration, which is devoid of moving parts and makes use of a long-radius curve, and which changes the flow direction of the descending mass flow of catalyst in dense phase into a plane orthogonal to the ascending gaseous flow. This prevents the entry of gaseous phase inside the leg, and promotes efficient sealing and preventing the “packing-down” of the dense bed of particulates.

Abstract: A method of separating a multiphase fluid, the fluid including a relatively high density component and a relatively low density component, that includes introducing the fluid into a separation region; imparting a rotational movement into the multiphase fluid; forming an outer annular region of rotating fluid of predetermined thickness within the separation region; and forming and maintaining a core of fluid in an inner region. Fluid entering the separation vessel is directed into the outer annular region and the thickness of the outer annular region is such that the high density component is concentrated and substantially contained within this region, the low density component being concentrated in the rotating core. A separation system employing the method is also provided. The method and system are particularly suitable for the separation of solid debris from the fluids produced by a subterranean oil or gas well at wellhead flow pressure.

Abstract: A method of removing siloxanes from a gas that contains siloxanes and water, the method comprising: (a) expanding the gas to cool the gas and freeze at least some of the water in the gas; and (b) removing the siloxanes and frozen water from the expanded and cooled gas. The method may also include compressing the gas prior to expanding it. The step of expanding the gas may include expanding it through a turbine. The method may also include using an energy input mechanism to drive one or both of the compressor or turbine. The ice and siloxanes may be removed from the gas with a cyclonic separator.

Abstract: Systems and methods for separating contaminants in a contaminated airstream are described. In one embodiment, a contaminated airstream is received and a vortex is created that separates the contaminated airstream into a clean airstream used in the system and contaminants (e.g., debris and particles).

Abstract: A filter arrangement includes a filter element, a frame construction secured to the filter element, and a handle member secured to the filter element. In preferred embodiments, the handle member is secured to the frame construction. Preferably, the filter element includes a central core member, wherein fluted filter media is coiled around the central core member. Preferably, the central core member includes a plurality of corrugations, wherein the corrugations mateably engage at least some flutes. Preferably, the handle member is integral with the central core member, and also includes a fastening member for connection to a frame construction on the filter element. Methods for cleaning air and servicing an air cleaner preferably include constructions as described herein.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for a device that can include a waste collector, a system that transports waste stream of particle matter from a housing, a system that transports a waste stream of effluent and particle matter from the housing, and a separator that receives the waste streams and collects the particle matter into the waste collector.

Abstract: A process to separate solids from a solids laden gaseous flow containing more than 100 mg/Nm3 solids by separating solids from the gaseous flow using a gas-solids separator resulting in a gaseous flow containing less than 50 mg/Nm3 solids and an underflow having the separated solids and part of the gaseous flow as fed to the gas-solids separator; separating part of the solids from the underflow in a cyclone wherein solids and a gaseous flow containing still some solids are obtained; contacting the gaseous flow obtained with water to separate the solids and obtain a gaseous flow containing between 0 and 50 mg/Nm3 solids; and combining the gaseous flows which are poor in solids.

Abstract: A cyclone dust separating apparatus for separating dust from external air drawn in thereto and discharging the separated dust, comprises at least one first cyclone body having a tubular shape and forming a first cyclone chamber where the external air is rotated; and at least one second cyclone body forming a second cyclone chamber where the air discharged from the first cyclone chamber is rotated again to separate dust, wherein the external air is drawn in through a lower end of the first cyclone chamber and discharged through an upper end of the first cyclone chamber, and the air discharged from the first cyclone chamber is drawn in through an upper end of the second cyclone chamber and discharged through an upper end of the second cyclone chamber.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are provided for removing dust particles from air circulating within a mowing machine, such as a lawn mowing machine, including a housing, a handle attached to the housing, a prime mover attached to the housing, and a grassbag employing a cyclonic separator. A grassbag apparatus can be provided that can include a grass clippings chamber for collecting blades of grass that have been cut and a dust collection chamber for removing and collecting dust-filled air from the air circulating within the lawn mowing machine. The dust collection chamber can include a cyclonic separator and a dust collection receptacle, wherein the cyclonic separator can be configured to remove dust particles from air circulating within the grassbag apparatus.

Abstract: Phosphine gas is generated by agitating a reaction mixture of a metal phosphide and water with agitation air in a reaction pot of a phosphine gas generator. The resulting phosphine gas is then diluted with dilution air to produce a fumigant phosphine gas which is directly delivered to a commodity for fumigation. The reaction pot does not have any rotating means such as agitators, rotors, or stirrers. The generator provides on-site generation of phosphine gas in a rapid manner improving the fumigation efficiency for a commodity, such as grain, preferably contained within a storage structures, such as a grain silo. The generator has a built in deactivation system for the unused metal phosphide and phosphine gas.

Abstract: Apparatus for separation of particles from a fluid stream entraining said particles comprises an inlet zone, a centrifugal separation zone, particles collection means and exhaust means, in which the inlet and separation zones are in communication via a transition zone for inducing vortical flow in the fluid stream, the transition zone having a diameter greater than the diameter of the inlet zone and comprising means defining an outlet port to the separation zone, an entry port being formed in the transition zone upstream of the baffle means, the entry and outlet ports being mutually arranged to minimise fluid perturbation in the fluid stream in use.

Abstract: A multi-cyclone dust collector including at least one first cyclone forcing contaminants-laden air that is entered into a lower portion of the at least one first cyclone to whirl so as to centrifugally separate contaminants from the contaminants-laden air; and at least one second cyclone being disposed around the at least one first cyclone, the at least one second cyclone forcing semi-clean air that is discharged from the at least one first cyclone and is entered into a lower portion of the at least one second cyclone to whirl so as to centrifugally separate fine contaminants from the air.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cyclone separator for separating a mixture containing solid particles, liquid and/or gas into a heavy fraction and a light fraction, the separator comprising: an outer casing (4) defining a flow space (6) through which the mixture is to flow; —flow body (5) arranged in the flow space along which the mixture to be separated can be carried; —at least one swirl element (10) arranged between the flow body and the outer casing, the swirl element defining a proximal region (E), an intermediate region (R) and a distal region (P), wherein in the proximal region the swirl element is adapted so as to gradually set the incoming mixture into a rotating movement for the purpose of separating the mixture into the heavy and light fraction and wherein in the distal region the swirl element is adapted so as to gradually reduce the rotating movement of the mixture for the purpose of recovering pressure.

Abstract: In an FCC process in which swirl arms are used to discharge gas and catalyst from a riser, a baffle is used to direct descending catalyst away from a wall of a disengaging vessel proximate a stripping section comprising elongated strips of metal.

Abstract: A method for cyclonic separation of gaseous and liquid fractions from a multiphase fluid mixture comprises: providing a cyclonic separation vessel (1) having a bottom section (4), a top section (3) and a tubular midsection (2), which is co-axial to a central axis (5); injecting the multiphase fluid mixture into the vessel via an inlet conduit (6) which has a substantially tangential orientation relative to said central axis (5); inducing the fluid mixture to swirl within said tubular mid-section (2) of the vessel at such a speed that liquid and gaseous fractions are separated by cyclonic separation and gravity forces induce the liquid fraction to drop to the bottom section (4) of the vessel; —removing the gaseous fraction from the interior of the top section of the vessel via a gas outlet conduit (8) which has an entrance opening which is located at or near the central axis (5); removing the liquid fraction from the interior of the bottom section (4) of the vessel via a plurality of liquid outlet openings (11