Abstract: An object of the present disclosure is to improve the generation efficiency of a UFB-contained liquid in a generation apparatus having a circulation mechanism. One embodiment of the present invention is an ultra fine bubble generation apparatus including: a first tank that stores a liquid; a generation unit configured to generate an ultra fine bubble in the liquid output from the first tank; a second tank that stores the liquid output from the generation unit; and a liquid passage that inputs again the liquid stored in the second tank to the first tank, and the ultra fine bubble generation apparatus includes a blocking configuration that blocks an ultra fine bubble included in the stored liquid from being input again to the first tank.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for purification of air, is disclosed. The apparatus includes: (a) a mist generator, is configured to generate water micro droplets, (b) a charging chamber, is configured to transfer electric charges to the micro droplets, (c) an interacting space is configured to act as a physical barrier and provide sufficient space for adsorption of air pollutants, (d) a collecting chamber is configured to collect the contaminated micro droplets and convert them to a liquid form, (e) and a water recycling section, is configured to remove the contaminations and provide a usable clean water for the mist generator. The collecting chamber of the apparatus is incorporated with a plastic grid enhanced with surface modified nanofibers to promote the micro droplet collecting efficiency. Further, a method of fabricating a plastic grid enhanced with surface modified nanofibers for an air purifier apparatus is also disclosed.

Abstract: A purge exhaust processor includes an inlet chamber, a sump chamber, a selectively charged surface in the inlet chamber, and an orifice. The inlet chamber receives purge exhaust including at least one of air, water vapor, oil aerosol, and water aerosol. The selectively charged surface agglomerates at least one of the oil aerosol and water aerosol into a liquid. The orifice is sized for passing the agglomerated liquid from the inlet chamber to the sump chamber.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electric dust collector apparatus in an electrostatic precipitator system and a method for electrostatic precipitation thereby. The electric dust collector apparatus includes a flow liquid dust collector part collecting charged dust in a liquid flowing to its one side surface, and a counter unit located opposite to the flow liquid dust collector part and including a counter plate charged with the same polarity with the charged dust to guide the induced charged dust to flow toward the flow liquid dust collector part, wherein the counter unit further includes a coating including an insulating material coating the counter plate.

Abstract: A modular ductwork assembly decontaminates an air stream circulating within a heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system. The assembly includes one or more of (a) an ionizing module for removing particulates from the air stream, (b) a sterilization module for neutralizing airborne pathogens present in the air stream, (c) an ozone treatment module for neutralizing pathogens or odoriferous or gaseous constituents or volatile organic compounds (VOCs) present in the air stream, optionally (d) baffles for slowing and disrupting the flow rate and promoting turbulence in the air stream traveling through the modules, optionally (e) a fan module for directing a treated air stream, optionally (f) an ozone sensor, optionally (g) a monitoring or ozone control means, and optionally (h) a means of delivering and repurposing generated ozone. Each of the modules is arranged substantially adjacent to at least one of the other modules.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electric dust collector apparatus in an electrostatic precipitator system and a method for electrostatic precipitation thereby. The electric dust collector apparatus includes a flow liquid dust collector part collecting charged dust in a liquid flowing to its one side surface, and a counter unit located opposite to the flow liquid dust collector part and including a metal plate charged with the same polarity with the charged dust to guide the induced charged dust to flow toward the flow liquid dust collector part, wherein the counter unit further includes a coating including an insulating material coating the metal plate.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for reducing waste effluent from a system including a boiler and a wet electrostatic precipitator, the waste effluent having blow down water discharged by the boiler during a blow down operation and bleed water discharged by the wet electrostatic precipitator. The method includes collecting the blow down water and providing it to the wet electrostatic precipitator as a makeup water supplement, evaporating a portion the bleed water and leaving residual bleed water, providing the evaporated bleed water to the wet electrostatic precipitator as a further makeup water supplement, and using the residual bleed water to quench ash produced by combustion of solid fuel by the boiler. The apparatus includes an evaporator that provides direct contact between hot boiler flue gas and the bleed water such that a portion of the flue gas is quenched before being provided to the wet electrostatic precipitator.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for reducing quench water required by a wet electrostatic precipitator. The apparatus includes a wet electrostatic precipitator and an evaporator in flow communication with the wet electrostatic precipitator to evaporate at least one portion of bleed water discharged from the wet electrostatic precipitator into steam. The method includes directing at least one portion of bleed water discharged from the wet electrostatic precipitator to an evaporator and directing at least one portion of flue gas from a boiler to the evaporator. The energy of the at least one portion of flue gas is used to evaporate the at least one portion of the bleed water into steam. The steam is directed to the wet electrostatic precipitator. The at least one portion of flue gas is directed from the evaporator to the wet electrostatic precipitator.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for reducing waste effluent from a system including a boiler and a wet electrostatic precipitator, the waste effluent having blow down water discharged by the boiler during a blow down operation and bleed water discharged by the wet electrostatic precipitator. The method includes collecting the blow down water and providing it to the wet electrostatic precipitator as a makeup water supplement, evaporating a portion of the bleed water and leaving residual bleed water, providing the evaporated bleed water to the wet electrostatic precipitator as a further makeup water supplement, and using the residual bleed water to quench ash produced by combustion of solid fuel by the boiler. The apparatus includes an evaporator that provides direct contact between hot boiler flue gas and the bleed water such that a portion of the flue gas is quenched before being provided to the wet electrostatic precipitator.

Abstract: In a method for removing solids from overspray produced when painting objects, the overspray is absorbed by an air flow and is conducted to a deposition surface, across which a deposition liquid flows and where a large part of at least the solids is transferred into the deposition liquid, is discharged by said deposition liquid, and is removed from the liquid by means of a deposition process. A deposition liquid is used and disclosed which comprises a detackifying medium and an optional suspending fluid, paint overspray particles being detackified using the detackifying medium.

Abstract: A system includes an ultrasound wave generator, a fluid cavity coupled to the ultrasound wave generator, an array of micro-machined ultrasonic-assisted electrospray nozzles coupled to the fluid cavity, an electrode configured to impart a charge onto the fluid output of the electrospray nozzles, and a carbon dioxide release unit configured to receive the ionic liquid after absorption of carbon dioxide by the ionic liquid and to remove carbon dioxide from the ionic liquid such that the regenerated ionic liquid can be recycled for additional carbon dioxide capture.

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus includes a processing chamber for accommodating therein a processing target substrate; a gas exhaust path through which a gas inside the processing chamber is exhausted; one or more exhaust pumps provided in the gas exhaust path; and a scrubber for collecting harmful components from an exhaust gas. The apparatus further includes an ionized gas supply unit for supplying to the gas exhaust path an ionized gas for neutralizing charged particles included in the exhaust gas flowing therethrough.

Abstract: An air purifier is disclosed having a bubble generator configured to generate fine air bubbles with a diameter of about 50 ?m or less and a negative electrical charge. The bubble generator is coupled to an air purification tank, which contains a liquid for purifying the air within the air bubbles, by dissolving impurities. The tank also has a positive electrode disposed within the liquid. The positive electrode is configured to attract the negatively charged air bubbles, thereby promoting defoaming and increasing the air throughput rate.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to cyclonic separation or filtering of nanoparticles suspended in a gas. A plume of liquid droplets may be generated using an ultrasound or other generator. The gas may be mixed with the plume of liquid droplets, which may have received an electrostatic charge prior to mixing, to promote preferential adhesion of the nanoparticles to the liquid droplets. The gas with suspended nanoparticles and suspended liquid particles may flow through a cyclonic separator that spins rapidly, causing the cleaned gas to flow out of the filter while the liquid with adhered nanoparticles may be discharged, collected, and/or re-used in the plume generator. By causing nanoparticles to adhere to larger liquid particles, the filter may allow the filtering and collection of much smaller particles than current systems may filter under atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A process for separating tetrafluoroethylene from a mixture comprising tetrafluoroethylene and carbon dioxide by contacting the mixture with at least one ionic liquid.

Abstract: A method of reducing the concentration of pollutants in a combustion flue gas having a first temperature is provided. The method includes the step of providing an organic Rankine cycle apparatus utilizing a working fluid and including at least one heat exchanger is arranged in thermal communication with the flue gas. The method further includes the step of reducing the temperature of the flue gas to a second temperature less than the first temperature by vaporizing the working fluid within the heat exchanger utilizing thermal energy derived from the flue gas. The method further includes the step of filtering the flue gas through at least one filter disposed downstream of the heat exchanger to remove pollutants from the flue gas. An associated system configured to reduce the concentration of pollutants in the combustion flue gas is also provided.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and system for minimizing a quantity of particulate matter entrained within a gas stream is provided. A course filter removes at least a portion of particulate matter having a relatively-large particle size from the gas stream. An agglomerator agglomerates particulate matter having a relatively-small particle size remaining in the gas stream into particulate clusters after the portion of the particulate matter having the relatively-large particle size has been removed by the course filter. An injector introduces an agglomerating material into the gas stream before the gas stream enters the agglomerator. The agglomerating material promotes agglomeration of the particulate matter having the relatively-small particle size into the particulate clusters. And a second filter receives the gas stream and removes at least a portion of the particulate clusters entrained within the gas stream exiting the agglomerator.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for reducing waste effluent from a system including a boiler and a wet electrostatic precipitator, the waste effluent having blow down water discharged by the boiler during a blow down operation and bleed water discharged by the wet electrostatic precipitator. The method includes collecting the blow down water and providing it to the wet electrostatic precipitator as a makeup water supplement, evaporating a portion of the bleed water and leaving residual bleed water, providing the evaporated bleed water to the wet electrostatic precipitator as a further makeup water supplement, and using the residual bleed water to quench ash produced by combustion of solid fuel by the boiler. The apparatus includes an evaporator that provides direct contact between hot boiler flue gas and the bleed water such that a portion of the flue gas is quenched before being provided to the wet electrostatic precipitator.

Abstract: A portable high air volume electrostatic collection precipitator for analyzing air is provided which is a relatively small, self-contained device. The device has a collection electrode adapted to carry a variety of collecting media. An air intake is provided such that air to be analyzed flows through an ionization section with a transversely positioned ionization wire to ionize analytes in the air, and then flows over the collection electrode where ionized analytes are collected. Air flow is maintained at but below turbulent flow, Ionizable constituents in the air are ionized, attracted to the collection electrode, and precipitated in the selected medium which can be removed for analysis.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to cyclonic separation or filtering of nanoparticles suspended in a gas. A plume of liquid droplets may be generated using an ultrasound or other generator. The gas may be mixed with the plume of liquid droplets, which may have received an electrostatic charge prior to mixing, to promote preferential adhesion of the nanoparticles to the liquid droplets. The gas with suspended nanoparticles and suspended liquid particles may flow through a cyclonic separator that spins rapidly, causing the cleaned gas to flow out of the filter while the liquid with adhered nanoparticles may be discharged, collected, and/or re-used in the plume generator. By causing nanoparticles to adhere to larger liquid particles, the filter may allow the filtering and collection of much smaller particles than current systems may filter under atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A method of reducing the concentration of pollutants in a combustion flue gas having a first temperature is provided. The method includes the step of providing an organic Rankine cycle apparatus utilizing a working fluid and including at least one heat exchanger is arranged in thermal communication with the flue gas. The method further includes the step of reducing the temperature of the flue gas to a second temperature less than the first temperature by vaporizing the working fluid within the heat exchanger utilizing thermal energy derived from the flue gas. The method further includes the step of filtering the flue gas through at least one filter disposed downstream of the heat exchanger to remove pollutants from the flue gas. An associated system configured to reduce the concentration of pollutants in the combustion flue gas is also provided.

Abstract: Carbon dioxide contained within exhaust gas is combined with bivalent metal ions such as calcium ions or the like in concentrated salt water to form precipitated calcium carbonate and then can be expelled out. Such an environmental friendly design is realized by a bottle upside down device with a bottle neck exit on a bottom. A piston inside the device can be elevated to a top portion to produce a near vacuum air pressure inside the device. All the brine, exhaust gas, and oxygen, ozone drawn together into the device can be accelerated to form, at least, precipitated calcium carbonate to reduce carbon dioxide contained within the exhaust gas. Chemical reaction is accelerated by a high voltage discharger below the piston and by flashing a portion of water to atomize the brine. A heater can heat up the near vacuum device to accelerate chemical reaction.

Abstract: A method for reducing biological contamination of indoor air, which method includes providing a concentrated salt solution, which is either (i) a brine capable of responding to aeration thereof by a rapid increase of its Redox potential, wherein the rate of said increase is greater than the rate of increase observed for a 45% (w/w) calcium chloride solution subjected to identical aeration conditions; or (ii) a brine which is passed through an electrolytic cell in order to raise its Redox potential; circulating said concentrated salt solution through a treatment zone; causing a stream of biologically contaminated air to flow through said treatment zone, such that said contaminated air is contacted with said salt solution in said treatment zone; and withdrawing purified air from said treatment zone.

Abstract: Problems associated with deposition of contaminants from air streams in transport ducts in the wood products industry and other sources of such contaminants are at least minimized by close coupling a cyclone separator/scrubber to the source of the air stream.

Abstract: Charged fine particulate water is provided, which has a nanometer particle size, for example, a particle size of 3 to 100 nm, and contains radicals such as hydroxyl radicals and superoxides. This charged fine particulate water can be generated by applying an electric-field intensity of 700 to 1200 V/mm between a pair of electrodes, while supplying water between the electrodes. By allowing the thus obtained charged fine particulate water to diffuse into an indoor space, it is possible to effectively remove bad odor components/bacteria from the indoor space.

Abstract: The device according to the invention includes a drip chamber, which is adapted for connecting to the ordinary water mains, a metal plate and a nozzle that is connected to the drip chamber and disposed above the metal plate and a collecting vessel. The object of the drip chamber is to convert the continuous flow of water from the water mains into discrete drops, thus forming a water reservoir in the bottom of the drip chamber, which is electrically insulated from the water supply while the reservoir still receives a constant new supply of water. Water from the reservoir is passed on to the nozzle and sprayed over the steel plate. An impressed voltage on the nozzle and thereby the water attracts the impurities in the air and these will bind to the water and follow it when the water runs down into a collecting vessel, which is subsequently emptied into the house's drainage system.

Abstract: A method for filtering particle-laden gas includes electrostatically precipitating particles from the particle-laden gas to produce a gas having residual particulates, agglomerating the residual particulates, and using a fabric filter to filter the agglomerated residual particulates from the gas.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing particulate matter from a biomass combustion gas stream, the apparatus having a mist-producing element that mixes a gas stream entering the apparatus with liquid droplets; a Wet Electrostatic Precipitator (WESP) section that includes ionizing electrodes that electrically charge the particulate matter and the intermixed liquid droplets and collecting surfaces under the influence of an electrical field which attract and remove electrically-charged particulate matter and intermixed liquid droplets from the gas stream; and a scrubbing section that provides for additional scrubbing of the gas.

Abstract: An ionizing particulate scrubber is provided for the removal of particulate from a gaseous exhaust stream, said scrubber including two sections: a charging section and a collection section. The charging or ionizing section includes one or more cylindrical tubular ground chambers each with a rigid threaded rod electrode extending through the center thereof. A transformer/rectifier (T/R) is provided to supply high voltage DC power to the electrode such that the cylindrical tubular ground chambers act as the ground to enable a corona to form on the threaded rod electrode. As the gas stream passes through the current flowing from the electrode to the cylindrical tubular ground chambers walls, the particulate contained within the stream is electrostatically charged. The collection system includes either a fixed or fluid bed packed section which is constantly irrigated from above. Ground rods in the packing and liquid sump allow the entire section to act as a grounded collector for the charged particulate.

Abstract: An air filter device for an air exhauster includes at least one static electricity dust-collecting module, at least one water-cleaning module and a casing. The static electricity dust-collecting module is operated to generate static electricity for electrically attracting greasy dirt and dust filled in exhaust air. The water-cleaning module mechanically connects to at least one side of the static electricity dust-collecting module, and includes a plurality of guiding members each forming a longitudinal groove for guiding water in wetting and washing greasy dirt and dust filled in exhaust air.

Abstract: Manganese is added to a combustion fuel, combustion air, or the resulting combustion exhaust gas in order to improve the efficiency of an electrostatic precipitator in collecting the resulting fly ash. Further, manganese or other flame suppressant is added to a fuel, and/or combustion air, or combustion exhaust gas stream in order to reduce back-corona discharge that could otherwise occur in an electrostatic precipitator.

Abstract: A process for purifying exhaust gases using a bubble generation device is disclosed.

Abstract: In an apparatus for the purification of a gas which apparatus comprises three-conduit section, that is,

Abstract: A method and apparatus for ultra-high particulate collection of sub-micron aerosols in a fuel gas conveys the fuel gas to a first venturi scrubber for removing a relatively large amount of particulates and leaving a smaller particulate load which is not removable in the first venturi scrubber. The fuel gas with the smaller particulate load is then conveyed to an electrostatic agglomerator for agglomerating the remaining smaller particles in the smaller particle load into larger particles. The fuel gas with the agglomerated larger particles is then conveyed to a second venturi scrubber for removing the agglomerated larger particles.

Abstract: This invention provides a flue gas treating process for removing sulfur oxides and dust from exhaust gas containing sulfur oxides and dust by using an absorption tower into which an absorbing fluid containing an alkaline agent is sprayed, comprising the steps of equipping the absorption tower with integrally formed dust collection means comprising dust collecting plates and discharge electrodes, and with dust separation means for sweeping off the dust collected by the dust collection means; and treating the exhaust gas in the dust collection means and subsequently cleaning the exhaust gas in the absorption tower, whereby desulfurization and dust removal are effected while sweeping off the collected dust by the dust separation means. Thus, desulfurization and dust removal can be effected in a simple manner, and the capacity of an electrostatic precipitator installed on the upstream side can be reduced.

Abstract: The dust concentration of the flue gas leaving an electrostatic precipitator and introduced into an absorption tower of a desulfurizer is adjusted to a level of 100 to 500 mg/Nm.sup.3. At the same time, a dust slurry having a higher dust concentration is separated and withdrawn from the slurry within the aforesaid absorption tower, and then subjected to a solid-liquid separation treatment. Thus, solid matter containing dust at a high concentration is extracted and discharged out of the system of the desulfurizer.

Abstract: A dust reduction system for reducing airborne contaminants such as, for example, dust, smoke, microorganisms, etc., includes at least one ion generator made up of at least one ionizer bar and a ground plane which is parallel and proximate to at least one bar. The system can also include a dust collection device such as a tray containing an aqueous composition optionally containing a degreaser, and/or a metal sheet with a water rinse system, and/or the surfaces of a room-sized enclosed space. The system can be applied to any enclosed space where it is desired to obtain high efficiency reduction of airborne dust and microorganisms. The system is especially useful in poultry production and processing areas such as hatching cabinets, throwing rooms, and controlled environment poultry rearing rooms.

Abstract: A device and a method for purifying and decontaminating air uses an exchanger of the cyclone type and furthermore employs a combination of the action of cyclonic centrifugation and the action of at least one path enhancing field. A tranquilizing chamber, which is separated from the cyclone exchanger by a vent, maintains a volume of liquid into which particles and droplets are received from the peripheral wall. To this end, particulates are partially electrified before entering the enhancing field.

Abstract: An apparatus for sampling a gas stream and concentrating selected constituents found therein. The apparatus includes a collection chamber into which a gas stream is drawn and a nozzle which sprays charged droplets of a collection fluid countercurrent to the gas stream. The charged droplets, now containing the selected constituents, are propelled to the wall under the influence of an electrostatic force and collected in a collection well at the bottom of the collection chamber. The apparatus can include a cyclonic flow inducer which imparts a circumferential component to the gas stream velocity, thereby enhancing collection efficiency by increasing the residency time of the gas stream within the collection chamber.

Abstract: A method and system for disinfecting air in ventilation ducts, using a non-poisonous and substantially non-volatile disinfectant. The disinfectant is vaporized by micro-vaporizer, and ionization electrodes ionize the air and the disinfectant particles. An ozone sensor is located downstream of the ionization electrodes and emits a signal to a controller, which controls the voltage at the ionization electrode, and thus the production of ozone is controlled.

Abstract: Process for the treatment of the combustion residues and for the purification of the combustion fumes, in which the residues are washed and then rinsed to reduce the leachable fraction both in respect of the trace elements and in respect of the total soluble fraction, with a low consumption of water and of optional reactants.

Abstract: The invention is a method for reduction of sulfur trioxide in flue gases which includes (a) combusting air and petroleum coke in a combustion zone to produce a particulates, sulfur trioxide, and sulfur dioxide-containing combustion product gas; (b) passing the combustion product gas from step (a) to a dry electrostatic precipitator for removal of particulates and recovering the combustion product gas substantially free of particulates, or alternatively rearranging the steps so so that step "b" follows steps "c" and "d"; (c) admixing particulates with the combustion product gas from step (b), to produce a first mixture; (d) passing the first mixture from step (c) to an air preheater for cooling the first mixture and heating the air for combustion with the petroleum coke, wherein the sulfur trioxide in the first mixture condenses on the particulates, to produce a second mixture containing combustion product gas containing sulfur trioxide condensed on particulates and sulfur dioxide; (e) passing the second mixtu

Abstract: An odor control method includes an inlet section of a chamber for spraying waste gas with a suitable reactive chemical agent, for odor removal purposes. An electrostatic precipitator is mounted downstream of the inlet section, within the chamber, for removing chemical residues. The electrical field strength of the electrostatic precipitator is adjustable as needed, to satisfy operating system requirements.

Abstract: A stocker for accommodating, storing or transporting articles in clean, contamination-free conditions for either a long time or temporarily. The stocker has a particle collector provided in a part thereof. The particle collector includes an irradiation source such as ultraviolet light source, and a photoelectron emitting material that emits photoelectrons on irradiation with irradiation energy from the irradiation source. The particle collector further includes an electric field forming electrode, and a charged particle collecting material. The space where the particle collector is provided is preferably partitioned from the other space of the stocker by an irradiation energy screening material.

Abstract: The separation process and apparatus is based on conducting the explosive gas or vapour through a mass transfer column which is charged with an absorbent and filled with an electrically conductive packing. The packing (2) of the mass transfer column (1) must be earthed and have such a dense lattice spacing that no electric charge sufficient for ignition can accumulate at any point in the packing. Under these conditions, a non-conductive electrostatically chargeable liquid may be used as absorption liquid.