Abstract: A process for the purification of a gaseous hydrogen flow containing one or more gaseous impurities from the group consisting of carbon monoxide, water vapor, nitrogen, H2S, chlorine, C1-C3 light alcohols, ammonia, carbon dioxide and linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbons, saturated and unsaturated, C1-C8. The hydrogen flow is placed in contact with a porous carbonated adsorbent having an adsorption limit volume (W0) and an energy parameter of (E0) according to the Dubinin relationship, such that: 0.18 ml.g−1≦W0≦1.50 ml.g−1 and 15 kJ.mole−1≦E0≦45 kJ.mole−1. The porous carbonated adsorbent is selected from active carbons. The gas rich in hydrogen is a reforming gas, an electrolysis gas, a gas from ammonia cracking or from alcohol cracking.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an activated carbon composition that is resistant to oxidation and the activated carbon bed fires that can result from uncontrolled oxidation of the activated carbon bed. The activated carbon composition of the present invention includes from about 0.0001-25 wt. % of an antioxidant and from about 75-99.9999 wt. % activated carbon including any and all other impregnants and moisture. The presence of the antioxidant on the surface of the activated carbon inhibits uncontrolled oxidation and the activated carbon bed fires that can result. A method of removing solvents from a solvent-laden gas is also disclosed. The method includes passing the solvent-laden gas through an activated carbon bed, which contains the activated carbon composition described above.

Abstract: A gas supply system including a gas cabinet defining an enclosure including therein a gas dispensing manifold and one or more adsorbent-based gas storage and dispensing vessels mounted in the enclosure and joined in gas flow communication with the gas dispensing manifold. The enclosure may be maintained under low or negative pressure conditions for enhanced safety in the event of leakage of gas from the gas storage and dispensing vessel(s) in the enclosure. The gas supply system may be coupled to a gas-consuming unit in a semiconductor manufacturing facility, e.g., an ion implanter, an etch chamber, or a chemical vapor deposition reactor.

Abstract: The gas stream containing one or more gaseous impurities from the group formed by carbon dioxide, water vapor, H2S, alcohols, SO2 and C1-C8 saturated or unsaturated, linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbons is brought into contact with several different porous carbon adsorbents, that is to say active carbons having different properties and characteristics. The gas is air, nitrogen, hydrogen produced by the reforming or cracking of ammonia or the combustion gas or fermentation gas.

Abstract: A cleaning agent and a cleaning process for efficiently removing noxious halogen-based gases such as fluorine, chlorine, boron trifluoride, boron trichloride and tungsten hexafluoride from exhaust gases from semiconductor fabrication processes. The cleaning agent is produced by adherently adding alkali metal formate and/or alkaline earth metal formate to activated carbon, or adherently adding alkali metal hydroxide and/or alkaline earth metal hydroxide together with alkali metal formate and/or alkaline earth metal formate to activated carbon. By exposing exhaust gases to the cleaning agent, noxious halogen-based gases in the exhaust gases are efficiently removed with little desorption of halogen-based gases adsorbed on the cleaning agent. Also, the cleaning treatment is further improved in safety and efficiency by a pre-treatment cleaning agent comprising a metal oxide or a metal hydroxide and a post-treatment cleaning agent prepared by adherently adding sodium formate to a metal oxide.

Abstract: Adsorption of mercury on activated carbons derived from scrap tires enables the removal and recovery of mercury from combustion/incineration flue gas, with concurrent control of SO2 and NOx.

Abstract: The present invention refers to a device for high-purity filtering and disinfecting breathing air. The device includes a fine-dust filter and fan arranged on a housing. An elongate air flow tube is also arranged on the housing and is oriented to receive air flow from the housing. A second filter for disinfecting air is included in the elongate air flow tube. Arranged in series in the air flow tube are a third, main filter for removing microorganisms and a fourth, activated carbon filter for removing noxious fumes.

Abstract: A gas accumulator for storing pressurized gases, in particular gaseous fuels such as hydrogen or the like, which gas accumulator has a sealed vessel which is provided with a valve-actuated feed line and outlet line for the pressurized gas and with a solid packing of carbon nanostructures. To increase the storage capacity of a gas accumulator of this type significantly, the particles of the carbon nanostructures are compacted to form larger coherent conglomerates having an apparent density which is increased in comparison with the apparent density of the originally loose particles. The compaction can be carried out, for example, by ordering the carbon nanostructures in their orientation to one another, or else by forming the conglomerates by pressing non-ordered carbon nanostructures.

Abstract: Agglomerates based on active charcoal and on binder exhibit a good resistance to disintegration in a liquid medium as well as an excellent resistance to crushing and an excellent thermostability up to 350° C. They are prepared by mixing active charcoal powder with a pore-protecting agent in gel form and then mixing with a binder, followed by the agglomeration, shaping and curing of the agglomerates obtained. They can be used as adsorption agents for the treatment, for the seperation or the purification of gases, and for the decoloration, purification and deodorization of liquids.

Abstract: An activated carbon catalyst having sulfur dispersed homogeneously thereon, the sulfur being chemically bonded to the activated carbon. A method of making the catalyst involves forming an intimate mixture of a synthetic carbon precursor and a sulfur-containing material, curing the carbon precursor, carbonizing the carbon precursor, activating the carbonized carbon precursor to produce an activated carbon catalyst having sulfur chemically bonded to said activated carbon and uniformly dispersed thereon.

Abstract: An adsorbent and method for making it and its use in removing water from gaseous hydrogen halide. Magnesium halide supported on an activated carbon prepared under vacuum will remove water at 1 to 500 ppm.

Abstract: A sorbent-based gas storage and dispensing system, including a storage and dispensing vessel containing a solid-phase physical sorbent medium having a sorbate gas physically adsorbed thereon. A chemisorbent material is provided in the vessel to chemisorb the impurities for gas phase removal thereof in the storage and dispensing vessel. Desorbed sorbate gas is discharged from the storage and dispensing vessel by a dispensing assembly coupled to the vessel. The chemisorbent may be provided in a capsule including an impurity-permeable, but sorbate gas-impermeable membrane, and installed in the vessel at the time of sorbent material loading. Semiconductor manufacturing processes and products manufactured by such processes are described.

Abstract: Regenerative adsorption of mercury on activated carbons derived from scrap tires enables the removal and recovery of mercury from combustion/incineration flue gas, with concurrent control of SO.sub.2 and NO.sub.x. Flue gas is used for regeneration of the activated carbon, and mercury stripped from the activated carbon is recovered downstream of the regenerator.

Abstract: The present invention is a process for adsorbing carbon dioxide from a carbon dioxide containing gas mixture comprising contacting the gas mixture with an activated carbon adsorbent having a density in the range of approximately 0.56 to 0.61 g/cc (35 to 38 lbs./ft.sup.3) and adsorbing the carbon dioxide on the activated carbon adsorbent.

Abstract: A method for forming a reactive medium for removing homogeneous and heterogeneous impurities from a fluid is provided. The method includes forming a uniform oxide layer, depositing at least one layer of carbon, depositing a precursor metal species, and heating a substrate having the layer including carbon.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for purifying an impure HCl containing at least one saturated or olefinic impurity of the formula C.sub.a H.sub.b Cl.sub.c F.sub.d (wherein a is an integer from 1 to 4, b and c are each integers from 0 to 9, and d is an integer from 1 to 10; provided b+c+d=2a+2 for acyclic compounds and b+c+d=2a for cyclic compounds and olefinic compounds) which comprises the step of contacting the impure HCl with a sorbent for said impurities selected from activated carbons and inorganic molecular sieves (e.g., silicalites and zeolites) at a temperature and a pressure suitable for sorption for a period of time sufficient to remove a substantial amount of said impurities.

Abstract: A process for separating organic compounds, such as solvents, from gases, e.g. waste gases of paint shops. The gases to be treated are conducted in an adsorber over a sorbent which is composed of particulate activated carbon in an oxidic carrier. The charged sorbent is regenerated by passing therethrough, preferably according to the countercurrent principle, a heated regeneration gas, the regeneration gas charged with desorbate is cooled so that organic compounds condense and can then be separated, whereupon the regeneration gas is reheated and reused for the desorption of the charged sorbent. Heating of the regeneration gas as well as cooling of the regeneration gas charged with desorbate are, at least partially, effected by a heat pump. It will be expedient to provide at least two adsorbers which are charged and regenerated alternately. An apparatus for carrying out the process is additionally described.

Abstract: A highly microporous activated carbon is disclosed which is prepared by activation of an active carbon precursor material with a potassium hydroxide solution, pre-drying the blend to below 25% moisture content, activating this blend at from about 650.degree. to about 1100.degree. C., and acid washing and drying the microporous activated carbon product and which is characterized by greater than 50% of its total pore volume comprising pores of from above 8 .ANG. to 20 .ANG. in width and greater than 70% of its total pore volume comprising pores of less than 20 .ANG. in width and greater than 95% of its total pore volume comprising pores of less than 50 .ANG. in width.

Abstract: A filter material from active carbon compacts is prepared by the following steps:(a) mixing active carbon powder with polyvinyl alcohol powder in the ratio of 9:1 to 3:1,(b) mixing the powder from step (a) with distilled water or a mixture of distilled water and ethyl alcohol,(c) shaping tablets and similar articles in a mold under pressure, and(d) successively heating the tablets at1) 40.degree. to 80.degree. C. for 3 to 6 hours,2) 80.degree. to 120.degree. C. for 10 to 14 hours.A filter material according to the invention for the selective separation of organic material from an organic phase consists of active carbon compacts thus prepared and is used for the selective separation of organic and inorganic phases.

Abstract: A biofilter for the removal of contaminants from gas streams disclosed. The biofilter makes use of a series of modular trays, each containing a gas-contacting medium for removing at least one contaminant from the process stream. The trays have a modular design that allows them to be sealingly stacked and to be configured to allow series, parallel or series-parallel flow through the biofilter.

Abstract: A method of desulphurizing flue gases polluted with SO.sub.2 comprising cooling the gases to a temperature of about 0.5 to 20.degree. above the dew point of the gases and flowing the gases through a granular sorbent prepared from a mixture of commercial cement and water.

Abstract: An adsorbent and a process for its use in removing trace oxygen from an inert gas. The adsorbent comprises a porous reducing support such as activated carbon, carbon black, coal, petroleum coke and titania which is impregnated with about 10% to about 90% by weight of an alkali metal oxide or an alkaline earth metal oxide.

Abstract: An activated carbon body having flow-through channels and method of making the body. The method involves combining and shaping channel-forming material and optionally fugitive pore-forming material and non-fugitive support material, and a crosslinkable resin into a green body and curing the resin. The temperature at which the channel-forming material begins to distort is greater than the curing temperature of the resin. The resin is carbonized and at the same time the channel-forming material is vaporized out to form a carbon body having flow through channels in the configuration of the fugitive material. The carbon body is then activated. Among other shapes the channels can be straight, curved or crisscrossed.

Abstract: A combination developer/absorber package for use in a diazo copy machine. The package includes a hollow package body having a vapor permeable top and bottom. A vessel of liquid ammonia is nested inside the interior of the package body and has an opening which is closed by a stopper having two bores formed therethrough. Supply and exhaust tubes extend through the bores and into the vessel for quick connection with the supply and exhaust lines of the diazo copy machine. A quantity of ammonia vapor absorbent material is disposed inside the package body between the vessel of liquid ammonia and the side wall of the container body. The package sits on top of a blower unit operatively associated with the machine so that warmed, ammonia vapor laden air passes through the absorbent material.

Abstract: A window air filtering assembly for repulsive filtering of pollen, dirt and small particulate matter. The air filtering assembly includes a frame assembly and a filtering medium disposed in the frame assembly. The filtering medium is formed from woven, smooth-surfaced microfilament strands having at least 16% of its surface area open.

Abstract: An adsorbent having high adsorption characteristics and high heat conductivity, which comprises a heat conductive sheet and at least one adsorbing sheet provided on at least one surface of the heat conductive sheet in contact therewith and which can perform a removal or supply of a heat through the heat conductive sheet to improve the adsorption or desorption efficiency, and an assembly comprising at least two adsorbents arranged in layers so as to form spaces between the adjacent adsorbents.

Abstract: Improved process for separating ethylsilane from silane by selective adsorption onto an effectively treated carbon bed and method of treatment of such carbon bed to enhance the selective adsorption of ethylsilane.

Abstract: Provided are molded adsorbents comprising a mixture of adsorbent particles, fine plastic particles and a reinforcing fiber, the mixture having been molded utilizing the fine plastic particles and, as required, the reinforcing fiber as binder. They have features, as compared with conventional molded adsorbents utilizing a latex binder, having an adsorptive capacity having been decreased to a smaller extent from those of the raw material adsorbent particles used and higher adsorption rate owing to well-maintained porosity. They have good mechanical properties at normal temperature and can hence be processed by cutting or like machinings into various machine parts, including blades of fans having both adsorptive capacity and high mechanical properties. Also provided are a process for producing the above molded adsorbents and their use as deodorizing units.