Abstract: The various embodiments of the present invention relate generally to sorbent fiber compositions. More particularly, various embodiments of the present invention are directed towards sorbent fibers for pressure swing and temperature swing adsorption processes. Various embodiments of the present invention comprise a sorbent composition, comprising a fiber comprising a plurality of tortuous pathways; and a sorbent material, wherein the sorbent material is in fluid communication with at least a portion of the plurality of tortuous pathways. Aspects of the present invention comprise compositions, devices and methods of using sorbent fiber compositions.

Abstract: An air filter having a low pressure drop and adsorbent capabilities when placed in a fluid stream is disclosed. The air filter contains activated carbon incorporated into a filter media that can be shaped into a fluted configuration. The fluted shape is maintained during operation of the air filter through the use of flow restrictors along the length of the flute. The fluted material can be rolled or stacked.

Abstract: The invention relates to an adsorption filter material with a multilayer construction, particularly with a permeable adsorptive barrier layer composite, preferably for ABC protective clothing, wherein the adsorption filter material has at least a first barrier layer having a plurality of openings and at least a second barrier layer having a plurality of openings, as well as an adsorption layer disposed between the first and second barrier layers, wherein the first and second barrier layers are disposed in such a manner, that the openings and the openings do not overlap and/or do not coincide. The adsorption filter material is very comfortable and, at the same time, offers excellent protection against chemical poisons.

Abstract: A method of adhering a particulate material, such as a hydrocarbon adsorbent material and/or a catalytic material, to a plastic surface, and products comprising the adhered material are disclosed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for reducing emissions due to gaseous decomposition products of an electrolyte of electrochemical storage devices in a motor vehicle, preferably double-layer capacitors with organic solvents as the electrolyte. According to this invention, the gaseous decomposition products are sent to an activated carbon filter and/or a molecular sieve for deposition of at least a portion of the decomposition products and/or a chemically reactive material and/or a catalytically active material for conversion of at least a portion of the decomposition products. In addition, devices for implementing the inventive method are described.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for substantially reducing undesired cumulative effects by preferentially heating the active particles. By preferentially heating the active particles, the active particles are “cleaned” of substances that may reduce or negate particle activity. In addition, preferential heating may reduce active particle adsorption of binder.

Abstract: Guard layers are employed in the adsorbent beds of rapid cycle pressure swing adsorption (RCPSA) devices to protect the adsorbent therein from certain contaminants (e.g. water vapour). Conventional PSA devices typically pack the guard layer with as much guard material as is practical. In RCPSA devices however, the performance of the guard layer can be improved by using a reduced amount of guard material and increasing access to it. Such embodiments are characterized by guard layers with a channel fraction of greater than 50%.

Abstract: Disclosed are sorbent compositions that include a silicon dioxide porous support impregnated with a mixture comprising zinc oxide and copper material. The sorbent compositions may be utilized in systems and methods for removing sulfur compounds from gaseous streams.

Abstract: There is provided a filter for filtering gas or liquid, wherein a constituent material of the filter contains a protein that absorbs iron, radium, or heavy metal (except iron), the constituent material is an iron-containing fiber body 4, the iron-containing fiber body 4 is a fiber body including iron or a fiber body 41 on which iron is supported, and the protein is ferritin or hemosiderin and bound to iron of the iron-containing fiber body 4.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide-absorbing material containing lithium titanate, the lithium titanate comprising 70 mol % or more of Li4TiO4 and 30 mol % or less of Li2TiO3. Furthermore, the carbon dioxide-absorbing material is obtained by the method for producing a carbon dioxide-absorbing material described below. That is, the absorbing material is obtained by the production method which produces the same by mixing given raw materials such that the atomic ratio between lithium and titanium is from 3.5 to 5.0, and subjecting the resulting mixture to heat treatment. The method for absorbing carbon dioxide includes a carbon dioxide absorption step. The apparatus for absorbing carbon dioxide is provided with carbon dioxide absorption means that absorbs carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide-absorbing material.

Abstract: A filter media for removing both chemical contaminates and particulate contaminates. The filter media includes a particulate filtration media layer which includes a fine fiber media. The filter media further includes a chemical filtration media layer.

Abstract: A getter device including a substrate formed of a first getter material having a composition for gettering a first gas species, and a second getter material contacting an external surface of the substrate and having a composition for gettering a second gas species. The substrate has internal porosity connected to openings at its external surface, and the second getter material covers at least a portion of the external surface of the substrate but is absent from at least part of the internal porosity within the substrate so that the first getter material is exposed within the internal porosity for gettering the first gas species. According to a second aspect, a substrate is formed of a material transparent to radiation, and a film of getter material is deposited on the substrate to be sufficiently thin and/or porous so that the film is also transparent to the radiation transmitted through the substrate.

Abstract: By providing a thin-type deodorizing filtering medium which can be mini-pleats-processed, a washing-regenerable filtering medium in which the deodorizing filtering medium and a dust collecting filtering medium are integrated and, further, a low pressure drop/dust collecting deodorizing filter unit which can be subjected to large air volume treatment are provided. A non-crimped single fiber having a specified Young's modulus and a specified fineness is used to prepare a nonwoven fabric sheet having high stiffness, and a gas adsorbing substance is adhered and fixed thereto.

Abstract: Cartridge for the treatment of a gas by reaction with a reactive substance, comprising a cohesive assembly of alveolate cells that are at least partly filled with the reactive substance, the alveolate cells possessing one part of their wall which is permeable to the gas and impermeable to the reactive substance, said wall part being intended to be in contact with the gas.

Abstract: An air cleaner particularly disposed for an internal combustion engine is provided with a housing, a filter element disposed in the housing, and adsorbent disposed on the side of an outlet formed to the housing and adapted to adsorb an evaporated fuel invaded inside the housing through the outlet. The adsorbent includes an adsorbing material adsorbing the evaporated fuel and a pair of non-woven fabrics sandwiching the adsorbent material from both sides thereof, and at least one of the non-woven fabrics disposed on the outlet side includes a reinforcing material so as to be integrated with the non-woven fabric.

Abstract: A apparatus for substantially dehumidifying an insulating annular space (108) is provided. This apparatus includes an insulated surrounding envelope (106), an inner cylindrical device (107) and a partial annular cylinder (100) comprising at least two porous zones. This apparatus positions the partial annular cylinder (100) within the insulating annular space (108) that is formed by the inner cylindrical device (107) positioned within the insulated surrounding envelope (106). This partial annular cylinder (100) holds adsorbent.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for storing hydrogen. One embodiment of such a method comprises providing a storage apparatus having a substrate and a nanostructure mat on at least a portion of a side of the substrate. The nanostructure mat comprises a plurality of nanostructures having a surface ionization state which causes more than one layer of hydrogen to adsorb onto the nanostructures. The method can also include exposing the nanostructure mat to hydrogen such that more than one layer of hydrogen adsorbs onto the nanostructures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to spherical agglomerates based on zeolite(s) and clay(s), having controlled size and morphology, in particular a size of less than or equal to 600 ?m, very good sphericity, high content of zeolitic material, and their production process. These agglomerates are particularly suitable for uses in gaseous and/or liquid-phase adsorption processes.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon adsorption assembly is shown, wherein the hydrocarbon adsorption assembly is disposed in an encapsulating layer adapted to be received by an air filter of an automobile.

Abstract: A system and method for removing sulfur-containing contaminants from indoor air includes a panel system having a first layer and a second layer. The first layer can include a base media onto which sodium bicarbonate is attached. The second layer can include a base media onto which activated carbon is attached. Indoor air including sulfur-containing contaminants can contact and pass through the first layer. Sulfuric acid can react with the sodium bicarbonate to produce sodium sulfate, which can, in turn, act as a drying agent for organic sulfur-containing contaminants in the indoor air, such as carbon disulfide and carbonyl sulfide. As a result of such drying, the second layer can more effectively trap and/or bind (adsorb) the organic sulfur-containing contaminants so that these contaminants are removed from the contaminated air. The treated air can be returned to an indoor space of the structure.

Abstract: An air conditioning system comprising a gas-impermeable wall defining a space for air conditioning, and a selective separating member disposed in the wall as a part of the wall, having a function of allowing preferential permeation of oxygen and carbon dioxide and at the same time, blocking the permeation of hydrocarbon, nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide and a fine solid component, in which the selective separating member comprises an organic polymer and satisfies the relationship of P1/P2>10 wherein P1 is the permeation coefficient of oxygen and carbon dioxide and P2 is the permeation coefficient of hydrocarbon, nitrogen oxide, sulfur oxide and a fine solid component.

Abstract: A desulfurizer includes an outer container having an outer-container inlet and an outer-container outlet, and an inner container that has a desulfurizing section filled with a desulfurizing agent removing an odor component in material, and is removably disposed in the outer container, wherein the inner container has an inner-container inlet communicated to the outer-container inlet, an inner-container outlet communicated to the outer-container outlet, and seal members provided in the inner-container inlet and the inner-container outlet respectively, and when the inner container is disposed in the outer container, each of the seal members is deformed by an effect of each of the outer-container inlet and the outer-container outlet, so that communication is made between the outer-container inlet and the inner-container inlet, and between the inner-container outlet and the outer-container outlet.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to chemical analysis (e.g. by gas chromatography), and in particular to a compact chemical preconcentrator formed on a substrate with a heatable sorptive membrane that can be used to accumulate and concentrate one or more chemical species of interest over time and then rapidly release the concentrated chemical species upon demand for chemical analysis.

Abstract: A system for use in the treatment of contaminated fluid is provided. The system includes a source from which contaminated fluid may be introduced into the system, and a reservoir for an adsorbent material designed to remove contaminants from the fluid. The system also includes a reactor within which the adsorbent material and the contaminated fluid may be accommodated for treatment. A separation device may further be included for removing spent adsorbent materials from the system. A method for treating contaminated fluid is also provided.

Abstract: A vehicle passenger compartment air filter device comprising a filtration medium comprising a nonwoven web of electret charged thermoplastic microfibers as a filter layer, said microfibers having an effective fiber diameter of greater than 10 ?m and comprising a thermoplastic resin having a resistivity greater than 1014 ohm·cm and an additive selected from fluorochemical compounds or oligomers, organic triazine compounds or oligomers, hindered amine compounds, aromatic amine compounds, nitrogen containing hindered phenols, metal containing hindered phenols and mixtures thereof; said web having a basis weight less than 60 g/m2; and a gas adsorption layer comprising an adsorbent particle loaded layer and optionally further comprising a support layer and/or a cover layer bonded to said adsorbent layer; the basis weight of adsorbent particles in gas adsorption layer being at least 150 g/m2; wherein the filter layer is upstream from the gas adsorption layer and wherein the filter layer and gas adsorption layer are

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to a composite hydrogen storage material comprising active material particles and a binder, wherein the binder immobilizes the active material particles sufficient to maintain relative spatial relationships between the active material particles.

Abstract: A carbon nanotube filter. The filter including a filter housing; and chemically active carbon nanotubes within the filter housing, the chemically active carbon nanotubes comprising a chemically active layer formed on carbon nanotubes or comprising chemically reactive groups on sidewalls of the carbon nanotubes; and media containing the chemically active carbon nanotubes.

Abstract: The invention provides methods and apparatuses for removing additional aerosols and in some cases additional particulate matter from a gas stream, wherein a certain portion of such aerosols and particulate matter has already been removed using a primary aerosol and particulate collection device. In some embodiments, the invention includes a method for removing additional aerosols from a gas stream, including passing a gas stream having a plurality of aerosols through a gas duct; removing a first portion of the plurality of the aerosols using a primary aerosol collector; passing the gas steam through a screen; collecting at least a second portion of the plurality of aerosols on the screen; and cleaning a portion of the screen outside of the gas duct. The invention also provides various apparatuses for use in performing the method of the invention.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for reducing or eliminating undesirable air-borne substances, such as odors, bacteria, viruses, fungi, and toxins, are provided. A filter containing nanocrystalline metal oxide or metal hydroxide particles may be installed within an air handling apparatus such as an existing HVAC unit located within a building, and particularly within a home, or a portable air processor or purifier. The air handling apparatus comprises a blower which pulls air containing various undesirable substances from within the enclosed environment and directs it through a filtering device containing the nanocrystalline particles. The undesirable substances are sorbed by the nanocrystalline particles thereby creating a deodorized stream of air that may then be directed back into various portions of the enclosed environment or vented to the atmosphere.

Abstract: As conventional heat exchange modules, adsorptive agents of an inorganic type such as silica gel, zeolite, active alumina, active carbon and molecular sieve have been used. While these adsorptive agents have characteristics of high moisture absorptive ability and easy handling, they have problems of durability, regenerating temperature and generation of bacteria or fungi. An object of the present invention is to solve these problems which are noted in the inorganic adsorptive agents and to provide a heat exchanger module of a energy conservation type having a high heat exchange efficiency and a method for the manufacture thereof. The present invention is a heat exchange module of a sorptive type, characterized in that, a moisture absorptive layer in which a sorptive agent of an organic polymer type comprising organic polymer having hydrophilic polar group and cross-linking structure in a molecule is an essential component, saturated moisture absorbing rates at 20° C.

Abstract: The invention relates to an adsorptive filtering material with biological and chemical protective function, in particular with protective function with regard to both chemical and biological poisons and noxiants, such as chemical and biological warfare agents, the adsorptive filtering material having a multilayered construction comprising a first outer supporting layer and a second outer supporting layer and an adsorptive layer disposed between the two supporting layers, the adsorptive filtering material further comprising at least one catalytically active component, the first outer supporting layer and/or the second outer supporting layer being provided with the catalytically active component. The adsorptive filtering material is particularly useful in NBC protective materials (for example NBC protective apparel) and also for production of filters.

Abstract: A gas separation device is disclosed. In particular, seal assemblies and adsorbent element constructions for a gas separation device such as a pressure swing adsorption device are disclosed. The seal assembly can be part of a rotary valve and can include a seal backer and a floating seal positioned within a bore in the seal backer. The floating seal is configured to press towards and seal against an adjacent rotor. Valve action is provided as apertures in the floating seal and rotor are brought into and then out of alignment as a result of relative rotation therebetween. The seal assembly can include two types of gas chambers to apply balanced sealing pressures over the sealing surface of the valve, one type configured to receive pressurized process gas from within the device and the other configured to receive gas from an independently controlled pressurized gas source.

Abstract: An air induction system hydrocarbon trap is provided. In one example, the hydrocarbon trap includes an adsorber roll including an adsorbing material and a corrugate support, where the corrugate support is rolled with the adsorbing material to form a wound adsorber roll. A trap housing is further provided to retain the adsorber roll. A housing cap may be coupled to the housing.

Abstract: A filter material for removing toxins and/or environmental contaminants from a body of gas, comprising bentonite disposed within a support arranged so as to allow contact between the body of gas and the bentonite.

Abstract: An exposure system for exposing a photoresist layer on a top surface of a wafer to light. The exposure system including: an environment chamber containing a light source, one or more focusing lenses, a mask holder, a slit and a wafer stage, the light source, all aligned to an optical axis, the wafer stage moveable in two different orthogonal directions orthogonal to the optical axis, the mask holder and the slit moveable in one of the two orthogonal directions; a filter in a sidewall of the environment chamber, the filter including: a filter housing containing chemically active carbon nanotubes, the chemically active carbon nanotubes comprising a chemically active layer formed on carbon nanotubes or comprising chemically reactive groups on sidewalls of the carbon nanotubes; and means for forcing air or inert gas first through the filter then into the environment chamber and then out of the environment chamber.

Abstract: Plate systems and methods of using them. The plate systems may be used, for example, for the removal of metallic or semi-metallic contaminants from a fluid stream.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods for concentrating or removing hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) are provided. A biodegradable polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) polymer is provided and the HOC (or a material containing a HOC) is contacted with the PHA. PHA polymers can be used to easily concentrate or remove microcontaminant levels as low as 0.01 ppm of hydrophobic organic compounds without using large solvent volumes. Methods for synthesizing the PHAs are also provided. Methods are further provided for degrading HOCs that have been sequestered from a HOC-contaminated material using isolated bacterial strains or microbes such as Escherichia, Pseudomonas and others. The method comprises contacting at least one isolated bacterial strain (or microbe) to the sequestered HOC for a time sufficient to effect removal of the HOC. The provided methods are advantageous for concentrating HOCs and providing a platform for microbial remediation of these compounds.

Abstract: A process modifies the surface diffusion and wetting characteristics of a microporous material such as active carbon or silica, by applying a plasma of polymer precursor monomers to an external surface of the material to modify its adsorption properties, the microporous material obtainable thereby being modified by presence of a nanolayer of polymeric material extending over said external surface around the pores to partially occlude pore openings to a predetermined extent, but the nanolayer does not substantially infiltrate the pores of the microporous material.

Abstract: An evaporative emissions filter for an engine air induction system. The evaporative emissions filter includes a hydrocarbon vapor-adsorbent member disposed within the air induction system outside the direct air flow path. A mechanism is provided for mounting the evaporative emissions filter within the air induction system. Hydrocarbon vapors present in the air induction system after engine shut-down are substantially retained in the adsorbent member until air flows through the air induction system after the engine starts.

Abstract: An air/liquid exchanger comprising an open-cell foam 102 supporting a liquid sorbent. The exchanger may be used for removing trace gaseous components from the air.

Abstract: The invention concerns a flow turning vane assembly for use in a duct bend portion of a clean air duct of an air induction system for a vehicle engine. The flow turning vane assembly may have a vane support housing, and a hydrocarbon adsorbent vane mounted to the vane support housing. The hydrocarbon adsorbent vane has a curved shape complimentary to the duct bend portion and includes a hydrocarbon adsorbent layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a composite material, a method for controlling the thermal effects generated in a physicochemical process using said material, and applications of the material and the method. The composite material comprises an active solid and a phase change material. The phase change material takes the form of micronodules having an average size of between 1 micron and 5 millimeters and it is selected from materials with a liquid/solid phase change temperature of between ?150° C. and 900° C. The active solid is selected from solids that can be used in a method involving reversible physicochemical processes that are exothermic in one direction and endothermic in the opposite direction.

Abstract: The present invention includes a canister having a housing for receiving therein an adsorption material and a heat storage material. The adsorption material can adsorb a fuel vapor. The heat storage material can absorb and dissipate a heat in response to change in temperature within the housing. The heat storage material includes a plurality of heat storage granules each having a cover layer made of an alcohol resistance material.

Abstract: A selectively permeable membrane type reactor including a catalyst for promoting a chemical reaction, a selectively permeable membrane which selectively allows a specific component to pass therethrough, and a carrier for disposing the catalyst and the selectively permeable membrane the carrier being a tubular body having two or more gas passage cells partitioned and formed by a partition wall formed of a porous body, the catalyst being individually disposed in some of the cells of the carrier, the selectively permeable membrane being individually disposed in the remainder of the cells, and the cell in which the catalyst is disposed and the cell in which the selectively permeable membrane is disposed being adjacently disposed with the partition wall positioned therebetween.

Abstract: A pleatable filter structure for use in a filter panel, containing ion exchange particles distributed within a fibrous framework is expanded to contain enough space to allow the ion exchange particles to swell or to be in a swelled state as compared to dry ion exchange particles, without additional expansion of the filter structure. A method of manufacturing the filter structure involves subjecting the filter structure to a moisture treatment in which it is exposed to a humid or water containing environment, whereby the ion exchange particles swell and cause a permanent expansion of the filter structure.

Abstract: A nitric oxide delivery system, which includes a gas bottle having nitrogen dioxide in air, converts nitrogen dioxide to nitric oxide and employs a surface-active material, such as silica gel, coated with an aqueous solution of antioxidant, such as ascorbic acid. A nitric oxide delivery system may be used to generate therapeutic gas including nitric oxide for use in delivering the therapeutic gas to a mammal.

Abstract: An oxygen concentrating device easy to assemble and able to reduce production costs. The oxygen concentrating device (101) comprises a plurality of components including an adsorbing column (102) storing adsorbent capable of selectively adsorbing nitrogen contained in material air, a storing tank (103) for temporarily storing concentrated oxygen gas generated in the adsorbing column (102), a gas transferring means (104) for transferring material air, concentrated oxygen gas or exhaust gas, a solenoid valve (106) for opening/closing or switching a gas flow path connected to the adsorbing column (102), and a control means (108) for controlling the gas transferring means and/or the solenoid valve, resin supports (109) for positioning and supporting the plurality of components at predetermined locations, and a plurality of resin covers (110) covering the outer sides of the supports (109), the supports (109) being formed by injection molding.

Abstract: A water vapor adsorption and water retaining composition containing particulate calcium chloride and cellulose fiber in a flexible container having a side of spun-bonded polyethylene heat sealed to a side of extrusion coated polyethylene on polyester. The foregoing composition can also contain clay.

Abstract: A filter material for generating oxygen and/or hydrogen gas from a source having a porous boron doped carbon film with diRuthenium/diRuthenium molecules in direct contact with the porous boron doped carbon film, a synthetic film having at least one zeolite crystalline body in direct contact with the nanocarbon tubules, or both in a continuous alternating arrangement.

Abstract: A semiconductor manufacturing process facility requiring use therein of air exhaust for its operation, such facility including clean room and gray room components, with the clean room having at least one semiconductor manufacturing tool therein, and wherein air exhaust is flowed through a region of the clean room. The facility includes an air exhaust treatment apparatus arranged to (i) receive air exhaust after flow thereof through said region of said clean room, (ii) produce a treated air exhaust, and (iii) recirculate the treated air exhaust to an ambient air environment in the facility, e.g., to the gray room of the facility.