Abstract: A device for separating oil includes a blow-by gas passage provided to a head cover to discharge blow-by gas introduced from an engine and a separator coupled to the blow-by gas passage to separate oil from the blow-by gas. The device for separating oil from blow-by gases can effectively separate oil from the blow-by gas. Since the blow-by gas passage for discharging the blow-by gas is provided to the head cover, a hose or a pipe is not required to carry the blow-by gas, and thereby the engine can be designed to be compact.

Abstract: In an air filter housing (100) for an air filter element (2) with at least one housing bottom part (10) into which the air filter element (2) can be inserted completely or with a substantial portion of its length and a cover element (20) to be connected to the housing bottom part (10), on the housing bottom part (10) and on the cover element (20) at least one connector socket (14, 15) for connection to a hose conduit is provided, respectively. The connector socket for the side of the air filter element facing the cover element (20) is designed as a deflecting connector socket (14) that extends at least partially outside of the cross-sectional area covered by the air filter element (2) and that is connected to the housing bottom part (10).

Abstract: Engine-driven power generator includes: a power generation section having a drive shaft connected to a crankshaft; a gas-liquid separation unit provided upstream of the power generation section and having an air inlet port for taking in cooling air, the inlet port being disposed immediately under a fuel tank, the separation unit separating moisture from the taken-in air; and a cooling fan rotatable by the drive shaft to direct the taken-in air into the power generation section.

Abstract: The invention relates to a blow-by gas recirculation system for an internal combustion engine. An oil separation cover 10 has a surge-tank mounting portion 400 integrally formed therewith in a columnar shape having a cam-shaped cross-section and a height approximately equal to that of an oil separation space OS. The surge-tank mounting portion 400 has a flat upper surface serving as a mounting seat surface 401 capable of coming into surface contact with an attaching seat surface 7a of a surge tank 7. A first opening 403 of a gas passage from a chamber 300 is opened in a vicinity of an opening of a support through-hole 402 on the mounting seat surface 401.

Abstract: A liquid separator for separating liquids from gases, having a pressure chamber and a suction chamber which are disposed in the gasflow in front of or behind a separation element is provided. The separator also may have a first siphon disposed in the suction chamber for drainage of the separated liquid, and a second siphon being disposed in the suction chamber, the barrier pressure of which is higher than the barrier pressure of the first siphon.

Abstract: In combination with a toilet tank of a toilet in a bathroom, the improvement comprising a dehumidifier having a predetermined shape for one of being wall mounted or disposed on a top of such toilet tank. A humidity sensor is disposed one of on and in the dehumidifier for sensing humidity in such bathroom. A tray member is disposed one of on and in the dehumidifier for collecting water removed from air by such dehumidifier. A flexible member is engageable on a first end thereof with the tray member for removing and transporting such water collected by the dehumidifier and for disposing such water into the toilet tank. There is, also, a power member engageable with the dehumidifier and the humidity sensor for providing electrical power to such apparatus.

Abstract: Systems and methods for producing ozonated water on demand. In particular, these systems comprise a water source, an ozone source, and a nozzle that mixes ozone and water to form a highly concentrated, ozonated water solution. Instead of requiring the ozonated water to be re-circulated to achieve a desired ozone concentration, the nozzle is configured to form the ozonated water solution in a single pass through the nozzle. Additionally, instead of requiring the ozonated water to be discharged into a pressurized tank to increase ozone absorption, the nozzle allows the ozonated water to be openly discharge. In some cases, the nozzle comprises a venturi with multiple ozone inlets to increase mixing. Additionally, in some cases the nozzle comprises a single pass mixing mechanism that mixes the water and ozone to form the high concentrate, ozonated water solution in a single pass through the nozzle.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method and an apparatus for purifying combustion gases, especially combustion gases exhausted from maritime diesel engines and combustion gases produced by power plants situated near the seaside, of impurities contained in the combustion gases. The apparatus comprises a scrubber device (10) for scrubbing the combustion gases and a droplet separator device (20) for separating scrubbing liquid droplets from the outflowing purified combustion gas flow (D). The scrubber device (10) comprises an inflow duct (13) for conveying an overpressurised combustion gas flow (A) containing impurities into the scrubber device (10) and means (16,17,18) for passing seawater used as scrubbing liquid into the scrubber device (10). At least the scrubbing liquid flowing out of the scrubber device (10) has been fitted to flow into the flotation device (30) for the separation of soot particles, oil and other possible solid impurity particles contained in the scrubbing liquid from the scrubbing liquid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for treating a gas/liquid mixture, comprising: an inlet opening for the mixture; an outlet for the mixture located downstream; rotating means arranged in the tube for setting the mixture into rotating movement; one or more outlet openings arranged downstream relative to the rotating means for allowing a part of the mixture to flow laterally out of the tube; a return conduit arranged in axial direction through the rotating means for reintroducing into the tube the flow which has exited via the outlet openings; and divergence means arranged close to the outlet opening of the return conduit for allowing the reintroduced flow to diverge laterally.

Abstract: Novel gas separation apparatus and methods are provided that help reduce the amount of process gas lost through the discharge outlet of either a cyclone separating gas/solid mixtures or a hydroclone separating gas/liquid mixtures. Significant savings are realized by minimizing losses and neutralization costs. A cyclone or hydroclone is placed within a containment vessel that creates a contained atmosphere common to both the gas outlet and the discharge outlet of the cyclone or hydroclone. Process gas mixed with the solids or mixed with the liquids in the discharge underflow are displaced from the discharge underflow and contained within the containment vessel. The displacement of the process gas is facilitated by an introduction of a small amount of purge gas to the discharge underflow exiting the cyclone or hydroclone via the discharge outlet.

Abstract: An improved accumulator is disclosed, which includes a body having an empty space therein; an inlet tube inserted into the inside of the body from a top thereof, downwardly, for an inflow of a refrigerant to the inside of the body; an outlet tube inserted into the inside of the body from a bottom thereof, upwardly, for a discharge of the refrigerant to the outside of the body; and an isolating plate provided on an inner bottom of the body between the inlet tube and the outlet tube, for preventing the outlet tube from being splashed with the liquid phase refrigerant, and preventing the liquid phase refrigerant from flowing into the outlet tube.

Abstract: A method of continuously capturing BioOil and its constituents from a gas stream produced in a fast pyrolysis/thermolysis process, in a usable liquid form so as to produce a non-condensable gas free of fouling contaminates. The method includes separating BioOil and its constituents from a gas stream using hot inertial separation to maintain the temperature of said BioOil and its constituents above a temperature at which the thick and/or sticky constituents cause inefficient operation of the equipment but low enough so that they do not undergo rapid degradation. Next the gas velocity is reduced to a temperature sufficiently low to allow droplets in the gas stream to settle out but high enough so that a viscosity of said droplets remains low enough to avoid inefficient operation of the separation equipment. Finally, liquid is condensed out of the gas stream.

Abstract: A device for diverting liquid from a pipeline is described having a first conduit; a second conduit connected to the first conduit at at least a first location and a second location; with the second conduit having a first section to collect diverted liquid and a second elongated section adapted to contain at least parts of the diverted liquid with a hydrostatic head or level reactive to a pressure drop between the first and second location thus controlling flow of liquid from the first conduit through the second conduit by balancing the pressure drop with the hydrostatic head or level.

Abstract: A vapor-liquid separator includes an outer tube, an introduction tube, a delivery tube, and a discharge tube. The introduction tube allows passage of a vapor-liquid two-phase fluid in a swirling state. The delivery tube allows passage of the vapor phase separated from the vapor-liquid two-phase fluid. The introduction tube and the delivery tube are coaxially provided at the corresponding axially opposite ends of the outer tube. The discharge tube is provided on the outer tube in the vicinity of the axial end face of the outer tube on the side toward the introduction tube. The discharge tube is adapted to discharge therefrom the liquid phase separated from the vapor-liquid two-phase fluid. An outlet of the introduction tube and a delivery port of the delivery tube are located axially inside the outer tube by respectively predetermined axial distances while facing each other with a predetermined axial distance therebetween.

Abstract: An accumulator having a heater therein and an air conditioning system using the same is disclosed, in which the accumulator includes a body having an empty space therein; an inlet tube inserted into the inside of the body through a predetermined external point, for an inflow of a refrigerant to the inside of the body; an outlet tube inserted into the inside of the body from a predetermined external point, for a discharge of the refrigerant to the outside of the body; and at least one heater provided in the inside of the body, for heating the flowing refrigerant.

Abstract: In the production of water vapor, particularly in the production of especially clean water vapor, dissolved gases, mainly atmospheric gases, are removed from feed water (2). The feed water is sprayed by a spray nozzle (3) mounted in a hemispherical chamber (1) in a spray pattern which matches an area of an upper end (4) of an arrangement of vertical feed tubes of a falling film evaporator. The dissolved gases are liberated quickly from the sprayed droplets and removed through outlets (5) in the hemispherical chamber. The sprayed droplets collect at the upper ends of the vertical evaporation channels and are distributed evenly thereamong before atmospheric gases can be redissolved.

Abstract: A condensation panel to be used for harvesting water from atmospheric moisture during those times of the diurnal cycle when relative humidity is at or near 100% utilizes very localized cooling to optimize condensation on a surface whose materials promote the condensation and collection of the water. The panel is passive in the sense that it can be deployed and left in an unmaintained condition for considerable periods of time. At least one time each day, almost certainly in the morning, water harvested by the process of assisted condensation can be collected for use.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing volatile contaminants, such as methyl tertbutyl ether (MTBE), from water or other supplies of liquid. In one embodiment of the invention, a gas is sparged through a helical flow of liquid to strip away contaminants. The flowrate of the helical flow of liquid and the flowrate of the gas are held at an optimum ratio to maintain flow stability and maximize stripping efficiency. In another embodiment of the invention, the liquid is processed through a series of stripping stages until volatile contaminants are stripped to a desired level. A portion of the liquid is recycled within each stage, while a system flow of liquid passed from one stage to the next. The flowrate of the recycled flow and the flowrate of the system flow have a ratio that provides improved system capacity while ensuring proper volatile removal.

Abstract: A pneumatic brake force producing device for a vehicle comprising: a heat storing container; at least one intake device in the container for taking in surrounding air, the intake device having a condenser for condensing humidity out of the surrounding air, the condenser including at least one pope feeding the intake air the brake force producing device, and at least portions of the at least one pipe ore arranged in a cooler zone of the container which is cooler in a regular driving operation of the vehicle than air-guiding parts of the brake force producing device.

Abstract: Oil which has been heated by use in a gas compressor is cooled by transferring the heat from the oil to gas upstream from the compressor. Specifically, the hot oil and gas leaving the compressor are separated by feeding the oil-gas mixture along a tangent of a cylindrical chamber. The oil drops through holes in the bottom of the chamber into a upper reservoir. The oil flows from the upper reservoir into a tube which extends through a heat exchange having cold natural gas outside the tube. The oil flows from the tube into a lower reservoir and from there into the compressor.

Abstract: The present invention is a system 100 for removing particulate matter and aerosols from a gas stream generated by gasification prior to the gas stream being used as fuel in an internal combustion device or as synthesis gas for subsequent processing. The present invention consists of removing excess ash by passing the gas stream through a high temperature cyclone separator 102, cooling the gas stream, oil scrubbing the gas to further cool it and to remove particulates and some tars, passing the gas stream through one or more vortex chambers 28 to remove additional tars, passing the gas stream through a heat exchanger 104 to cool the gas, and finally passing the gas stream through a demister 106 to remove aerosols from the gas.

Abstract: A compact vortex-stream gas-liquid separator, and a gas-liquid separation system employing it, offers high gas-liquid separation performance with minimal pressure loss. A substantially cylindrical casing (10) is arranged with its axis lying horizontally. The casing has a fluid passage (1) formed therein, has a fluid inlet (2) provided at one end, and has a gas outlet (3) and a liquid outlet (4) provided at the other end so as to constitute as a whole a vortex-stream gas-liquid separator (9). The fluid inlet is arranged along a line tangential to the casing so that the gas-liquid two-phase fluid passes through the fluid passage in the form of a vortex stream. The gas outlet is arranged so as to be coaxial with the casing. This vortex-stream gas-liquid separator and the gas-liquid separation system (30) employing it are used in a clothes dryer or air conditioner to remove water droplets from air.

Abstract: Provided is a novel system for vaporizing and purifying a gas to produce ultrapure chemical gases employed at a semiconductor processing facility. The system includes a liquified gas source, a vaporization purification bed, and a buffer tank. The liquefied gas source is in communication with the vaporization purification bed to provide a liquefied gas to the bed with an ultra-pure chemical gas generated in the purification bed. The purified gas is subsequently routed to a buffer tank and to a point of use therefrom.

Abstract: A monolithic hygroscopic material shaped to facilitate a circulation flow of ambient air. The hygroscopic material may be used to remove various compounds from an ambient gas and may be reactivated to restore its drying capacity. The tendency of the material to seek equilibrium may be utilized to achieve dehumidification or humidification.

Abstract: A trailer air dryer is provided to minimize contamination, leakage or freeze-up of the valves used in a pneumatic braking and suspension system caused by moisture or foreign particles in the system. A bypass assembly is provided to ensure normal brake operation should the filters or drying material/desiccant become plugged. In one embodiment, an audible signal or warning is provided to the operator indicating need for servicing the trailer air dryer.

Abstract: A filter for coalescing water and removing odor from air includes a water coalescing layer made of a synthetic fiber and an odor removal layer including an adsorbent material that operatively interfaces the coalescing layer. The coalescing and removal layers are shaped to receive and expel the air. Both layers can be supported by a frame and/or an outer support layer of polyester material.

Abstract: A hygroscopic material having at least one passageway or channel therethrough. In a dehumidifier embodiment, the material is shaped to provide a surface area to facilitate gas flow, and drying of an ambient gas by creating a chimney effect which facilitates mixing of the gas. This causes the heavier water vapor or other compound containing gas to contact adsorbent material adjacent to the passageway or channel, adsorb at least some of the compound, and cause the lighter gas to exit the passageway or channel. The dehumidifier may have various shapes and sizes and can be reactivated to restore its drying capacity. When utilized as a humidifier, the material desorbs or adds the constituent (such as water vapor) to the gas and a downdraft rather than a chimney effect is achieved.

Abstract: A motion insensitive phase separator for separating oilfield production fluid phases includes a tank having a pair of opposing inlets and three generally centrally arranged outlets for different phases of a production fluid mixture fed into the tank simultaneously through the inlets. Separation media is disposed in the tank for separating the different phases of the production fluid, The separation media include antifoam media at opposite ends of the tank and further includes demisting media proximately to the median plane, on opposite sides thereof. Flow regulators, such as perforated plates, are disposed substantially vertically in the tank between the antifoam media and the demisting media. The separation media and the flow regulators are disposed generally symmetrically about a central transverse plane, thereby providing for a symmetrical flow and weight distribution for motion insensitivity.

Abstract: A process of separating water from ambient air involves a liquid desiccant to first withdraw water from air and treatment of the liquid desiccant to produce water and regenerated desiccant. Water lean air is released to the atmosphere. Heat generated in the process is recycled. The drying capacity, or volume of water produced, of the system for a given energy input is favored over the production of dried air.

Abstract: A centrifugal separator comprising a separation barrel with an upper end, a lower end, a central axis, and an internal circularly cylindrical axially extending wall forming a separation chamber, a collection chamber adjacent to the lower end, a spin plate extending across the separation chamber adjacent to the lower end, a solids slot adjacent to the lower end fluidly interconnecting the collection chamber and separation chamber, a closure containing the upper end having a centrally located exit port, an acceptance chamber wall surrounding the separation barrel adjacent to the upper end to form an annular acceptance chamber between the separation barrel and the acceptance chamber wall, a supply nozzle tangentially entering the annular acceptance chamber and forming a circular flow therein, and a plurality of radially spaced apart axially-extending slots passing through the wall of the separation barrel fluidly interconnecting the annular acceptance chamber and the separation chamber, entering the separation c

Abstract: In a centrifugal separator for separating a liquid from a compressed gas, a baffle is provided to separate the centrifugal chamber into an upper sub-chamber and a lower sub-chamber but does not contact the walls of the chamber thereby being insufficient to prevent downward flow of separated liquid along the interior wall of the two sub-chambers, and insufficient to prevent flow of compressed gas from one sub-chamber to the other sub-chamber, the baffle nevertheless being sufficient to prevent turbulent gas flow in the lower sub-chamber when collected liquid is drained therefrom.

Abstract: Tray designs for use in a separation column for distilling or fractionating a feed stream are provided that incorporate co-current contact of the liquid and vapor streams and their subsequent separation on each tray. In one embodiment, located on the trays are a plurality of co-current vapor and liquid contacting sections including a volume of the tray in which vapors and liquid can be in co-current contact. Also located on the trays are a plurality of de-entrainment devices for separating entrained liquids from a vapor stream, the de-entrainment devices having an inner and an outer side, the inner side being adjacent to the co-current contacting sections.

Abstract: De-entrainment devices are provided for separating an entrained liquid from a vapor stream exiting a flash zone in a separation column. Methods for utilizing the de-entrainment devices are also provided. In one embodiment, the de-entrainment device of the present invention is embodied in a de-entrainment tray that has a tray deck and a plurality of risers extending vertically up from the tray deck. The risers are provided with devices for imparting rotational movement to the fluid stream, which have the vapor stream and entrained liquid, entering the riser. The rotational movement imparted to the fluid stream causes the liquid to separate from the vapor stream and to flow upward along the riser walls. The de-entrained liquid is then transported from above the separation tray back into the flash zone by way of a liquid downcomer. The vapor stream separates from the liquid within the riser and flows out of the riser upward through the column.

Abstract: In a mist recovering apparatus for recovering a mist contained in a gas, provided with a filter having pores of pore size increasing from a gas inlet side toward a gas outlet side, the gas containing the mist is passed from the gas inlet side of the filter, through the filter toward the gas outlet side of the filter. The mist is trapped by the filter and grows into droplets as the gas containing the mist flows through the filter, and the droplets drip down along the gas outlet surface of the filter and are collected under the filter.

Abstract: A tray design for use in a separation column for distilling or fractionating a feed stream is provided that incorporates co-current contact of the liquid and vapor streams and their subsequent separation on each tray. Located on the trays are a plurality of co-current vapor and liquid contacting sections including a volume of the tray in which vapors and liquid can be in co-current contact. Also located on the trays are a plurality of de-entrainment devices for separating entrained liquids from a vapor stream, the de-entrainment devices having an inner and an outer side, the inner side being adjacent to the co-current contacting sections. The tray design further incorporates a plurality of liquid downcomers, having an upper portion and a lower portion, where the upper portion.

Abstract: Oil separator rotor located in an enclosure provided with an oil reinjection system for lubricating a bearing. The oil separator rotor, which dries the excess air passing out of the enclosure, acts by aiding the deposition of suspended oil on the walls of a lining or packing of the rotor. The lining is a honeycomb material cartridge offering easy separation without excessive pressure losses. The rotor is assembled by bolts, which interconnect the end plates traversing the lining.

Abstract: An improved, membrane-based method of treating gas evolved during natural gas liquids (NGL) stabilization, to separate the very light hydrocarbon gases, methane in particular, from the heavier hydrocarbons. The membrane acts as a demethanizer and establishes a vapor/liquid equilibrium during phase separation that is different than would otherwise obtain. This can increase NGL production and reduce the weight of C.sub.3+ hydrocarbons in the off-gas from the stabilizing phase separators.

Abstract: A porous coalescing filter element of conical configuration is disposed within a substantially cylindrical filter housing such that the area between the element and the wall increases in the direction of the primary phase flow to keep the annular velocity substantially constant or decreasing in the direction of primary fluid flow. The element may be manufactured with a round end and tapered walls terminating to a pointed apex, but is more preferably manufactured and secured within the filter housing using flat end caps on both ends. The filter element may be vacuum formed, or manufactured from media in a flat sheet form, which may be pleated if desired.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods useful for degassing a reaction mixture in a petrochemical processing reactor are disclosed. The methods and apparatus employ a novel liquid-gas separator that includes non-linear risers and that discharges the mixture into a vapor space in a manner intended to maximize degassing of the mixture. Resid hydrotreating processes employing these methods also are disclosed.

Abstract: A water deaeration system has a pump in a supply pipe supplying water to a deaeration vessel. A recirculation pipe interconnecting a heat exchanger between the discharge side and the suction side of the supply pump heats a recirculated portion of the water flowing to the deaeration vessel. A vacuum pump having its suction side connected with the deaeration vessel and its discharge side connected to an air-water separator evacuates the air dissolved in the water and the separator then separates seal water and entrained water from the evacuated air. The vacuum pump has a water seal which is supplied by the separated water in the separator by a seal water pipe connected between the separator and the water seal via the hot side of the recirculation seal water heat exchanger. Heat energy introduced into the seal water by the vacuum pump is transferred to the supply water flowing to the deaeration vessel to be deaerated in order to more efficiently strip the air.

Abstract: The present invention is a device that can obtain fresh water from fog. The fog water collecting device comprises a vertical shaft, windmill elements for producing rotational force from wind, a cylindrical rotating structure supported so as to rotate about the vertical shaft, a water collecting vessel secured at the bottom of this rotating structure, a plurality of flexible rods one end of each is fixed at the upper portion of the rotating structure and the other end of each is directed toward the water collecting vessel and, a receiving conduit for obtaining water collected in the water collecting vessel. When the rotating structure turns from fog containing wind, water droplets sequentially adhere and accumulate on the flexible rods, then collect in the water collecting vessel, and are subsequently directed toward an external destination via the conduit.