Abstract: An apparatus for treating water with ozone includes a first conduit and a passageway for admitting ozone into the first conduit. There is a second conduit having a top, an inlet connected to the first conduit and an outlet. There is a third conduit having a top and a vertical portion extending downwardly adjacent to the outlet of the second conduit. The third conduit has a bottom with an outlet below the outlet of the second conduit. The outlet of the second conduit is no more than one-third the distance from the top of the third conduit to the outlet of the third conduit. There is a passageway connecting the third conduit to the first conduit above the outlet of the second conduit. The passageway is sized to permit a reduced flow of water through the third conduit compared to the flow through the second conduit and provides means for gas discharged from the outlet of the second conduit to rise through the vertical portion of the third conduit to increase dissolving of the gas in the water.

Abstract: A device for removing entrained air or gas from fluids includes a first chamber having a fluid inlet and an outlet, a second chamber, adjacent said first chamber, having a plurality of channels, a porous barrier separating the first chamber and the second chamber and a vent in fluid communication with the second chamber. The inlet is connected to the first chamber through at least one fluid passage. Fluid flows from the inlet, through the passage, and into the first chamber. A fluid dead zone adjacent the barrier assists an air or gas bubble to coalesce and pass through the barrier into the second chamber. The plurality of channels within the second chamber collect the air or gas and direct it to the vent in communication with the channels. A clip, or similar device, may be used to secure the device to medical equipment adjacent the patient or fluid source.

Abstract: A water treatment apparatus for treating ozone with water is disclosed. The water treatment reservoir has a bottom, a fill line, a head space for receiving off gas provided above the fill line and a passageway for conveying off gas from the head space to an off gas venting outlet and for removing water which is above the fill from the water treatment reservoir.

Abstract: An air trap comprises an air reservoir (2) to be arranged in a liquid circulation line, and a hydrophilic filter (3) which permits a liquid to permeate but does not permit gas bubbles to permeate and which is arranged in the air reservoir to separate an upstream side of the liquid circulation line from the downstream side of the liquid circulation line.

Abstract: A gas arrestor separates entrained gas from a liquid medium. The gas arrestor is a porous member, such as a woven mesh screen having pores of a size sufficiently small to enable liquid transport while inhibiting gas transport. Since the trapped gas has a tendency to accumulate on the porous member impeding continued liquid flow, a wick extends in an upstream direction from the porous member. When used in spacecraft to provide substantially gas-free liquid to a thruster, the gas arrestor is located between a tank of pressurized liquid propellant and a gas generator. Improved results are obtained by locating the gas arrestor between a pressure reducing liquid fluid resistor and the gas generator.

Abstract: Nitrogen gas is blown into a developing solution tank, and a developing solution is supplied through a supply nozzle to the surface of a wafer, through a filter unit or the like, with the pressure. The filter unit has a ring-shaped flow path flowing from down upward, an impurity filter provided on the inside thereof, an exhaust passage connected to an uppermost portion of the flow path, and a bubble filter composed of, for example, a hollow fiber membrane, which is provided to block a part of the exhaust passage and has the property of transmitting gas without transmitting liquid. The dissolved nitrogen contained in the developing solution is changed to bubbles by vaporizing in the flow path, and only the bubbles can be removed from the developing solution since the aforesaid bubble filter selectively transmits these bubbles whereby the amount of the developing solution can be saved.

Abstract: A method of decreasing the amount of cosmetic defects in contact lenses made from hydrophilic and hydrophobic monomers. By filtering the monomer mixture with a filter, the hydrophilic and hydrophobic components are finely dispersed throughout the mixture. Dissolved gases contained within the mixture are also finely dispersed. Contact lenses produced from this method have improved optical quality.

Abstract: An arrangement in a circulation lubrication system includes a lubricating oil tank, pressure pipe lines for supplying oil to parts that are to be lubricated, return pipe lines for returning the oil from the parts that are to be lubricated to the oil tank, and a mechanism for pumping oil into the pressure pipe lines and maintaining a desired state of lubrication. The lubricating oil tank has a rotationally symmetric structure; and a return duct, positioned at the center axis of the rotationally symmetric structure, is configured to extend below the surface of the oil in the lubricating oil tank. A return flow through the return duct passes through a dividing element to a mechanism configured to separate impurities from the oil.

Abstract: A gas arrestor separates entrained gas from a liquid medium. The gas arrestor is a porous member, such as a woven mesh screen having pores of a size sufficiently small to enable liquid transport while inhibiting gas transport. Since the trapped gas has a tendency to accumulate on the porous member impeding continued liquid flow, a wick extends in an upstream direction from the porous member. When used in spacecraft to provide substantially gas-free liquid to a thruster, the gas arrestor is located between a tank of pressurized liquid propellant and a gas generator. Improved results are obtained by locating the gas arrestor between a pressure reducing liquid fluid resistor and the gas generator.

Abstract: An air bubble purging system for filters include a venturi valve in the drain line of the filter. The venturi valve is connected to a high pressure source line so that when a high rate of flow is produced in the high pressure source line, a venturi effect is created in the venturi valve to open the venturi valve and produce a vacuum in the drain line so that air bubbles are attracted into the drain line and purged.

Abstract: An apparatus for filtering and degassing body fluid has two filter chambers, separated from one another by a filter medium. The first filter chamber is connected to an inflow connector, and the second filter chamber to an outflow connector. An aeration and venting device common to the two filter chambers which is connectable selectably and separately to the first or the second filter chamber.

Abstract: A bubble trap having a cylindrically symmetrical chamber, a filter covering an outlet and offset from the axis of the chamber, an inlet with a plurality of vertically aligned orifices, the orifices arranged to produce circumferential flow within the chamber. Bubbles in the liquid coalesce on the filter and are removed. A method of removing bubbles is also disclosed.

Abstract: The separator (1) has a tubular inlet opening (2) and two tubular outlet openings (3, 4) which are connected with one another in a flow-carrying manner. A separating device (6) is disposed in the flow direction (5) between the inlet opening (2) and the outlet openings (3, 4). One of the outlet openings (3) carries substantially only separated liquid and the other outlet opening (4) carries substantially only gas freed of liquid. An outer tube (7) surrounds an inner tube (8) with an all-around space between them. The inner tube (8) is connected at one end to the inlet opening (2) in a flow-carrying manner, and at the other end is associated with the outlet opening (3) for the separated liquid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a system for the conduction of liquid media, for example fuels, between a tank and a delivery point, especially fuel consumption measuring systems or fuel conditioning systems, which includes a bubble-separating arrangement, as well as a filter element for use in such a system. For the simple and effective detection and separation of bubbles and further contaminations of every type in the particular liquid medium and, if necessary, the further development for additional simple and rapid determination of their volumes and therewith consideration in possible measurements, it is provided that the bubble-separating arrangement is formed by a filtering device and in the filtering device the connection for the liquid medium is arranged in a zone outside the filtering element.

Abstract: A mechanical wet air generator which is constructed by an inner container, an outer container, a fluid level controller and a multiplicity of Rashing rings filled in the inner container is provided. In the wet air generator, the inner container is formed of honeycomb panels such that large bubbles cannot go through and furthermore, the multiplicity of Rashing rings functions as bubble-breaking solid shapes further prevents large bubbles from exiting the wet air generator and insuring the proper functioning of the generator. The present invention novel mechanical wet air generator is provided with a fluid level controller which consists of a floater, a floating valve, and a linkage connecting thereinbetween. The novel fluid level controller effectively prevents any possibility of overflow of fluid, or water, into a slurry supply pipe to which the wet air generator supplies a wet air or wet N2 for transporting and for blanketing the slurry solution.

Abstract: An oil suction filter having an enclosed housing with a base surface and an oil intake opening, a top surface with an oil discharge opening, and a filter usually in the form of a filter cloth in the housing between the intake opening and the outlet. In one form, an oil diverting device at least partially surrounds the oil intake opening. In another form, an oil flow diverting device is provided at either or both of the oil intake opening and the oil outlet. In another form, an oil filter cloth has various densities, thicknesses or layers that control the flow. All the foregoing is for the purpose of minimizing formation of large air bubbles passing through the suction filter. Further, beads in the housing may keep the filter cloth off the base surface.

Abstract: A motion insensitive phase separator for separating oilfield production fluid phases includes a tank having a pair of opposing inlets and three generally centrally arranged outlets for different phases of a production fluid mixture fed into the tank simultaneously through the inlets. Separation media is disposed in the tank for separating the different phases of the production fluid, The separation media include antifoam media at opposite ends of the tank and further includes demisting media proximately to the median plane, on opposite sides thereof. Flow regulators, such as perforated plates, are disposed substantially vertically in the tank between the antifoam media and the demisting media. The separation media and the flow regulators are disposed generally symmetrically about a central transverse plane, thereby providing for a symmetrical flow and weight distribution for motion insensitivity.

Abstract: An arterial blood filter device for removing foreign particles and undissolved gases from blood flowing through the device, having a cylindrical housing enclosing a cylindrical filter element between a hollow upper cap forming an inlet chamber and a flat lower cap forming an outlet chamber. The upper cap has a vertical gas outlet and has a horizontal tubular inlet with the outermost wall of the tubular inlet extending tangentially from the outermost wall of the base of the upper cap. A principle feature of the invention is a stepped dome having a circular base with a diameter closely matched to the outer diameter of the filter element and attached to the upper end thereof. The stepped dome includes hemispherically shaped upper surface extending into the inlet chamber and having a maximum diameter smaller than the diameter of the circular base.

Abstract: An apparatus for supplying a liquid in a semiconductor manufacturing process includes a container storing the liquid therein, and having a gas inlet for introducing a gas and a liquid outlet for discharging the liquid pressurized by the gas, and a first filter connected to the liquid outlet of the container for removing an impurity of the liquid. The container is slopingly positioned so that the liquid outlet of the container is inclined downwardly to allow the liquid to be totally discharged therefrom. The first filter includes a plurality of plates extending outwardly form an inner surface of the first filter for allowing the liquid to be agitated therein, an outlet arranged at the bottom of the first filter for discharging a precipitated impurity, and a plurality of exhaust valves respectively arranged adjacent to the plates for allowing a gaseous impurity to be released therefrom.

Abstract: An extracorporeal, flow-through bubble trap for blood lines having improved capabilities at high flow rates and with smaller bubbles. The bubble trap comprises a chamber-defining wall, plus a blood inlet and a blood outlet, each extending through the wall to communicate with the interior of the chamber. The blood outlet connects with the chamber interior adjacent the bottom thereof. The chamber interior has a height that is less than 1.6 times the longest horizontal dimension of the chamber interior. As a result of this, blood flow in the bubble trap chamber is substantially horizontal.

Abstract: A triple effect, pressurized deaeration system for boiler feedwater the system including a component deaerator unit and a feedwater receiver, the deaerator unit being mounted external to and above the feedwater receiver, the deaerator unit including a makeup and return water spray nozzle and a pair of screen trays with steam circulated from the receiver through the screen trays and water spray for two stages of deaeration with spray water collected below the screens and delivered through a spray water return conduit to a water collection and mixing column in the receiver, wherein steam from a steam supply is delivered to the water collection column and mixed with collected spray water for a third stage deaeration before the deaerated water commingles with reservoir water contained in the receiver.

Abstract: A waste treatment device for treating waste having both liquids and solids therein includes a primary waste reservoir, a solids processor operably connected to the primary waste reservoir to receive waste therefrom in a manner to permit combustion of a substantial part the solids and generate a resultant waste, ash and gas, a secondary waste reservoir operably connected to the solids processor to receive the resultant waste, and a liquid processor operably connected to the secondary waste reservoir to receive the resultant waste in a manner to separate at least a part of the resultant waste into an environmentally safe water and resultant waste concentrate.

Abstract: A waste treatment device includes a waste holding tank for receiving waste, a solids-gas processor operably connected to the waste holding tank, an aqueous holding tank operably connected to the processor and the waste holding tank and an aqueous purification device operably connected to the aqueous holding tank.

Abstract: A carrier recovery apparatus of a liquid electrophotographic printer includes a condenser for condensing a gas carrier recovered from a photoreceptor belt, a filtering tube having a cavity, whose first end is connected to the condenser, and whose second end has a plurality of throughholes leading to the cavity radially formed thereat, a filter bonded on the outer surface of the filtering tube and which filters the gas carrier contained in air passing through the throughholes, and an exhaust tube having an internal diameter larger than the outer diameter of the filtering tube, and whose first end is tightly fitted to the second end of the filtering tube to which the filter is coupled, for exhausting the air to the outside.

Abstract: A pump apparatus for a milking machine is provided with an oil container for the supply of lubricant to the pump. A joint device is inserted in the container. The joint device comprises a casing enclosing an inlet conduit for bringing back oil to the container and an outlet conduit for the removal of oil from the container and supply to the pump.

Abstract: Debubbling apparatus may have many uses, for example, in the manufacture of photographic materials where bubbles are to be removed from liquid photographic emulsion prior to application of such emulsion to a supporting substrate, in the food processing industries or in confectionery manufacture where air bubbles are undesirable because they may harbour germs, or in blood transfusion apparatus where air bubbles present a potentially lethal hazard. Described herein is a debubbling apparatus which comprises a vessel having an outlet and an inlet spaced from one another longitudinally of the vessel, means for imparting rotational movement, about a longitudinal axis of the vessel to liquid passed through said vessel from said inlet to said outlet, and means for transmitting a beam of ultrasound along the axis of said vessel in the direction towards said inlet, from a location closer to said outlet than to said inlet.

Abstract: A device for separating gas bubbles out of medical fluids, in particular blood, has a substantially cylindrical chamber, an inlet connection arranged in the longitudinal direction of the chamber, an outlet connection and a flow-guide member attached to the inlet connection and having a plurality of flow channels, which extend in a space curve out of the longitudinal direction of the chamber in a direction running substantially tangential to the inner wall of the chamber. An orifice, which is sealed by a hydrophobic membrane, is provided in the cover part of the chamber. Since the outlet orifices of the flow channels are arranged directly underneath the cover part, the membrane is circumflowed by the inflowing fluid, avoiding the formation of dead zones. The device makes it possible to separate out air bubbles with a substantial degree of reliability, without the danger of the hydrophobic membrane becoming obstructed from contact with the blood.

Abstract: A gas elimination device for cellular fluids has a cylindrical chamber that is divided radially into two parts by a cylindrical filter centrally located in the chamber. The fluid inlet is directed tangentially to the outer part of the chamber to create a vortex flow. The vortex flow is stopped by passage of the fluid through the filter, and gas bubbles that have formed rise to the top of the outer part of the chamber. A hydrophobic membrane covers the top of the chamber and allows the gas to exit the chamber to the atmosphere. A one way valve formed in a two part cap covering the chamber prevents flow of air into the chamber. A float valve stops flow when the chamber fills with air.

Abstract: Lubricant in exhaust fluid from a pneumatic motor is extracted by a separator. The separator comprises a housing in which a cyclonic flow of the exhaust is created to expel the lubricant in the exhaust. The exhaust is directed through a turbine within the housing wherein lubricant is deposited on blades of the turbine and then expelled against a housing wall by rotation of the turbine. After passing through the turbine blades, the exhaust flow is forced to reverse direction thereby extracting additional lubricant due to centrifugal force. After the lubricant has been extracted, the exhaust flows through a filter to remove other particles before exiting the separator.

Abstract: An arterial filter includes a filter housing provided with a uniquely shaped housing cover. The housing cover is in the shape of a toroid which forms a coil-like tunnel which is enlarged midway about the circumference of the housing cover. The highest point of the toroidal channel is at the periphery of the housing cover, approximately 180.degree. from the inlet valve. A gas vent is located at this highest point on the top of the toroid-shaped housing cover. At the center of the housing cover is an indentation which is provided to both retain a cylindrical filter element inside the filter housing, as well as allow visibility directly through the central axis of the arterial filter to verify proper operation of the filtration process. As inlet blood circulates through the toroidal tube forming the filter housing cover, gaseous matter is allowed to buoyantly escape out of the gas vent located at the top of the raised section of the toroidal channel.

Abstract: A self-priming filter holder for filtration of intravenous liquids is provided and is formed of one or two housing portions sealed to a core portion. The core portion has one or two ribbed surfaces forming a plurality of flow paths sealed at one end and open at a second end and at least one channel preferably larger than the flow paths. The channel(s) is in fluid communication with the flow paths and an outlet. An inlet is provided to the interior of the housing portion(s) which are sealed from the ribbed surfaces by hydrophilic membranes. The housing portion(s) can be provided with gas vents sealed with hydrophobic membranes. Fluids pass through the flow paths in one direction and through the channel(s) in an opposite direction to remove gas from the flow paths and channels prior to use.

Abstract: A separation device employing a gas separation filter and swirler vanes for separating gas from a gasliquid mixture is provided. The cylindrical filter utilizes the principle that surface tension in the pores of the filter prevents gas bubbles from passing through. As a result, the gas collects in the interior region of the filter and coalesces to form larger bubbles in the center of the device. The device is particularly suited for use in microgravity conditions since the swirlers induce a centrifugal force which causes liquid to move from the inner region of the filter, pass the pores, and flow through the outlet of the device while the entrained gas is trapped by the filter. The device includes a cylindrical gas storage screen which is enclosed by the cylindrical gas separation filter. The screen has pores that are larger than those of the filters. The screen prevents larger bubbles that have been formed from reaching and interfering with the pores of the gas separation filter.

Abstract: In a liquid storage tank 10 for use on a spacecraft, a transfer apparatus 15 (comprising gathering vanes 33, an elongate array of fins 32, and a sponge structure formed from panels 31) functions to transfer liquid from the inner surface of the tank 10 to the vicinity of an outlet line 40. A screen 23 is disposed between the panels 31 and the outlet line 40. When wetted with liquid, the screen 23 prevents gas and/or vapor in the tank 10 from passing to the outlet line 40. A perforated plate 22 disposed between the screen 23 and the outlet line 40 causes liquid to pass from the tank 10 to the outlet line 40 in a regular and generally unbroken flow.

Abstract: An apparatus for effective vacuum degassing of a liquid is provided for liquid chromatography applications. The liquid to be degassed is heated in the vacuum chamber by a radiator of electromagnetic energy, in one embodiment, or is heated before it enters the vacuum chamber. The liquid may also be agitated while in the vacuum chamber. In a preferred form, the vacuum degassing unit includes a vacuum chamber including a vacuum pump for creating a vacuum therein, a source of liquid, and gas permeable tubing for conducting the liquid through said vacuum chamber. The tubing includes first and second larger diameter blocks having at least one hole therein interconnected by at least one length of small diameter tube to form a leak-tight seal therewith.