Abstract: An electrostatic precipitator and a method of removal of particulates from gaseous flows. A plurality of screens, secured in sets within a central chamber in a housing, include at least one set of electrically chargeable first screens and at least one set of electrically grounded second screens. For each set of chargeable screens, all the screens of the set are provided with an identical electrical charge, either positive or negative, and the set is provided with a plurality of spikes directed at the oncoming gaseous flow. At least one screen cleaning unit selectively acts on the screens of each set. The precipitator can include a plurality of central chambers in a single housing or separate housings, and the chambers can be selectively activated or deactivated. The precipitator provides improved particulate removal from gaseous flows, including hot flows having temperatures up to at least 1200° C.

Abstract: An illustrative filter includes an electret material, which has a long-lasting electric charge, that is at least partially coated or covered with a conductive layer. An optional insulation layer may be disposed over at least part of the conductive layer. If the electret material has a positive charge, then the filter attracts particles with a negative charge, and vice versa. The filter adsorbs the attracted particles until it becomes saturated with particles, at which point the conductive layer is charged to have a polarity that is opposite the built-in polarity of the electret and that matches the polarity of the adsorbed particles. The charged conduction layer repels the adsorbed particles from the filter, cleaning the filter for continued use.

Abstract: The invention relates to electrostatic dust catcher including a first (1) and a second electrode (2) and a voltage source (3) for applying an electrical voltage between the two electrodes (1, 2). The first electrode (1) is designed as a dust catching device and the second electrode (2) is grounded.

Abstract: A computer system includes a computer chassis housing a processor and having a dust filter disposed in an airflow pathway through the computer chassis. A plurality of electrodes is disposed across an area of the dust filter, and a voltage source is provided having a negative terminal and a positive terminal. A controller selectively couples a first subset of electrodes to the negative terminal and selectively couples a second subset of electrodes to the positive terminal, wherein a voltage differential between the first subset of electrodes and the second subset of electrodes is sufficient to cause electrostatic movement of dust from an area of the dust filter near the first subset of electrodes to an area of the dust filter near the second subset of electrodes.

Abstract: A method for removing particulate matter from a particulate-bearing gas stream includes flowing a particulate-bearing gas stream at a first volumetric flow rate to a plurality of ESP units; producing electrically charged particulate matter; collecting electrically charged particulate matter on collection electrode plates; reducing the flow through at least one of the ESP units; sequentially increasing the flow through one or more remaining ESP units in an amount so as to maintain the sum of flow through all of the ESP units at the first volumetric flow rate; subjecting the collection electrode plates in the at least one ESP unit with reduced flow to forces which dislodge the particulate matter from the collection electrode plates; collecting the dislodged particulate matter in a particulate collection receptacle; and withdrawing a gas stream of reduced particulate matter contamination.

Abstract: A substrate transfer device includes an atmosphere introduction unit and an atmosphere exhaust unit provided at a top and a bottom portion of a main body of the device, respectively; and a substrate transfer mechanism provided between the atmosphere introduction unit and the atmosphere exhaust unit. The substrate transfer device further includes a downward flow forming unit provided, adjacent to the atmosphere introduction unit, to allow an atmosphere to be introduced through the atmosphere introduction unit and to downwardly flow through the substrate transfer mechanism and be exhausted through the atmosphere exhaust unit; and a gas ionizing unit for ionizing the atmosphere and a particle collecting unit for collecting particles included in the atmosphere, the gas ionizing unit and the particle collecting unit being sequentially provided in the direction in which the atmosphere downwardly flows, between the downward flow forming unit and the substrate transfer mechanism.

Abstract: A PM sensor is provided having high responsiveness and capable of long term detection. A PM sensor includes a sensor element that has particulate collection electrodes to which a particulate collection voltage for causing particulate matter contained in exhaust to adhere to a sensor element is applied, and measurement electrodes to which a measurement voltage for measuring an electrical characteristic of the sensor element is applied, in which, after a particulate collection voltage is applied to the particulate collection electrodes application of the particulate collection voltage is stopped in response to a predetermined condition being satisfied, the measurement voltage is applied to the measurement electrodes and the electrical characteristic of the sensor element is measured.

Abstract: A device and method for controlling the rapping of at least one collecting electrode plate (30) of an electrostatic precipitator (1) is provided. The device controls such rapping by applying, by means of a power source (32), a voltage between at least one collecting electrode plate (30) and at least one discharge electrode (28). The sparking rate between the at least one collecting electrode plate (30) and at least one discharge electrode (28) is then measured, with the rapping of the at least one collecting electrode plate (30) controlled using the measured present sparking rate.

Abstract: A method for cleansing an electrostatic precipitator having a collecting electrode and an emission electrode includes applying a voltage between the collecting electrode and the emission electrode and reducing the applied voltage from a first voltage to a second voltage upon an occurrence of a spark between the collecting electrode and the emission electrode.

Abstract: This inventions provides a method for the removal of smut, fine dust and exhaust gas particles from polluted air including providing a particle catch arrangement with a charged surface, the particle catch arrangement being arranged to generate a static electric field, wherein the electric field is at least 0.2 kV/m. The invention further provides a particle catch arrangement including a surface that can be charged, further including a generator arranged to generate charge to the surface that can be charged and to generate a static electric field of at least 0.2 kV/m, wherein the particle catch arrangement is part of or integrated with an object including street furniture.

Abstract: A system for the electrical agglomeration of particles in a fluid using a plurality of electrically charged panels, such as electrets, metal panels, or any conductive material, positioned in series perpendicular to the direction of flow of fluid. The panels are about 20% to 80% open to the flow of fluid. The panels produce agglomerates of increasing size and number from the particles in a fluid as the fluid flows through each of the panels. The panels have an electrical charge of about 5,000 to 12,000 volts with amperage about 0.001 amps to 100 amps. Agglomerates are trapped by downstream capture media.

Abstract: A method of operating a filtration system that filters flue gas, which includes particulate matter and a gaseous pollutant. The filtration system may include a fabric filter, which is cleaned with periodic pulse cleanings, a discharge electrode upstream of the fabric filter, which imparts an electric charge to at least some of the particulate matter before the particulate matter collects on the fabric filter, a sorbent, which is injected into the flue gas upstream of the fabric filter and absorbs at least some of the gaseous pollutant, and a fan, which draws the flue gas through the fabric filter. The filtration system may have a pulse cleaning interval setting that may be manipulated by an operator of the filtration system. The pulse cleaning interval setting may be the time between the pulse cleanings.

Abstract: An intense field dielectric air filtration system includes a perimeter frame for wall or ceiling mounting at the inlet of a return air duct for an air conditioning apparatus. A door including a grille disposed thereon is mounted for movement on the frame between working and non-working positions for access to an air filter unit, a pre-filter unit and an intense field particle charging unit. Contacts on the filter unit and the field charging unit engage cooperating contacts on an enclosure mounted on the frame when the door is closed to supply electrical power. An interlock is provided to interrupt power when the door is moved to an open position or the grille is removed. A control system disposed in the enclosure includes user control features accessible when the door is in an open position. An alternate embodiment includes a support frame for positioning the filtration system in ductwork or the like other than a return air inlet.

Abstract: This invention relates to an electrostatic precipitator suitable for removing industrial dust particles. This electrostatic precipitator with high efficiency includes a casing, in which the corona discharge electrode lines and the dust-collecting electrode plates, which form a plurality of sedimentation passages, are arranged in parallel and alternately. The vibration apparatuses for cleaning dust are placed respectively on the corona discharge electrode lines and the dust-collecting electrode plates. The wind shields are arranged alternately at both ends of each two adjacent sedimentation passages to form a plurality of air intake sedimentation passages and air exhaust sedimentation passages which are arranged alternately. The passages, where the wind shields are located on the side of air outlet are the air intake sedimentation passages and the air exhaust sedimentation passages with the wind shields located on the side of air inlet.

Abstract: A gimbaled truss assembly is disclosed including a frame rotatably mounted in a gimbal mount, and a truss rotatably mounted within the frame. The truss is configured to retain a propulsion system. The frame and the truss rotate independently of one another. A fastening system for mounting the propulsion system to the truss includes vibration isolators. A plurality of braces are coupled to the gimbal mount. The braces conform to the external surface of an air vehicle on which the assembly is to be attached.

Abstract: An electrostatic precipitator unit used for the removal of coolant liquid and particles generated by a machine tool includes an electrostatic precipitator cell. The electrostatic precipitator cell includes power and collector ground fins and an ionizer grid positioned below the fins. The lower edges of the power fins are spaced above the collector ground fins to prevent contact of the liquid on the ground fins with the power fins. An electrical contact assembly for supplying electrical current to the ionizer grid and power fins is electrically isolated from all ground contacts by dielectric standoffs which define an insulating air gap. The likelihood of liquid tracking to ground is therefore eliminated.

Abstract: A tower ionizer air cleaner is provided. The tower ionizer air cleaner includes a tower chassis, with a base of the tower chassis including a small footprint, one or more airflow inlet openings in the tower chassis, one or more airflow outlet openings in the tower chassis and substantially opposite to the one or more airflow inlet openings, and an ionizer element positioned within the tower chassis. The tower ionizer air cleaner further includes one or more fan units substantially vertically located within the tower ionizer air cleaner and affixed to the tower chassis. The one or more fan units are configured to provide an airflow between the one or more airflow inlet openings and the one or more airflow outlet openings and through the ionizer element.

Abstract: An air conditioning apparatus includes a cabinet having air inlet and outlet openings and an intense field dielectric air filtration system disposed in the cabinet between the inlet and outlet openings. The filtration system includes a field charging unit and a filter unit. The filter unit may be mounted for removal from the cabinet on spaced apart support brackets connected to the cabinet or to a frame of the field charging unit. Electrical contact elements may be supported by the support brackets for engagement with corresponding contact elements on the filter unit and charging unit for establishing electrical communication between a power supply and the charging unit and filter unit, respectively. A shorting bar is aligned with the contact members on the filter unit for discharging high voltage potential upon removal of the filter unit from the cabinet.

Abstract: An air cleaner is provided that includes one or more ionizing panels having at least one ionizing wire in connection with a voltage source. One or more collector cells separate from the one or more ionizing wire panels are releasably received within the air cleaner housing to establish an electrical connection between the collector cell and the voltage source for applying a voltage potential between the collector cell and the ionizing wire. The collector cell may be removed from the air cleaner to permit cleaning of the collector cell separate from the ionizing panels. The air cleaner monitors at least one variable indicative of the operation of the air cleaner. Upon determining that the variable has reached a predetermined level indicative of a significant amount of dust accumulation, a controller activates a light source to illuminate indicia on a display screen which indicates a need for servicing the air cleaner.

Abstract: A gas separation apparatus using electrostatic precipitators and mechanical rappers is enhanced by the addition of an opposite polarity refreshing power supply and a switching arrangement. The switching components selectively disconnect the primary power supply and connect the refreshing power supply to the electrostatic precipitator, causing an electrical impulse in the precipitator sufficient to dislodge precipitate from the collector plates. In one embodiment, an RC filter is further provided to control the impulse and reduce the burden that would otherwise be placed upon the refreshing power supply. In a second embodiment, a pair of SCR strings serve as the switches. Cleaning power is delivered from a capacitor through one of the SCR strings using a resonant circuit, the resonance which causes the SCR string to commutate off after the impulse has been delivered.

Abstract: An air cleaner is provided according to an embodiment of the invention. The air cleaner includes a power supply, an electrostatic precipitator cell, and a door. The door closes the electrostatic precipitator cell inside the air cleaner. The air cleaner further includes a door switch that is actuated by the door when the door is substantially closed. The air cleaner further includes a cell presence switch. The electrostatic precipitator cell actuates the cell presence switch when the electrostatic precipitator cell is at least partially inserted into the air cleaner. The cell presence switch and the door switch enable electrical power to be supplied from the power source to one or more air cleaner components when the electrostatic precipitator cell is at least partially inserted into the air cleaner and when the door is substantially closed.

Abstract: An intense field dielectric air filtration system associated with an air conditioning unit includes a microprocessor based control system which may be connected to the thermostat of the air conditioning unit to energize the air filtration system in response to a call for heat or cooling signal at the thermostat or startup of the fan motor for the air conditioning unit. The control system includes a power supply for the air filtration system together with voltage and current monitoring circuits for detecting a fault condition. Filtration system on/off and timing function reset switches are connected to the microprocessor and visual displays, including a multicolored LED bargraph display, are controlled by the microprocessor to indicate voltage potential applied to the air filtration system, a fault condition or a test mode.

Abstract: An air filtration system includable in and for HVAC equipment includes one or more intense field dielectric filter units and a field charging unit retained in a support structure or cabinet by a removable door which includes control circuitry and contactors engageable with corresponding contact members on a filter unit and the field charging unit for supplying high voltage DC potential to the respective units. Each filter unit includes a filter core comprising a stacked array of filter elements formed of dielectric sheets interconnected by elongated spaced apart ribs forming flow passages. The field charging unit and the filter units are removable from the support or cabinet for cleaning or replacement by opening or removing the door. An interlock switch and a field shorting mechanism are actuated during servicing or replacement of the system components.

Abstract: An air cleaner is provided according to an embodiment of the invention. The air cleaner includes a power supply, an electrostatic precipitator cell, and a door. The door closes the electrostatic precipitator cell inside the air cleaner. The air cleaner further includes a door switch that is actuated by the door when the door is substantially closed. The air cleaner further includes a cell presence switch. The electrostatic precipitator cell actuates the cell presence switch when the electrostatic precipitator cell is at least partially inserted into the air cleaner. The cell presence switch and the door switch enable electrical power to be supplied from the power source to one or more air cleaner components when the electrostatic precipitator cell is at least partially inserted into the air cleaner and when the door is substantially closed.

Abstract: A method for operating a filter assembly having a filter medium includes applying a constant or nearly constant static DC potential to dust entering the filter assembly and the filter medium, passing dust-laden gas through the filter medium in a first direction through the filter assembly while the filter medium is statically charged with the DC potential, measuring pressure drop through the filter assembly, and, in response to the pressure drop meeting a preset limit, reversing the polarity of the DC potential to thereby allow dust particles on the filter medium to drop off the filter medium.

Abstract: A particulate filter assembly includes an electrode assembly, a particulate filter positioned in an electrode gap defined between two electrodes of the electrode assembly, a power supply electrically coupled to the electrode assembly, and a controller for controlling operation of the power supply to apply a regenerate-filter signal to the electrode assembly to oxidize particulates collected by the particulate filter. An associated method of regenerating the particulate filter is disclosed.

Abstract: An improved filter element for use in an electrostatic precipitation air cleaning device, the filter element including rod electrodes arranged through a stack of alternating fluted plastic sheets and plate electrodes. Successive plate electrodes are arranged to make contact with an alternating one or the other of the rod electrodes. The plate and rod electrodes may be composed of high impedance materials such as paper and plastic, respectively. An arrangement for removably inserting a filter element into an air cleaning device is provided. The arrangement also removably provides electrical connectivity between the filter element and the air cleaning device. The filter element can thus be readily removed and re-installed by a user.

Abstract: The present invention is embodied in a system for collecting biological samples from air including a collection assembly to store at least one biological sample and a separator to remove selected particles from the air prior to entry into the collection assembly. In one embodiment, the selected particles are magnetic and the separator includes at least one magnet to attract the particles from the air.

Abstract: An air conditioning device for heating and/or an environment is provided. The air conditioning device includes a heat exchanging apparatus, a passage, and a corona discharge apparatus. The passage is in thermal communication with the heat exchanging apparatus and extends between an inlet and an outlet. The corona discharge apparatus is disposed within the passage to draw a fluid from the environment into the passage through the inlet, move the fluid through the passage to permit the heat exchanger to remove or heat the fluid, and expel the fluid through the outlet into the environment. As such, the environment is cooled or heated. Embodiments of the present invention include package terminal air conditioners (PTACs), room air conditioners (RACs), and mini-split heating and cooling systems.

Abstract: A gas separation apparatus using electrostatic precipitators and mechanical rappers is enhanced by the addition of an opposite polarity refreshing power supply and a switching arrangement. The switching components selectively disconnect the primary power supply and connect the refreshing power supply to the electrostatic precipitator, causing an electrical impulse in the precipitator sufficient to dislodge precipitate from the collector plates. An RC filter is further provided to control the impulse and reduce the burden that would otherwise be placed upon the refreshing power supply. The novel separation apparatus and technique offer particular synergy when applied to the effluent stream from a coal-fired electric power plant or other similar gas streams.

Abstract: A gas separation apparatus using electrostatic precipitators and mechanical rappers is enhanced by the addition of an opposite polarity refreshing power supply and a switching arrangement. The switching components selectively disconnect the primary power supply and connect the refreshing power supply to the electrostatic precipitator, causing an electrical impulse in the precipitator sufficient to dislodge precipitate from the collector plates. An RC filter is further provided to control the impulse and reduce the burden that would otherwise be placed upon the refreshing power supply. The novel separation apparatus and technique offer particular synergy when applied to the effluent stream from a coal-fired electric power plant or other similar gas streams.

Abstract: An apparatus for removing particles from a gas in a high purity flowing gas system is provided which includes a flow tube inserted inline in the flowing gas system having an inlet and an outlet, a pressure sealed, electrically insulated feed-through integral to the flow tube, an emitter inserted through the feed-through into the flow tube to create a plasma in the gas to charge particles in the gas, and a collector surface in proximity to the emitter; whereby an electric field between the emitter and the collector surface draws the particles in the gas to the collector surface.

Abstract: A low density ash particle separation and collection method and device for separating low density particles, primarily frothy-solid particles with internal and external porosity and thick walled hollow particles, from the overall mixture of higher density particles including raw fly ash as produced by coal fired power plants. Specifically, the invention relates to a device and method for separating and collecting the low density fly ash fraction composed of thick walled hollow fly ash particles and frothy generally solid particles with both internal and external porosity and a relatively small amount of cenospheres from the overall mixture of ash particles composing raw ash as produced by coal fired power plants by de-energizing one or more fields of large electrostatic precipitators during electrostatic precipitation of the ash resulting in the dropping out of the lower density particles in the hoppers located below the de-energized field(s) of the electrostatic precipitator.

Abstract: A method of separating a low density fly ash fraction from an overall group of fly ash entrained in a gas stream including the steps of passing the gas through a duct having a first area; passing the gas stream from the duct through an expansion nozzle; passing the gas stream through the expansion nozzle and into a hollow body having a second area, whereby the second area is larger than the first area; decelerating the gas stream as it enters the expansion nozzle to separate out low density ash particles; and collecting the low density ash particles from a hopper positioned adjacent the expansion nozzle.

Abstract: A plurality of discharge electrodes are grouped for respective gas passages that are defined by collecting electrodes (11-15). The discharge electrodes in each group are connected to a common power supply unit for receiving output voltage through a diode provided for each group and are connected to a spark electrode (21). The spark electrode is positioned such that it sparks between a hammer (20) in a passageway of the hammer upon striking. Each group of the discharge electrodes has a ground unit to be grounded just before the collecting electrodes on both sides thereof are struck.

Abstract: Apparatus and an associated method of operation are disclosed for removal of gaseous contaminants, particularly oxygen, from closed containers. The apparatus is economical, simple to install and operate, of convenient size, and highly effective. A gas extractor communicates with a container for a gas-sensitive product. A high gas concentration in the container causes operation of the extractor until the gas concentration is reduced to a desired low level, when the extractor operation stops. Separate sensors and controllers responsive to concentrations can be present, or the extractor can be self-actuated by use as a power source of a battery which operates on gas generated by operation of the extractor. The system preferably is used for oxygen extraction from containers holding oxygen-sensitive contents. The preferred extractor includes an electrochemical cell which has a ion-permeable membrane disposed between two electrodes.

Abstract: An electronic dust collector for collecting and removing dust from an air stream uses a corona discharge between a discharge electrode and a dust collection electrode to ionize the dust particles which are then attracted to, and held, on the surface of the negatively charged dust collection electrode. The surface of the dust collection electrode includes a catalyst layer for oxidizing and decomposing the deposited dust thereon. A heater is included in the dust collection electrode for periodic self-cleaning. The application of electricity to the heater is controlled to produce slow moderate temperature elevation during the self-cleaning of the dust collection electrode. This permits stepwise oxidation and decomposition of the dust deposited on the dust collection electrode, thereby cleaning the dust collection electrode by removing the dust on the dust collection electrode while suppressing generation of smoke and odor which would otherwise occur by burning of the dust.

Abstract: An air cleaner having an improved dust collector is provided. The dust collector can be readily removed for cleaning since the dust collector is directly attached to the rear cover of the filter, such that it can be removed together with the rear cover for cleaning. As a result, the rear cover and the dust collector can be removed in a more safe manner, such that an electric shock can be advantageously avoided. The air cleaner is provided with a processing chamber in the rear portion of the housing and an anion generating plate is disposed within the processing chamber. A locking tab and one lead of a power cord are fixedly attached to one side of the anion generating plate. The other end of the locking tab is provided with a hook from which a spring extends. A rear cover is provided to enclose the processing chamber. The rear cover is provided with a plurality of mounting posts by which a dust collector is mounted thereon.

Abstract: A housing for an electrostatic air cleaner is made adaptable to various sizes of cells by use of the same components. Top and bottom wall members are interconnected by telescoping corner members which can be contracted or expanded to vary the height of the housing as desired. The ends of the housing are closed by way of doors which are also expandable to varying lengths so as to accommodate various housing heights.

Abstract: The claimed reproduction procedure avoids the use of as many masks as there are degrees of shading for each primary color.For each primary color, only a single mask capable of being stripped and not painted in gouache is used. This mask serves as the mask assignable to the most densely shaded areas, and then upon stripping, as each of the masks assignable to the less densely shaded areas and so on to the weakest density. The mask acts as a photomask for a film which is underexposed for each degree of shading desired bymeans of a single screen.The invention is applicable to the reproduction of all documents using a number of shades of color.

Abstract: A light-sensitive layer transfer material and such layer disposed on a carrier, for use in screen-printing stencils, printed circuit boards, integrated circuits, intaglio printing plates, relief printing plates, proof prints and the like, which comprises an alkali-soluble phenolic resin, such as phenol-formaldehyde novolacs, an ester or an amide of an o-naphthoquinone-diazide sulphonic acid, such as the p-cumyl phenyl ester of 1,2-naphthoquinone-2-diazide-4-sulphonic acid, etc., and an acrylic resin, such as a polymer of an alkyl ester of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid.

Abstract: A color identifying tape having a clear or white background with a black positive register mark and a negative mark in fixed spaced relationship thereon. The black register mark forms colored background areas shaded in each primary color, red, yellow and blue in three quadrants about the register mark with a clear area to represent black, and the negative register mark has colored positive indicia on clear background corresponding to each color on the positive register mark. The color identifying tape is placed next to the article to be photographed and is photographed with black and white film through a series of filters to record the red color, the yellow color, the blue color, and the black color on separate frames of film such that the positive register marks become negative on the film and the negative register marks become positive. This allows alignment of the films in relationship with each other and the color background areas and positive indicia identifying the color represented by the film.

Abstract: Method for substantially improving the shadow detail and color spectrum range of multicolored lithographic reproductions including the preparation of and printing with standard halftone printing plates and overprinting with a secondary printing plate made from a color separation used in making the halftone printing plates; the secondary printing plate being made from a secondary image exposed through a random pattern screen.

Abstract: A photosensitive material such as photographic film is exposed with a color image through a color separation filter. An electroluminescent plate is placed over the film and exposed with the color image first through the color separation filter with the plate charged to one electrical polarity and again through a color and contrast compensating filter with the plate charged to the opposite polarity. A high electrical potential is applied to the electroluminescent plate causing the plate to radiate a luminescent image onto the film as a color and contrast compensation exposure.

Abstract: A process is described for performing color separations from a light-image of a colored original and for separately printing corresponding color separation images in registry onto a print sheet to provide a full color reproduction. The printing step is accomplished by thermographic dry image forming techniques.

Abstract: A method of gravure printing which comprises preparing a tone chart having tone scale images with known density values and known gradations between a series of steps between a deep shadow tone density value and a light shadow tone density value, etching a test tone cylinder to reproduce the tone chart and measuring and recording the cell geometry of each tone image on the test cylinder, placing the test cylinder on the press to be used and operating the press with ink and substrate selected for the copy to be reproduced, measuring the tone densities of the printed product samples obtained during the test run and recording this data along with the data on density values of the tone chart and the cell geometry of the test cylinder, determining from this data the tone scale and press operating conditions which will produce theoretically optimum reproduction on the press, preparing specifications, in terms of cell geometry, for engraving of production cylinders and preparing production cylinders according to the

Abstract: A color identifying tape having a clear or white background with a black positive register mark and a negative mark in fixed spaced relationship thereon. The black register mark forms colored background areas shaded in each primary color, red, yellow and blue in three quandrants about the register mark with a clear area to represent black, and the negative register mark has colored positive indicia on clear background corresponding to each color on the positive register mark. The color identifying tape is placed next to the article to be photographed and is photographed with black and white film through a series of filters to record the red color, the yellow color, the blue color, and the black color on separate frames of film such that the positive register marks become negative on the film and the negative register marks become positive. This allows alignment of the films in relationship with each other and the color background areas and positive indicia identify the color represented by the film.

Abstract: A method for modifying vesicular images into non-scattering images is provided, which comprises opening the closed bubbles of the vesicular image to form an open-bore image by allowing at least one organic solvent which attacks the thermoplastic bubble walls of the vesicular image to act on the latter, optionally making the image wettable with a surfactant introducing the image substance into the open pores by treatment with a solution or dispersion of the image substance and, optionally removing any remaining gas bubbles or pores by heat or solvent treatment.

Abstract: Halftone, multicolor printed effects are achieved by special preparation of art work in the desired pre-selected colors without blending and the use of only white as a diluent of color strength, forming color separated line-engraved press plates therefrom and applying the separate colors by offset printing to the workpiece without overprinting. A novel method and apparatus for producing halftone effect printing using these line-engraved press plates for printing cylindrical objects, and more particularly, cans of the two-piece type.

Abstract: Process for reproducing a full color picture in two printing impressions, comprising the steps of:A. Projecting a multi-color image upon a first panchromatic type film through a composite separation screen having first areas which pass long record light rays and attenuate short record light rays and second areas which pass short record light rays and attenuate long record light rays;B. Projecting such multi-color image upon an ortho type film;C. Developing such first panchromatic type film and such ortho type film;D. Forming a first printing plate by such developed first panchromatic type film;E. Projecting long record light rays through such developed ortho type film and such composite separation screen upon a second panchromatic type film;F. Removing such developed ortho type film and projecting short record light rays through such composite separation screen upon such second panchromatic type film;G. Developing such second panchromatic type film;H.