Abstract: The present disclosure is related to porous media with adjustable fluid permeabilities and related systems and methods. In certain cases, the fluid permeability of a porous medium can be adjusted by applying an electrical potential to the porous medium. In some such cases, the application of the electrical potential to the porous medium results in the deposition of material over or the removal of material from the porous medium. Also disclosed herein are systems and methods for capturing species (e.g., acid gases) in which porous media with adjustable fluid permeabilities are used, for example, to control the flow of fluid into and out of a medium used to capture the species.

Abstract: This invention relates to a system and method for improving sulfur recovery from a Claus unit. More specifically, this invention provides a sorption based SO2 selective crosslinked polyionic liquid system and method for treating acid gas streams and minimizing sulfur dioxide emissions therefrom.

Abstract: A humidifier block and a method for producing a humidifier block are disclosed. The humidifier block may include a plurality of membranes each having a cavity for passing a through-flow and a jacket surrounding the cavity in a circumferential direction. The jacket may be moisture-permeable. At least one strip-shaped carrier may be fitted with the plurality of membranes, and the plurality of membranes may arranged in a longitudinal direction parallel to one another and adjacent to one another on the at least one carrier. The at least one carrier fitted with the plurality of membranes may be shaped into the humidifier block such that the plurality of membranes are arranged adjacent to one another in a transverse direction running transversely to the longitudinal direction and adjacent in a height direction running transversely to the longitudinal direction and transversely to the transverse direction.

Abstract: An apparatus for preparing a gas sample for analysis includes a separation unit configured to separate the gas sample into one or more component samples. A thermal conductivity detector detects the output of the one or more component sample from the separation unit. At least one component sample is collected in a component sample collection unit having a sample collector. The sample collection unit has an outlet for distributing the at least one component sample from the sample collector for analysis.

Abstract: Provided is an oxygen permeable membrane for use in an air secondary battery, which excels in oxygen permeability, barrier performance to water, being capable of preventing electrolyte from leaking out. Such an oxygen permeable membrane includes a thermoplastic resin membrane and inorganic particles having pores having pore diameter of 10 ? or less contained in the thermoplastic resin membrane, in which the thermoplastic resin membrane has one surface on which hydrophobic treatment is effected.

Abstract: A gas separation membrane including, a separation-active membrane containing: a compound represented by the following Formula (I) having a boiling point or a decomposition temperature of 200° C. or higher; and a cross-linked polymer containing a dissociable group and a repeating unit derived from alkylene glycol: wherein, in Formula (I), R1, R2 and R3 represent a hydrogen atom or a substituent; Wi represents a bivalent linking group; when R1, R2 and R3 represent a substituent, R1 and R2, R1 and R3 or R2 and R3 may be combined together to form a ring and wherein, in the compound represented by Formula (I), [total molecular weight of primary amine group+total molecular weight of secondary amine group]/[molecular weight of Formula (I)] is from 0.3 to 0.84.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an immobilized liquid membrane using a water solution and a hexane solution is provided. The method may include producing a plurality of particles having a distribution of sizes from the water solution, covering the plurality of particles in the hexane solution, creating a plurality of microcapsules each comprising a flexible wall encapsulating a respective one of the plurality of particles, and creating a gap membrane between the plurality of microcapsules, the gap membrane being formed by polymerization reaction between a second portion of the water solution and a second portion of the hexane solution. Each of the plurality of microcapsules and the gap membrane are permeable to a first gas of a mixture of gasses comprising the first gas and a second gas, each of the microcapsules and the gap membrane being substantially impermeable to the second gas.

Abstract: The present invention provides gels, solutions, films, membranes, compositions, and other materials containing polymerized and/or non-polymerized room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs). These materials are useful in catalysis, gas separation and as antistatic agents. The RTILs are preferably imidazolium-based RTILs which are optionally substituted, such as with one or more hydroxyl groups. Optionally, the materials of the present invention are composite materials comprising both polymerized and non-polymerized RTILs. The RTIL polymer is formed from polymerized RTIL cations typically synthesized as monomers and polymerized in the presence of the non-polymerized RTIL cations to provide a solid composite material. The non-polymerized RTIL cations are not covalently bound to the cationic polymer but remain as free cations within the composite material able to associate with charged subunits of the polymer. These composite materials are useful in catalysis, gas separation, and antistatic applications.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system for carbon dioxide seperation and capture. The system includes a porous metal membrane comprising Ni, Ag, or combinations thereof and having molten carbonate within the pores. A CO2 containing flue gas input stream is separated from a reactant gas input stream by the membrane. The CO2 is removed from the flue gas input stream as it contacts the membrane resulting in a CO2 free flue gas output stream and a CO2 containing reactant gas output stream.

Abstract: Disclosed are membranes and methods for making the same, which membranes provide improved permeability, stability, and cost-effective manufacturability, for separating CO2 from gas streams such as flue gas streams. High CO2 permeation flux is achieved by immobilizing an ultra-thin, optionally catalyzed fluid layer onto a meso-porous modification layer on a thin, porous inorganic substrate such as a porous metallic substrate. The CO2-selective liquid fluid blocks non-selective pores, and allows for selective absorption of CO2 from gas mixtures such as flue gas mixtures and subsequent transport to the permeation side of the membrane. Carbon dioxide permeance levels are in the order of 1.0×10?6 mol/(m2sPa) or better. Methods for making such membranes allow commercial scale membrane manufacturing at highly cost-effective rates when compared to conventional commercial-scale CO2 separation processes and equipment for the same and such membranes are operable on an industrial use scale.

Abstract: A solvent composition comprising an organic solvent; dispersed nanoparticles; and a non-volatile electrolyte is provided. A method of forming a liquid composite composition is provided.

Abstract: Provided herein are immobilized liquid membranes for gas separation, methods of preparing such membranes and uses thereof. In one example, the immobilized membrane includes a porous metallic host matrix and an immobilized liquid fluid (such as a silicone oil) that is immobilized within one or more pores included within the porous metallic host matrix. The immobilized liquid membrane is capable of selective permeation of one type of molecule (such as oxygen) over another type of molecule (such as water). In some examples, the selective membrane is incorporated into a device to supply oxygen from ambient air to the device for electrochemical reactions, and at the same time, to block water penetration and electrolyte loss from the device.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for humidifying residential and commercial buildings in which a flue gas generated by a residential or commercial furnace is provided to one side of a porous liquid water transport membrane and habitable space air is provided to an opposite side of the porous liquid water transport membrane in an amount sufficient to provide a habitable space air to flue gas volume flow rate ratio of at least 8.3:1. At least a portion of the water vapor in the flue gas is condensed, providing condensed liquid water which is passed through the porous liquid water transport membrane to the habitable space air side of the porous liquid water transport membrane. On the habitable space air side of the membrane, the condensed liquid water is evaporated into the habitable space air, producing humidified habitable space air which is provided to the rooms of the residential and commercial buildings. Beneficially, no supplemental water source is required for the humidification process.

Abstract: The invention provides a porous nanoscale membrane. In one embodiment, the membrane can be used as a filtration device to screen agents that disrupt or prevent molecular interactions. In one embodiment, the membrane allows for screening agents that disrupt or prevent molecular interactions using a small sample volume with efficient high-throughput screening applications.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide permeable membrane is described. In some embodiments, the membrane includes a body having a first side and an opposite second side; a plurality of first regions formed from a molten carbonate having a temperature of about 400 degrees Celsius to about 1200 degrees Celsius, the plurality of first regions forming a portion of the body and the plurality of first regions extending from the first side of the body to the second side of the body; a plurality of second regions formed from an oxygen conductive solid oxide, the plurality of second regions combining with the plurality of first regions to form the body and the plurality of second regions extending from the first side of the body to the second side of the body; and the body is configured to allow carbon dioxide to pass from the first side to the second side.

Abstract: A permselective material has a polymer having an organosiloxane skeleton and containing a dispersed solid additive. When oxygen and nitrogen are passed through a membrane having the permselective material, the relation between the permeability coefficients [cm3·cm·sec?1·cm?2·cmHg?1] of oxygen and nitrogen at a temperature of 23±2° C. under a pressure difference of 1.05 atm to 1.20 atm through the membrane is expressed by Formula (1): 0.94 ? P ? ( O 2 ) P ? ( N 2 ) < 1 ( 1 ) where P(O2) denotes the permeability coefficient of oxygen, while P(N2) denotes the permeability coefficient of nitrogen.

Abstract: The present invention provides gels, solutions, films, membranes, compositions, and other materials containing polymerized and/or non-polymerized room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs). These materials are useful in catalysis, gas separation and as antistatic agents. The RTILs are preferably imidazolium-based RTILs which are optionally substituted, such as with one or more hydroxyl groups. Optionally, the materials of the present invention are composite materials comprising both polymerized and non-polymerized RTILs. The RTIL polymer is formed from polymerized RTIL cations typically synthesized as monomers and polymerized in the presence of the non-polymerized RTIL cations to provide a solid composite material. The non-polymerized RTIL cations are not covalently bound to the cationic polymer but remain as free cations within the composite material able to associate with charged subunits of the polymer. These composite materials are useful in catalysis, gas separation, and antistatic applications.

Abstract: A process for forming a porous nanoscale membrane is described. The process involves applying a nanoscale film to one side of a substrate, where the nanoscale film includes a semiconductor material; masking an opposite side of the substrate; etching the substrate, beginning from the masked opposite side of the substrate and continuing until a passage is formed through the substrate, thereby exposing the film on both sides thereof to form a membrane; and then simultaneously forming a plurality of randomly spaced pores in the membrane. The resulting porous nanoscale membranes, characterized by substantially smooth surfaces, high pore densities, and high aspect ratio dimensions, can be used in filtration devices, microfluidic devices, fuel cell membranes, and as electron microscopy substrates.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide permeable membrane is described. In some embodiments, the membrane includes a body having a first side and an opposite second side; a plurality of first regions formed from a molten carbonate having a temperature of about 400 degrees Celsius to about 1200 degrees Celsius, the plurality of first regions forming a portion of the body and the plurality of first regions extending from the first side of the body to the second side of the body; a plurality of second regions formed from an oxygen conductive solid oxide, the plurality of second regions combining with the plurality of first regions to form the body and the plurality of second regions extending from the first side of the body to the second side of the body; and the body is configured to allow carbon dioxide to pass from the first side to the second side.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a functionalized membrane contactor extraction/reaction system and method for extracting target species from multi-phase solutions utilizing ionic liquids. One preferred embodiment of the invented method and system relates to an extraction/reaction system wherein the ionic liquid extraction solutions act as both extraction solutions and reaction mediums, and allow simultaneous separation/reactions not possible with prior art technology.

Abstract: Carbon dioxide or other gases can be separated from gas streams using ionic liquid, such as in an electrochemical cell. For example, a membrane can contain sufficient ionic liquid to reduce ionic current density of at least one of protons and hydroxyl ions, relative to carbon-containing ionic current density. A gas stream containing carbon dioxide can be introduced on a cathode side, while a source of hydrogen gas can be introduced on the anode side of the membrane. Operation of an electrochemical cell with such a membrane can separate the carbon dioxide from the gas stream and provide it at a separate outlet.

Abstract: Ionic liquids can be immobilized in a membrane by, for example, bonding to a support such as a matrix, or by inclusion within a gel. Immobilized ionic liquids can be used in a number of applications, such as separation of carbon dioxide or other gases from gas streams. Membranes can be included in electrochemical cells. For example, a membrane can contain sufficient immobilized ionic liquid to reduce ionic current density of at least one of protons and hydroxyl ions, relative to carbon-containing ionic current density. A gas stream containing carbon dioxide can be introduced on a cathode side, while a source of hydrogen gas can be introduced on the anode side of the membrane. Operation of an electrochemical cell with such a membrane can separate the carbon dioxide from the gas stream and provide it at a separate outlet.

Abstract: A layered structure can be formed having immobilized or segregated pH buffering groups that can be used to separate carbon dioxide or other gases. The pH buffering groups can be immobilized within a matrix, confined within a gel, or segregated by a semi-permeable membrane. The pH buffering groups can be configured to increase the efficiency of the system by maintaining a desirable pH profile within the cell and to permit the flow of the carbon-containing ions within the system while controlling diffusion of protons and/or hydroxyl ions.

Abstract: To provide a method and an apparatus for reforming a hydrocarbon with a prolonged life of an oxygen-permeable membrane and a high recovery rate. The oxygen-permeable membrane absorbs the free energy change, ?G, of a partial oxidation reforming reaction and then converts it into work for oxygen isolation and Joule heat, Q. Here, as seen in Table 1 and FIG. 1, ?G of the partial oxidation reforming reaction is approximately ten times larger than ?H, and further increases as the temperature increases. The generated Joule heat, Q, has to be removed at a high efficiency, and this removal process is achieved by returning a portion of the Joule heat to the system as the entropy change, T?S, of the partial oxidation reaction itself and by steam reforming using the total energy change, ?H.

Abstract: A nanoscale membrane exposed on opposite sides thereof and having an average thickness of less than about 100 nm, and a lateral length to thickness aspect ratio that is more than 10,000 to 1 is disclosed. Also disclosed are methods of making such membranes, and use thereof in a number of devices including fuel cells, sensor devices, electrospray devices, and supports for examining a sample under electron microscopy.

Abstract: A carbon dioxide permeable membrane is described. In some embodiments, the membrane includes a body having a first side and an opposite second side; a plurality of first regions formed from a molten carbonate having a temperature of about 400 degrees Celsius to about 1200 degrees Celsius, the plurality of first regions forming a portion of the body and the plurality of first regions extending from the first side of the body to the second side of the body; a plurality of second regions formed from an oxygen conductive solid oxide, the plurality of second regions combining with the plurality of first regions to form the body and the plurality of second regions extending from the first side of the body to the second side of the body; and the body is configured to allow carbon dioxide to pass from the first side to the second side.

Abstract: Generally, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for removing a vapor phase contaminant from a gas stream, thereby reducing the concentration of the vapor phase contaminant in the gas stream. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method for removing a vapor phase contaminant from a gas stream, comprising contacting a gas stream comprising a vapor phase contaminant with a first side of a membrane; sorbing the vapor phase contaminant using the membrane; reacting the vapor phase contaminant into an reacted form of the vapor phase contaminant; transporting the reacted form of the vapor phase contaminant through the membrane to a second side of the membrane; contacting the second side of the membrane with a liquid; and dissolving the reacted form of the vapor phase contaminant into the liquid. Methods for making a membrane comprising a metal for use in the present invention is also described.

Abstract: Provided herein are immobilized liquid membranes for gas separation, methods of preparing such membranes and uses thereof. In one example, the immobilized membrane includes a porous metallic host matrix and an immobilized liquid fluid (such as a silicone oil) that is immobilized within one or more pores included within the porous metallic host matrix. The immobilized liquid membrane is capable of selective permeation of one type of molecule (such as oxygen) over another type of molecule (such as water). In some examples, the selective membrane is incorporated into a device to supply oxygen from ambient air to the device for electrochemical reactions, and at the same time, to block water penetration and electrolyte loss from the device.

Abstract: A method for treating a fluid to be scrubbed, comprising filling a scrubber with a volume of biodiesel or biomass adequate to cover a sintered permeable membrane in the reaction chamber and a bit more to create a reaction zone in not only a plurality of pores in the membrane with fluid but in a reaction zone above the membrane, then introducing fluid to be scrubbed to the membrane, building up pressure in the reaction chamber, and passing a scrubbed fluid from the reaction zone to an exit port at a rate equal to the rate the fluid to be scrubbed is introduced.

Abstract: A method for treating gases to be scrubbed, comprising filling a scrubber with a volume of lean liquid adequate to cover a sintered permeable membrane in the reaction chamber and a bit more to create a reaction zone in not only a plurality of pores in the membrane with gases but in a reaction zone above the membrane, then introducing gases to be scrubbed to the membrane, building up pressure in the reaction chamber, and passing scrubbed gas from the reaction zone to an exit port at a rate equal to the rate of gases to be scrubbed are introduced.

Abstract: A permselective material has a polymer having an organosiloxane skeleton and containing a dispersed solid additive. When oxygen and nitrogen are passed through a membrane having the permselective material, the relation between the permeability coefficients [cm3·cm·sec?1·cm?2·cmHg?1] of oxygen and nitrogen at a temperature of 23±2° C. under a pressure difference of 1.05 atm to 1.20 atm through the membrane is expressed by Formula (1): 0.94 ? P ? ( O 2 ) P ? ( N 2 ) < 1 ( 1 ) where P(O2) denotes the permeability coefficient of oxygen, while P(N2) denotes the permeability coefficient of nitrogen.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for absorbing acid gases from a synthesis gas prior to combustion. In one embodiment, a vessel is provided for receiving a synthesis gas and a physical solvent. The vessel includes one or more membrane contactors that provide an interface for physical absorption of one or more acid gases from the synthesis gas into the physical solvent.

Abstract: Carbon dioxide is separated from a gas stream using a supported carrier liquid membrane having a selected concentration of carrier species, the method being especially suitable for use in anaesthesia under conditions of periodic flow.

Abstract: This invention provides a method and process for the facile extraction of selected gases by means of a permeable membrane module, also known as a permeator, with effective and beneficial control of temperature the apparatus allowing temperature gradients or isothermal operation. The isolation and removal of subject gases, particularly those arising from combustion, i.e., combustion gases, is usually accomplished by means of absorber and stripper towers containing various packings to facilitate gas-liquid interaction. The inlet temperature has to be controlled but the temperature varies along the length of the tower height. In contrast, a membrane-based separation device, whether it is a permeator design or a traditional two body absorber and stripper, operates better, particularly if driven by a catalyst, under a controlled temperature regimen.

Abstract: A methane separation method of the present invention at least includes: mixing the biogas and an absorbing liquid that absorbs carbon dioxide in a mixer so as to form a mixed fluid of a gas-liquid mixed phase; introducing the mixed fluid into a first gas/liquid separator so as to separate the mixed fluid through gas/liquid separation into methane and a CO2-absorbed liquid formed due to an absorption of the carbon dioxide by the absorbing liquid; recovering methane separated in the first gas/liquid separator; and supplying the CO2-absorbed liquid through a supply port of a membrane module comprised of a container and a plurality of hollow fiber permeable membranes built therein to inside of the membranes so as to make the CO2-absorbed liquid permeate the permeable membranes, and lowering a pressure outside the permeable membranes to a level lower than that inside the permeable membranes.

Abstract: The invention concerns an isolation chamber for isolating substances from the ambient while simultaneously maintaining aseptic conditions within the isolation chamber and protecting the operator from potent compounds. The isolation chamber comprises a first container surrounding and defining an isolation space of holding the substances and a second container surrounding the first container. Preferably, the pressure of the isolation space is lower than the pressure of the barrier space.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to an environmental control unit for use in air handling systems that provides highly effective filtration of noxious gases (such as ammonia). Such a filtration system utilizes novel metal-doped silica-based gels to trap and remove such undesirable gases from an enclosed environment. Such gels exhibit specific porosity requirements and density measurements. Furthermore, in order for proper metal doping to take effect, such gels must be treated while in a wet state. The combination of these particular properties and metal dopant permits highly effective noxious gas filtration such that uptake and breakthrough results are attained, particularly in comparison with prior silica gel filtration products. Also included is the presence of an oxidizing agent to aid in capturing nitrous oxide and preventing conversion of such a product to NO. Methods of using and specific filter apparatuses are also encompassed within this invention.

Abstract: This invention provides a high-efficiency parallel plate wet denuder (PPWD) for gas absorption, the absorption surfaces thereof are composed of two hydrophilic porous glass plates on which TiO2 particles are coated and subsequently are irradiated with UV light to form super-hydrophilic surfaces, so that it further enhances the formation of uniform water film and increases gas absorption efficiency. This invention can be used in the manual sampling devices for acidic/basic gases, the gas absorption equipments for acidic/basic gases and gas-particle denuder sampling devices, besides it can also be coupled with an ion chromatograph to make semi-continuous acidic/basic gas-particle monitors.

Abstract: Disclosed are a conductive membrane able to selectively separate carbon dioxide from a gas mixture containing carbon dioxide, a manufacturing method thereof, and a method of separating carbon dioxide using the membrane. The conductive membrane for carbon dioxide separation includes molten carbonate, acting as a carbonate-ion conductor, and oxide, acting as an electronic conductor, and has infinite selectivity for carbon dioxide at high temperatures of 500° C. or more.

Abstract: A system and method for separation of a gas, e.g., carbon dioxide, from a gaseous mixture using a hollow fiber membrane module. The module contains an absorbent solution that is effective in absorbing the gas for an extended period, e.g., eight hours, without regeneration or replacement. The absorbent solution is then regenerated by passing a sweep gas through the hollow fibers in the module. The separation system is particularly useful for fuel cell and battery applications.

Abstract: An immobilized liquid membrane has a substrate. A plurality of capsules is disposed on the substrate. Each of the capsules is permeable to a first gas of a mixture of gasses comprising the first gas and a second gas. Each of the capsules is substantially impermeable to the second gas. A liquid is disposed in each of the capsules that is permeable to the first gas and substantially impermeable to the second gas.

Abstract: A denuder assembly is adapted for the collection and removal of a gaseous analyte from a sample gas. The denuder includes a housing including an internal cavity, a sample gas inlet fluidly coupled with a sample gas source, a denuder liquid inlet fluidly coupled with a denuder liquid source, a barrier sheet extending across the internal cavity and separating the internal cavity into a liquid reservoir and a gas flow-through channel fluidly coupled with and downstream of the sample gas inlet, and a denuder liquid disposed in the liquid reservoir and permeating the barrier sheet to coat the gas-channel surface of the barrier sheet thereby allowing the denuder liquid on the gas-channel surface to contact the sample gas flowing within the gas flow-through channel and allowing the analyte to diffuse through the barrier sheet into the liquid reservoir.

Abstract: A gas/liquid separation element is provided comprising: a frame having an opening therein; waterproof/moisture permeable sheets affixed to both sides thereof so as to cover the opening, whereby the frame and waterproof/moisture permeable sheets define a liquid flow channel; a plurality of ribs arranged over at least the front face of waterproof/moisture permeable sheets and extending between two opposite sides of the frame; and a liquid inlet/outlet portion for liquid feed or liquid outlet, provided at one or more locations in a portion of the frame. Also provided are gas/liquid separators and separation units for use in gas/liquid separation applications such as humidifiers and dehumidifiers.

Abstract: Potassium or other alkali metal formate solution is used to absorb moisture from gas through a membrane. The membrane may be supported on permeable tubes, and the potassium or other alkali metal formate may be regenerated for reuse, preferably by a cavitation regenerator. The potassium or other alkali metal formate should be present as a 40-80% solution, most preferably 70-76%. The process is especially useful for the dehydration of natural gas.

Abstract: A facilitated transport membrane with improved permeance and selectivity to alkene-based unsaturated hydrocarbons is provided. The facilitated transport membrane includes a solid state polymer electrolyte and additionally a non-volatile surfactant that enhances long-term operation stability. In preparing the facilitated transport membrane for separation of alkenes, a porous supporting membrane is coated with a solid polymer electrolyte layer having a non-volatile polymer, a non-volatile surfactant, and a salt of a transition metal capable of complexing selectively and reversibly with alkenes.

Abstract: A method for the separation of carbon dioxide from a gas mixture is described in which a dendrimer selective for carbon dioxide is present in an immobilized liquid membrane, the dendrimer being either in pure form or optionally with at least one solvent, such as but not limited to glycerol, polyethylene glycol, water, refrigerated methanol, NMP, or glycerol carbonate, the latter also having selective carbon dioxide properties as will be described below. In another embodiment, a dendrimer selective for carbon dioxide and capable of forming a film may be used in the method as the membrane itself, optionally with at least one solvent.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for continuously monitoring the operation of electrical equipment and preventing critical operational failures. The invention quantitatively determines the concentrations of gas and/or vapor (including water) components in an insulating fluid on a real time basis. An increase of one or more detected chemical components signifies an actual or potential electrical problem with the equipment. The preferred apparatus consists of a gas extractor, an infrared gas analysis instrument, and a gas diaphragm pump. Gas and water vapor components are extracted from the insulating fluid by permeating through a membrane in a gas extractor. The gas and/or vapor components are then brought into an infrared gas analyzer by the gas diaphragm pump. A quad detector in the analysis instrument identifies and determines the concentration of three specified gases and/or the vapor simultaneously.

Abstract: A method for the separation of carbon dioxide from a gas mixture is described in which a dendrimer selective for carbon dioxide is present in an immobilized liquid membrane, the dendrimer being either in pure form or optionally with at least one solvent, such as but not limited to glycerol, polyethylene glycol, water, refrigerated methanol, NMP, or glycerol carbonate, the latter also having selective carbon dioxide properties as will be described below. In another embodiment, a dendrimer selective for carbon dioxide and capable of forming a film may be used in the method as the membrane itself, optionally with at least one solvent.

Abstract: A membrane module for selective gas separation includes one or more separation units stacked one on the other, and at least one of interposed frame plates or stack-end frame plates. Each separation unit includes a support plate with a separation gas receiving structure and at least one corresponding gas separating membrane. The frame plates having a gas mixture flow chamber structure. Each separating unit and the frame plates contain (1) gas-mixture connecting channel structures in a first and a second side area formed by overlapping openings in the plates and extending in a stacking direction, which are in fluid connection with the gas mixture flow chamber structures; and (2) separation gas connection channel structures in a third and fourth side area, which are in fluid connection with the separation gas receiving structure or structures.

Abstract: A method for removing and preventing discharge into the atmosphere of carbon dioxide from combustion gases and natural gas from installations for production of oil and/or gas, wherein the combustion gas is passed to an absorber containing a solvent, where carbon dioxide is absorbed in the solvent, and the thereby purified combustion gas, largely free of carbon dioxide, is released into the atmosphere, where the CO2 rich solvent is passed to a desorber where CO2 is removed from the solvent, and the thereby largely CO2-free solvent is recycled to the absorber, and the separated CO2 gas is passed to a compression stage for compression and utilization and/or disposal in a suitable manner, where membrane gas/liquid contactors are employed in both the absorber and the desorber, and that an external stripping steam is supplied to the desorber.