Abstract: A process for the formation of phthalocyanine dye images employing palladium nuclei to catalyze the reduction of a leucophthalocyanine to the phthalocyanine dye image by a reducing agent.

Abstract: An image-forming element is disclosed comprised of a support and a coating thereon containing a cobalt(III)complex and a compound containing a conjugated .pi. bonding system capable of forming at least a bidentate chelate with cobalt(III). The coating is predominantly free of anions which will form conjugate acids by deprotonation of a cobalt(II)complex containing the chelating compound. In one preferred form the image-forming element is radiation-sensitive. In this form the image-forming element can contain a photoactivator capable of initiating reduction of the cobalt(III)complex. An imaging process is disclosed in which the coating is exposed to actinic radiation to produce an image. Images can be recorded directly within the image-forming coating or in a separate image-recording element or layer by use of the residual cobalt(III)complex or by use of one or more of the reaction products produced by exposure.

Abstract: A process for the formation of formazan dye images employing nuclei of metals from Groups VIIIB and/or IB of the periodic table to catalyze the reduction of tetrazolium salts to the corresponding formazan dye by a reducing agent.

Abstract: Novel benzophenone derivatives represented by the general formula R.sub.m.sup.1 --C.sub.6 H.sub.5-m --CO--C.sub.6 H.sub.5-n --R.sub.n.sup.2 where R.sup.1 is a halogen atom, a monovalent C.sub.1-10 hydrocarbon, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, amino, or dialkylamino group, R.sup.2 is an unsubstituted or organosiloxy-substituted organosilyl group, and m and n are each integers from 1 to 5. The benzophenone derivatives are useful as photosensitizers for making photo-curable compositions by blending with photo polymerizable resins, especially photopolymerizable organosilicon resins. Such photo-curable organosilicon resin compositions are further useful for making dry-planographic printing plates comprising non-image areas formed from the polymerized and cured layers of the composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to light-sensitive photographic material with a light-sensitive heavy metal compound, e.g. a silver halide, and a spectral sensitizer. The spectral sensitizer is a compound in which the radicals of a sensitizing dyestuff are covalently bonded to amino, imino, hydroxyl, mercapto, carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid amide groups of a natural hydrophilic colloid, preferably gelatin.The invention also relates to new sensitizing dyes which are dinuclear cyanine dyes or merocyanine dyes which have attached either to a heterocyclic nucleus of the dye or to its methine chain a group which is reactive with a hydrophilic colloid.

Abstract: A method of optically printing conductive characters using charge transfer compounds is provided. The method is characterized by depositing an organic .pi. electron donor compound dissolved in a halogenated hydrocarbon (halocarbon) on a suitable substrate and selectively exposing the so coated substrate to actinic radiation to obtain a permanent, highly conductive, image.

Abstract: A light-sensitive vesicular imaging composition comprising a vesiculating agent which liberates gas upon exposure to activating radiation, and a binder which is a sulfonamide polymer having the sulfur-nitrogen linkage either in the polymer chain or as a pendant moiety. The composition is coated as a thin film. Imagewise irradiation of the element causes gas bubbles to be released in the exposed areas, which bubbles may be developed by overall heating to a visible record.

Abstract: New spirodipyrans of the formula ##STR1## in which A is an optionally substituted benzene or naphthalene nucleus, B is dimethylene, trimethylene or tetramethylene substituted by from 1 to 3 alkyl groups and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are each alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by cyano. The compounds (I) give deep blue to violet colorations with acid materials. They may be used for the manufacture of pressure-sensitive recording materials. The compounds (I) exhibit improved solubility in the solvents used for the manufacture of microcapsules.

Abstract: A recording process using at least one organic compound capable of exhibiting two or more different physical forms at the same temperature which may be converted to one another, and irradiating the organic compound with electromagnetic waves, and thereafter, converting in either the irradiated portion of the organic compound or the non-irradiated portion thereof, the physical form in existence before the irradiation with the electromagnetic waves to another physical form.

Abstract: Holographic storage materials are disclosed including lithium niobate in the form of a single crystal added with either from 0.001 to 3.0 molar percent of iridium or from 0.01 to 1.0 molar percent of uranium for the three dimensional holography.

Abstract: A photosensitive composition comprising a mixture of cadmium iodide and cuprous iodide is useful in photographic elements. The elements are imagewise exposed to radiation and conventionally developed to form an image.

Abstract: A method for forming an image, which comprises subjecting an image-recording material comprising a metal layer and an inorganic material layer to imagewise exposure by application of electromagnetic radiation, and then heating the exposed material to cause a thermal doping of the unexposed area of the metal layer. This method permits the formation of negative-positive type images. The product finds a wide range of valuable industrial applications, for example, as an ordinary image-recording material, laser recording material, electron beam recording material or microrecording material, and also for producing a print-wiring plate, relief metal plate for relief and lithographic printing, or a master for electrostatic printing.

Abstract: Non-conductive real images are formed on substrates by depositing reducible metal salt compositions thereon from an aqueous acidic solution of pH 1.5-5 containing bromide ions and exposing the coated substrates to radiant energy to reduce the metal salt to metallic nuclei and to produce a real image of metal, which is intensified and built up by electroless metal deposition. The metal salt composition can either be selectively deposited and then exposed, or uniformly deposited and then selectively exposed, to produce the real image.

Abstract: Sensitizing processes and the resulting new articles of manufacture, suitable for the production of metallized bodies, such as printed circuits, dials, nameplates, metallized plastics, glass, ceramics and the like, comprising bases coated with a halide containing aqueous sensitizing solution of pH 1.5-4.0 that deposits a layer of copper, nickel, cobalt or iron salts or salt compositions, which on exposure to radiant energy, such as heat, light, etc., is converted to a layer of metal nuclei which is non-conductive, but which is capable of catalyzing the deposition of metal onto the base from an electroless metal deposition solution in contact with the metal nuclei.

Abstract: A photo-sensitive etchant comprising (1) a first composition comprising a substance capable of producing water upon exposure to light, a binder and a solvent and (2) a second composition comprising a compound capable of producing, upon exposure to light, a metal-etching substance or a substance which reacts with another other substance to form a metal-etching product, a binder and a solvent; and a method for forming metal image by using the photosensitive etchant.

Abstract: A novel copper (I) complex having the formulaCu[P(OR).sub.3 ].sub.n BH.sub.3 CNwherein R is lower alkyl and n is an integer from 1 to 3 is employed as an actinic radiation sensitive component in an imaging process comprising imagewise exposing a support carrying the copper (I) complex to actinic radiation and developing an image in a chemical or physical development bath. The complex has excellent speed and may be handled under room light conditions prior to development.

Abstract: The use of photosensitive nitrones in an imageformation system, if desired with auxiliary compounds for intensifying the photolytically formed image or for improving the fixing of the image, wherein the image is fixed by the use of heat.

Abstract: Chromophore-substituted vinyl-halomethyl-s-triazine compounds are provided capable of free-radical generation upon excitation with radiation having a wavelength of from about 330 to about 700 millimicrons.

Abstract: Polymeric matrices such as poly(vinylchloride) and poly(methylmethacrylate) loaded with mixtures of an organopolyselenide characterized by the formula:R.sub.1 -- (Se).sub.n -- R.sub.2and an organomercury compound characterized by the formula:R.sub.3 --Hg--R.sub.4form the basis for high resolution and contrast microimaging film systems. Irradiation of these films with activating radiation results in dark images in light struck areas and colorless background. The microimaging film is a negative working system with add-on reimaging capability. The images are stable to projection in conventional slide projection systems.

Abstract: A method of forming a hydrophobic surface is disclosed. The method comprises coating a substrate surface with a stable aqueous colloidal solution, formed by a controlled hydrolysis and nucleation reaction, comprising insoluble hydrous oxide particles of an element selected from Be, In, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Tl, Cu, Zn, Sn and mixtures thereof. The coated surface is then exposed to a source of ultraviolet radiation having a wavelength ranging from 1800A to 3300A to render exposed surface regions hydrophobic.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon polymer, such as high density polyethylene, is rendered photodegradable through the introduction into the polymer chain of photosensitive >C= O groups by reacting the polymer with a compound such as NOCl in the heterogeneous phase in an acid environment so that - NO groups are introduced into the polymer chain which are converted into >N--OH groups and then subjecting the resultant polymer to hydrolysis so that the >N--OH groups are converted into photosensitive >C = O groups.

Abstract: Chromophore-substituted vinyl-halomethyl-s-triazine compounds are provided capable of free-radical generation upon excitation with radiation having a wavelength of from about 330 to about 700 millimicrons.

Abstract: A method of forming an image comprising imagewise exposing a sulfur based-photosensitive member comprising a support having thereon a thin layer mainly comprising a sulfur which is physically changeable on absorbing the energy of light, to thereby produce a difference in respect to solvent solubility, powder adhering property, or sublimation between the exposed area and the non-exposed area and then selectively utilizing the difference between the exposed area and the non-exposed area to form an image, i.e., removing an area of higher solubility by dissolving the area with a solvent, adhering a toner only on an area of higher powder adhering property, or subliming only an area of higher sublimation property.

Abstract: A method of forming a hydrophobic surface is disclosed. The method comprises coating a substrate surface with a stable aqueous colloidal solution, formed by a controlled hydrolysis and nucleation reaction, comprising insoluble hydrous oxide particles of an element selected from Be, In, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Tl, Cu, Zn, Sn and mixtures thereof. The coated surface is then exposed to a source of ultraviolet radiation having a wavelength ranging from 1800A to 3300A to render exposed surface regions hydrophobic.

Abstract: This invention involves an imaging process in which a light image is projected onto a photosensitive medium having a layer capable upon light exposure of directly generating nuclei of a metal more noble than silver, such as palladium, which metal is catalytic to the electroless deposition of a non-noble metal, and thereafter selectively providing non-noble free metal onto the noble metal nuclei by electroless deposition, thereby providing a visible print of the original light image. The photosensitive layer in such media may comprise a compound of a metal more noble than silver and a photosensitive composition which can generate upon light exposure a reducing agent for said noble metal. In another embodiment, the photosensitive layer may contain a photoreducible metal salt which, upon light exposure, generates nuclei of a metal more noble than silver.

Abstract: A light and heat sensitive composition useful particularly in photographic reproduction, the composition comprising a combination of an electron donative material, such as a .pi.-base and an electron acceptive material such as a .pi.-acid both dispersed in an aqueous dispersion medium in the form of discrete particles, at least one of the electron donative and electron acceptive materials being capable of polymerization upon irradiation by actinic light or an actinic corpuscular ray and the materials producing a colored charge transfer complex under predetermined heating conditions.

Abstract: Photosensitive polymers and their process of preparation which can be crosslinked by a vinyl polymerization initiated by photochemical means and which are derived from the reaction of polymers containing zerewitinoff-active hydrogen atoms with N-methylol compounds or with N-Methylol ethers of acrylamides or substituted acrylamides. The modified polymers optionally in admixture with other vinyl group containing monomers are useful for purposes such as photosensitive copying layers, coatings and molded articles.

Abstract: A method of forming patterns on a semiconductor element is disclosed comprising the steps of (a) depositing a coating of silicon nitride, borosilicate glass, or phosphosilicate glass on the surface of a semiconductor substrate, (b) applying a photosensitive etching solution layer to the coating and drying it, (c) irradiating the substrate with ultraviolet radiation through a photomask having a required pattern to decompose the photosensitive solution and etch the coating, and (d) removing the photosensitive solution, the decomposed material, and the reaction product of the decomposed material and the coating with an organic solvent. The photosensitive etching solution consists of a compound which may be decomposed by light to a material which etches the coating, or a compound obtained from the reaction between the photodecomposed material and other material in the solution which etches said coating.

Abstract: Photosensitive sheet material, containing an acid-cleavable adduct of an image-forming first reactant and a reaction inhibitor together with a photolyzable source of halogen acid, which upon exposure to a light-image liberates said first reactant for reaction with a second reactant to produce a visible image, contains a controlled small amount of an acid acceptor for reducing backgrounding and increasing contrast in the resulting print.

Abstract: Photochromic lithium niobate crystals containing iron and either manganese or copper are useful for recording phase holograms in the photosensitive state of the crystals, which holograms can be permanently fixed and read out without loss in the quality of the image obtained therefrom over extended periods.

Abstract: A pattern capable of reducing thereon a precious metal is generated on a suitable substrate by first coating selected portions of the substrate with a solution, called a photopromoter, which contains a metal salt. The metal salt possesses two characteristics:(a) the oxidation state of the salt (i.e., of the metal ion) is alterable (either increasable or decreasable) by exposure of the salt to radiation of the proper wavelength; and(b) in either the original or the altered oxidation state (but not in both states) the salt is capable of reducing a precious metal, e.g., a metal of the platinum group such as palladium, platinum or rhodium, from a salt thereof.The photopromoter-coated substrate is next selectively exposed to the proper wavelength radiation to produce a pattern of the photopromoter salt capable of reducing the precious metal. The remainder of the salt is incapable of reducing the precious metal.