Abstract: Elongated molecules are stretched across a substrate by controlled fluid flow.

Abstract: The invention provides labels for electronic detection of individual molecules. The labels are comprised of elements with different electrical properties that affect the electric current flowing through a nanoelectrode. The labels are of polymeric or filamentous structure where the elements are arranged linearly along their length. The arrangement of the elements is predetermined and combinatorial, so that a high diversity of labels can be generated in a manner that resembles barcoding on a nanoscale level. Methods for the synthesis of said barcode labels and for the binding of the barcode labels to individual molecules, their movement past a nanoelectrode, and their detection are also provided.

Abstract: A fluorescence analyzing method includes the steps of irradiating a board, to which oligonucleotide is fixed, with light for fluorescence measurement; focusing produced fluorescence to form an image; and detecting the fluorescence with a two-dimensional sensor. Here, the board is provided with plural regions to which the oligonucleotide is fixed, and the plural regions are spaced apart from one another on the board substantially equidistantly in the vertical and horizontal directions. A fluorescent image is detected in a condition where the following equation is satisfied: dd=ds×M/n where ds denotes the interval between the regions, M denotes the imaging magnification of an optical focusing/imaging system, dd denotes the pixel pitch of the two-dimensional sensor, and n denotes an integer (n=1, 2, 3, 4, 5).

Abstract: A method for patterning a one or more biomolecules on a substrate that includes coating the substrate with a coating of the one or more biomolecules, applying a laser to the coating, and ablating a portion of the one or more biomolecules with the laser in a predetermined pattern.

Abstract: Provided is a polynucleotide dendrimer having a single unique binding site for binding a target molecule, thereby permitting stoichiometric quantification of the dendrimer-bound target molecule. The dendrimer of the invention is useful in conjunction with various methods for detecting, and optionally quantifying, nucleic acids, proteins, polysaccharides, organic compounds, or antigens, among others.

Abstract: Methods and articles for analyzing nucleotide sequences of nucleic acid molecules, e.g., using multiple probes per spot of an array, are described. In some embodiments, the methods and articles can reduce the numbers of arrays necessary to probe regions of interest in a biological sample, and/or increase the resolution at which biological events are probed. In some cases, these methods exploit the vertical aspect of an array in order to decrease the number of arrays or spots required for an assay. These probes may be in the form of compound probes, which comprise at least first and second probes, including first and second nucleotide sequences capable of hybridizing to first and second target nucleotide sequences, respectively, in a nucleic acid molecule of interest.

Abstract: A structure and method for improving the spatial resolution of a scanning probe microscope (SPM) tip, which has been coated with a layer of chemically-synthesized nanoparticles. The nanoparticles are either single-species or heterogeneous, such that the single-species nanoparticles can be either ferromagnetic, paramagnetic, superparamagnetic, antiferromagnetic, ferrimagnetic, magneto-optic, ferroelectric, piezoelectric, superconducting, semiconducting, magnetically-doped semiconducting, insulating, fluorescent, or chemically catalytic. The layer of nanoparticles is at least two nanoparticles thick, or alternatively, is a single layer of nanoparticles thick, or alternatively, is a single layer of nanoparticles thick and covers only the tip apex portion of the tip, or alternatively, only a single nanoparticle is affixed to the tip apex. Alternatively, the layer of nanoparticles is transformed into an electrically-continuous magnetic film by annealing at a high temperature.

Abstract: A method of detecting a target nucleic acid sequence comprising providing a stem-and-loop structured nucleic acid for measurement wherein the nucleic acid comprises complementary sequence portions located at both terminals and a target sequence portion therebetween as well as a double-stranded portion formed by hybridization of the complementary sequence portions located at both terminals and a remaining looped single-stranded portion, providing a probe nucleic acid having a sequence complementary to the target sequence portion wherein one end of the probe nucleic acid being immobilized to a solid substrate surface, reacting the nucleic acid for measurement with the probe nucleic acid to specifically hybridize the target sequence portion of the nucleic acid for measurement to the probe nucleic acid, and detecting presence or absence of the nucleic acid for measurement hybridized to the probe nucleic acid.

Abstract: Methods and kits for gene expression analysis are disclosed. The methods utilize element-tagged oligonucleotides as probes which are subsequently analyzed by elemental analysis. Also disclosed are methods and kits for the analysis of biological molecules using element labeled supports such as beads, followed by elemental analysis. The elemental analysis can be done using ICP-MS.

Abstract: A pattern transfer method includes providing a substrate, forming a first biomaterial over the substrate, exposing the first biomaterial to a pattern writing agent in a manner consistent with a pattern to be transferred, forming a second biomaterial over the first biomaterial, wherein the second biomaterial reacts and bonds with portions of the first biomaterial not exposed to the pattern writing agent, and does not react and bond with portions of the first biomaterial exposed to the pattern writing agent.

Abstract: A molecular analysis device comprises a molecule sensor and a nanopore that passes through, partially through, or substantially near the molecule sensor. The molecule sensor may comprise a single electron transistor including a first terminal, a second terminal, and a nanogap or at least one quantum dot positioned between the first terminal and the second terminal. The molecular sensor may also comprise a nanowire that operably couples a first and a second terminal. A nitrogenous material that may be disposed on at least part of the molecule sensor is configured for a chemical interaction with an identifiable configuration of a molecule. The molecule sensor develops an electronic effect responsive to a molecule or responsive to a chemical interaction.

Abstract: A system and method are provided to detect target analytes based on magnetic resonance measurements. Magnetic structures produce distinct magnetic field regions having a size comparable to the analyte. When the analyte is bound in those regions, magnetic resonance signals from the sample are changed, leading to detection of the analyte.

Abstract: A structure and method for forming single-stranded DNA segments/single-wall carbon nanotube complexes and a method of preparing single-stranded DNA segments. The method for forming single-stranded DNA segments/single-wall carbon nanotube complexes including: attaching single-stranded DNA segments to single-wall carbon nanotubes to form single-stranded DNA segment/single-wall carbon nanotube complexes, each of the single-stranded DNA segments having a same length of greater than 2,000 bases.

Abstract: Described herein are methods for detecting conformational changes in bioentities.

Abstract: A particulate fluorescent conjugated polymer surfactant complex and method of making and using same. The particles are between about 15 and about 50 nm and when formed from a lipsome surfactant have a charge density similar to DNA and are strongly absorbed by cancer cells.