Abstract: An electrosurgical device is provided that includes a probe extending in a longitudinal direction and having a proximal region and a distal region. An inner diameter of the probe defines a lumen. The probe has an electrically insulated portion extending from the proximal region to the distal region and an electrically exposed conductive portion located at the distal region. The electrically exposed conductive portion delivers radiofrequency energy to an area of tissue adjacent the distal region. The device also includes a heat transfer system for removing thermal energy from the area of tissue that is in thermal contact with the area of tissue. The heat transfer system removes from about 0.1 Watts to about 50 Watts of energy from the tissue. In addition, the heat transfer system can sufficiently draw heat away from the tissue without the use of a peristaltic pump for circulating a liquid inside the lumen.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and computer-readable medium configured to transport a constituent of fluid sample that binds to a functionalized magnetic particle. The apparatus includes a substrate connected to an input port, a magnetic nanowire, and either a temporally changing magnetic field generator or a spin-polarized current source. The magnetic nanowire is disposed in a surface of the substrate. The width and thickness of the magnetic nanowire are configured so that a domain wall propagating along the nanowire in response to the temporally changing magnetic field continuously couples to a superparamagnetic particle introduced into the input port.

Abstract: A method for making a carbon nanotube composite film is provided. A PVDF is dissolved into a first solvent to form a PVDF solution. A number of magnetic particles is dispersed into the PVDF solution to form a suspension. A carbon nanotube film is immersed into the suspension and then transferred into a second solvent. The carbon nanotube film structure is transferred from the second solvent and dried to form the carbon nanotube composite film.

Abstract: A nanomagnet having widely tunable anisotropy is disclosed. The disclosed nanomagnet is a magnetic particle with a convex shape having a first magnetically easy axis. The convex shape is modified to include at least one concavity to urge a second magnetically easy axis to form substantially offset from the first magnetically easy axis. In at least one embodiment, the convex shape is also modified to include at least one concavity to urge a second magnetically easy axis to form with a magnetic strength substantially different from the first magnetically easy axis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to aerosols containing magnetic particles, wherein the aerosols comprise magnetic particles and a pharmaceutical active agent. The invention furthermore relates to the use of such aerosols containing magnetic particles for directed magnetic field-guided transfer of the active agents contained therein in aerosol therapy.

Abstract: A method of magnetic imaging at long detection ranges. In one embodiment the method comprises introducing a magnetic sample having magnetic particles into a detection field; detecting weak magnetic field signals of the magnetic particles; forming an image from the detected signals; and determining the location and quantity amount of the magnetic particles. The method further comprises introducing a magnetic sample to a human or other organism's body.

Abstract: Apparatus for transmitting and receiving information using one or more quantum-entangled particles. The apparatus may include a first substrate including a first row of quantum dots and a second substrate including a second row of quantum dots. The apparatus may also include a beam splitter configured to inject a first particle into a first quantum dot and to inject a second particle into a second quantum dot. A physical property of the first particle may be in a quantum-entangled state with a physical property of the second particle. The apparatus may further include a first wave source configured to move the first particle along the first row of quantum dot, and a second wave source configured to move the second particle along the second row of quantum dots.

Abstract: This invention relates to magnetic resonance-based sensors and related methods.

Abstract: The present invention uses externally applied electromagnetic stimulus to control and heat porous magnetic particles and material associated with the particles. The particles contain magnetic material, such as superparamagnetic iron oxide and are infused with a material. Application of a DC magnetic field allows them to be moved with their infused material, and application of an AC RF electromagnetic field allows them to be heated with their infused material. The material can be infused into pores of the particles and the particles can also adhere to an aqueous droplet. The present invention also provides a multi-layer porous magnetic particle. The particle includes a host layer having pores sized to accept magnetic nanoparticles. Magnetic nanoparticles are infused within pores of the host layer. An encoding layer includes pores that define a spectral code. The pores in the encoding layer are sized to substantially exclude the magnetic nanoparticles.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic graphene includes at least one antidot such that the ferromagnetic graphene has ferromagnetic characteristics. A spin valve device includes a ferromagnetic graphene. The ferromagnetic graphene includes a first region, a second region, and a third region. At least one antidot is formed in each of the first region and the third region. The first region and the third region are ferromagnetic regions, whereas the second region is a non-ferromagnetic region.

Abstract: Systems and method for releasing a biological factor in a tissue or organ are disclosed. The system includes one or more nanoparticles distributed in the tissue or organ, the nanoparticles including the biological factor; and a magnetic field generator configured to generate a magnetic field at a first frequency and to apply to the tissue or organ the magnetic field at the first frequency thereby causing at least some of the biological factor to be released from each of the nanoparticles into the tissue or organ.

Abstract: A method for producing an electrical component which includes at least two electrical contacts and nanoparticles which are arranged on a substrate and which are made of an electrically conductive material, nanoparticles made of a magnetic material and/or nanoparticles made of a magnetisable material, an ink containing the nanoparticles and/or nanoparticles surrounded by a cover, wherein the nanoparticles are deposited on the substrate according to a printing method.

Abstract: A nanomagnetic flip-flop, or register. The nanomagnetic register receives a signal from an input signal nanomagnet on a first clock cycle, and provides the input to an output signal nanomagnet on a second clock cycle. The input signal nanomagnet and the output signal nanomagnet are arranged on a substrate. Each of the signal nanomagnets has an easy axis and a hard axis that are substantially in a signal plane. A register nanomagnet is arranged on the substrate between the input signal nanomagnet and the output signal nanomagnet. The register nanomagnet has an easy axis and a hard axis that are substantially in a register plane. The register plane is not coplanar with the signal plane.

Abstract: A magnetometer includes a tapered microfiber having a curved portion, an excitation laser in optical communication with the tapered microfiber, and a nanocrystal attached to the curved portion of the tapered microfiber. Laser light emitted from the excitation laser interacts with the nanocrystal to create an emitted photon flux which is monitored to detect a magnetic field passing through the nanocrystal.

Abstract: The invention provides porous particles that produce a predetermined optical response and that may be manipulated magnetically. A preferred particle of the invention has a porous structure that produces a predetermined optical response and magnetic material adhered to the particle. Another preferred particle is amphiphilic. The optical response provided by a particle of the invention enables particles of the invention to be used in sensing, labeling, signaling, display and many other applications. The magnetic nature of the present magnetic particles permits the particles themselves to be manipulated, e.g., vibrated, moved and re-oriented. The porous particles can also be used to control, move, and/or deliver small volumes of liquids and solids associated with the particles.

Abstract: This invention provides a system and method that improves the sensitivity and localization capabilities of Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) by using combinations of time-varying and static magnetic fields. Combinations of magnetic fields can be used to distribute the signals coming from the magnetic particles among the harmonics and other frequencies in specific ways to improve sensitivity and to provide localization information to speed up or improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of imaging and/or eliminate the need for saturation fields currently used in MPI. In various embodiments, coils can be provided to extend the sub-saturation region in which nanoparticles reside; to provide a static field offset to bring nanoparticles nearer to saturation; to introduce even and odd harmonics that can be observed; and/or to introduce combinations of frequencies for more-defined observation of signals from nanoparticles.

Abstract: The invention relates to nanoparticles of noble metals, having a controlled microstructure which leads to the appearance of ferromagnetic behaviour in said nanoparticles, thereby enabling the use of very small magnets (<5 nm) in a range in which standard ferromagnetic metals behave as superparamagnetic entitles (disappearance of hysteresis cycle). The inventive nanoparticles can be used, for example, to reduce the dimensions in magnetic recordings, as well as in biomedicine as tools for biomolecule recognition, nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, drug-release control or hypothermia treatments.

Abstract: A nanowire magnetic sensor includes an array of magneto-resistive (MR) nanosensors with each MR nanosensor including a set of MR nanowires that are all aligned in the same position for one direction. The substrate can be a flexible substrate bent into a circular configuration for compass applications. A plurality of individual nanosensors can be connected into resistive Wheatstone bridge configurations by metallization.

Abstract: A nanowire magnetic sensor and position sensor for determining the position of a magnetic object and direction of magnetic field is disclosed herein. The magnetic compass includes a number of magnetic nanosensor printed on a flexible substrate, which covers 360-degree angle at equal intervals. Each magnetic nanosensor generally includes magneto-resistive nanowires with high magnetic sensitivity printed in sets e.g. of ten on the flexible substrate. The flexible substrate can also be bent to form a circular configuration to detect the azimuth direction of the magnetic field. The individual nanosensors can be connected into resistive Wheatstone bridge configurations by metalization. The magnetic nanosensors can be utilized as a position sensor of a magnetic object for position determination. Additional electronics can also be mounted or printed on the flexible substrate from other type of nanowires.

Abstract: The subject of the invention is superparamagnetic nanoparticle probes based on iron oxides, to advantage magnetite or maghemite, with modified surface, coated with mono-, di- or polysaccharides from the group including D-arabinose, D-glucose, D-galactose, D-mannose, lactose, maltose, dextrans and dextrins, or with amino acids or poly(amino acid)s from the group including alanine, glycine, glutamine, asparagine, histidine, arginine, L-lysine, aspartic and glutamic acid or with synthetic polymers based on (meth)acrylic acid and their derivatives selected from the group containing poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide), poly(N,N-dimethylmethacrylamide), poly(N,N-diethylacrylamide), poly(N,N-diethylmethacrylamide), poly(N-isopropylacrylamide), poly(N-isopropylmethacrylamide), which form a colloid consisting of particles with narrow distribution with polydispersity index smaller than 1.3, the average size of which amounts to 0.5-30 nm, to advantage 1-10 nm, the iron content is 70-99.9 wt. %, to advantage 90 wt.

Abstract: A thin-film device for detecting the variation of intensity of physical quantities, in particular a magnetic field, in a continuous way, comprises an electrical circuit including one or more sensitive elements, which are designed to vary their own electrical resistance as a function of the intensity of a physical quantity to be detected. One or more of the sensitive elements comprise at least one nanoconstriction, and the nanoconstriction comprises at least two pads made of magnetic material, associated to which are respective magnetizations oriented in directions substantially opposite to one another and connected through a nanochannel. The nanochannel is able to set up a domain wall that determines the electrical resistance of the nanoconstriction as a function of the position, with respect to the nanochannel, of the domain wall formed in the sensor device.

Abstract: An inductor includes an electrical conductor wound in a magnetic flux concentrating pattern, the electrical conductor comprises a plurality of carbon nanotubes that are substantially aligned with an axis along a center of the electrical conductor.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic head in which symmetry of a reproduction waveform output is increased and its spread is decreased without decreasing the reproduction output. The film thickness of the distal end of the hard bias layer providing a bias magnetic field to the free layer is 11 nm or more, or the distance between the distal end section of the hard bias layer and the free layer is 5 nm or more to 14 nm or less. Alternatively, the relationship between the saturation magnetization Ms_f of the free layer and saturation magnetization Ms_b of the hard bias layer satisfies the condition: Ms_f?0.8*Ms_b.