Abstract: A system for stabilizing optical tape passing in front of one or more optical pickup units (OPUs) in an optical tape drive. The system includes at least one stabilizing apparatus having a pair of stabilizing members (e.g., partially convex members placed proximate each other) located opposite at least one OPU along the path of a length of optical tape. Each stabilizing member has a support portion (e.g., crown) over which the optical tape passes as the tape is being written to or read by the OPU. The support portion of one stabilizing member is spaced from the support portion of the other stabilizing member by a depression or recess over which the optical tape passes as it moves between the first and second support members. The OPU may direct laser beams at a relatively short, planar span of unsupported optical tape over the depression as part of read/write operations.

Abstract: A disk drive comprises a drive enclosure defining a generally rectangular form factor; an electromechanical assembly contained within the drive enclosure, and a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) at least partially contained within the drive enclosure. The drive enclosure possesses at least one of the following characteristics: the drive enclosure defines chamfers on at least one of four corners of the generally rectangular form factor; and the drive enclosure defines a first surface and a second surface that defines an interior second surface portion and a peripheral second surface portion and wherein the interior second surface portion is further away from the first surface than is the peripheral second surface portion.

Abstract: There is provided a library apparatus that including a storage rack configured to store a plurality of storage media, a recording-reproducing device configured to perform writing of data to the storage media and reading of data from the storage media, a first movement device configured to include, a first attachment-detachment mechanism that inserts a storage medium to and extracts the storage medium from the storage rack or the recording-reproducing device, a first driving unit that supplies first driving force to the first attachment-detachment mechanism, and a first coupling unit that transmits second driving force to the first attachment-detachment mechanism, and a second movement device configured to include, a second coupling unit that transmits third driving force to the first coupling unit when the second coupling unit is coupled with the first coupling unit, and a second driving unit that supplies fourth driving force to the second coupling unit.

Abstract: In one embodiment of a data storage device, the inside of its housing 111 is divided into first and second spaces 1 and 2 by a chassis 110. The data storage device includes at least one optical pickup 104 that writes data on a storage medium and a heat radiating member 109 which is thermally coupled to the optical pickup 104 to transfer the heat generated by the optical pickup 104. The optical pickup 104 and the heat radiating member 109 are arranged in the first and second spaces 1 and 2, respectively.

Abstract: In an optical disk device (1), the generation of noises can be avoided even when a pressure or any other stress is applied to the wall of the housing (50) of the optical disk device, and the wall of the housing is caused to come into contact with a disk retaining assembly (11) of the optical disk device that may be rotating. A shaft (32) projecting centrally from the optical disk retaining assembly and the opposing wall of the housing is provided with a spherical tip (32a) at a free end thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a library device in which the space to enlarge the magazine can be secured to the rear side of the library device. The library device includes power supply means for supplying electricity to the library device, medium housing means which can house a plurality of computer-readable media, medium reading/writing means for reading/writing data from/to the medium, medium conveying means for conveying the medium between the medium housing means and the medium reading/writing means, control means for controlling operation of the library device and first connection means to which the power supply means and the control means can be electrically connected when these means are installed and from which the power supply means and the control means can be disconnected when these means are extracted.

Abstract: An optical drive installation device including: a support frame that disposes a removable optical drive to an installation position; a lock mechanism that has a locking member which can move to a locked position preventing the optical drive from being removed or an unlocked position not interfering with the optical drive being removed, and supports the optical drive at the installation position of the support frame when the locking member is set to the locked position; an unlocking mechanism that releases the lock mechanism from the locked position; and a pushing member that pushes the optical drive in the direction in which the optical drive is removed from the installation position.

Abstract: An optical disk player includes a main body, a cover engaging with the main body, a pivot module, and a deceleration module. The pivot module includes a torsion spring, two ends of the torsion spring being fixed on the main body and the cover respectively. The deceleration module includes a first deceleration portion arranged on the main body and a second deceleration portion arranged on the pivot module. The first deceleration portion contacts the second deceleration portion and frictional forces therebetween reduces the speed of opening the cover.

Abstract: Improved hard disk drives of the invention comprise a composite housing, wherein the composite housing comprises a base and a cover, wherein at least a portion of the composite housing comprises a laminate of at least one rigid plastic layer and at least one metal coating. Methods for forming the same are also disclosed.

Abstract: A disk drive assembly of the invention comprises: a hard disk drive; a base; and a cover, wherein the base and the cover are mechanically coupled without using essentially any discrete mechanical fasteners to form an enclosed housing comprising internal hard disk drive components between the base and the cover and to irreversibly hermetically seal the hard disk drive. Methods for forming such disk drive assemblies are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a disc drive including a main chassis, and a tray, which may receive a disc thereon, and is arranged to slide into and out of the main chassis. The tray includes a pickup transporting unit which linearly moves a pickup base in a radial direction of the disc and includes a step motor and a lead screw. The lead screw includes a plurality of sections with different diameters.

Abstract: A housing member for use in a disk drive apparatus includes a rectangular bottom portion and a side wall portion arranged to extend upward from an outer circumferential portion of the bottom portion. The side wall portion includes four outside surfaces including a first outside surface and a second outside surface perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the first outside surface. The first outside surface includes a first cutting base region. The second outside surface includes a second cutting base region. The bottom portion includes a bearing fixing portion arranged to fix a bearing mechanism of a motor arranged to rotate a disk.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical disc drive device having a metallic exterior casing and an internal unit to be housed in the exterior casing, the internal unit further including an optical pickup unit for performing recording or reproduction of information signals on an optical disc, and a printed wiring substrate on which a connector electrically connected to the optical pickup unit and serving for transmission and reception of electrical signals from and to external electronic equipment is mounted, wherein the exterior casing has an opening for allowing the connector to be exposed outside, the printed wiring substrate has a ground pattern formed to surround the connector, and a fringe portion of the opening of the exterior casing and the ground pattern are in electrical contact with each other. Thus, radiation noise from around wiring lines contained in the optical disc drive device or the like is reduced.

Abstract: The disk drive device includes a base plate, a hub on which a recording disk is mounted, a shaft bearing unit that is arranged on the base plate and that rotatably supports the hub, and a spindle drive unit that drives the hub to rotate. The spindle driving unit includes a stator core having a salient pole, a coil wound around the salient pole, and a magnet opposed to the salient pole. The hub formed of a magnetic material includes an outer cylindrical portion engaged with an inner circumference of the recording disk. A shaft is inserted into a sleeve, and the sleeve, which is of an approximate cylindrical shape, is inserted into a housing as part of the shaft bearing unit. The shaft is fixed to the rotational center of the hub, rotating along the axis together with the hub.

Abstract: A spoiler of a hard disk drive including a body portion coupled with a housing of the hard disk drive and adjacent to a hard disk, and an end portion coupled with the body portion, the end portion comprising a fan-shape, the spoiler extending radially with respect to the hard disk and parallel to a surface of the hard disk, wherein the fan-shape expands outward toward the tip end.

Abstract: An optical disk drive with a protection design against a broken disk comprises the following devices of: a chassis; an upper cover mounted above the chassis and having a bended part on a front end thereof; a tray mounted between the chassis and the upper cover for supporting an optical disk; a faceplate mounted on the front end of the upper cover; a door mounted on the front end of the tray; a double-layered retaining plate having a first retaining plate and a second retaining plate located respectively on both front and rear sides of the bended part.

Abstract: A disk drive integrating an optical disk drive (110) and a solid state disk (40) is provided. The solid state disk (40) is mounted on the exterior of a main chassis (12) of the optical disk drive (110) and connected to a main board (20) of the optical disk drive (110) such that the solid state disk (40) shares an interface (22) of the main board (20). In another implementation, a main board (70) is extended and located in a space corresponding to the bottom of a pick-up base (68) in the inner space (65) of a main chassis (62) and a solid state disk is mounted on the extended main board (70). Accordingly, the solid state disk and the optical disk drive can be mounted together in the existing notebook computer without modifying the interior design of the existing notebook computer to thereby improve portability and user convenience.

Abstract: A carrying section of a disk apparatus includes a pair of arms disposed in a substantially symmetrical relationship with respect to the carrying direction of a disk in the proximity of the opposite ends of an opening formed in a housing such that the arms pivot around end portions thereof adjacent the opening in synchronism with each other in directions toward and away from each other, and a biasing element which biases the arms in a direction in which ends of the arms remote from the opening approach each other. The arms individually have rollers provided thereon which grip and carry the disk to a predetermined position. At least one of the rollers is rotated by the driving member to carry the disk. A controller includes a state decision section which decides a carrying state of the disk and a driving control section which stops, if it is decided that part of the disk is carried out to the outside of the housing, the driving of the driving means in a state wherein the rollers grip the disk.

Abstract: An optical disc reproduction apparatus as an electronic apparatus comprises a display unit which is mounted on a main body unit via a hinge unit, and electrically connected to the main body by electrical wirings. The main body unit comprises a main body case, a hinge connecting portion and a control board which has connectors provided thereon. The hinge connecting portion and the connectors are placed in a housing portion formed in the main body unit, while the housing portion is open facing outward from the main body case. In a state where the main body unit is already assembled, the main body-side joint member of the hinge unit and the electrical wirings are housed into the housing portion to connect the main body-side joint member to the hinge connecting portion, and to connect the electrical wirings to the connectors. This structure increases assembling efficiency of the electronic apparatus.

Abstract: In this disk unit, a tray has an air intake opening formed to extend from an upstream side in a rotational direction of a disk rotated by a rotating portion toward an optical pickup and to extend inward from outside a receiving region from the upstream side toward a downstream side in the rotational direction for incorporating air into the side a receiving surface of the tray from the side of the back surface thereof.

Abstract: When inserted in the slot 150 of the storage unit main body 100, the cartridge-type HDD 200a is situated with the slight clearance between the protrusion 164 of the slot 150 and the upper surface of the cartridge-type HDD 200a. In addition, the protrusion 166 of the slot 150 is loosely fitted in the recess 216 of the cartridge-type HDD 200a.

Abstract: Systems and techniques for self service delivery of content stored on removable media. A self service terminal stores a plurality of titles in a repository, and copies of titles are stored to removable media devices maintained in the self service terminal. In response to a user selection of an available title made during a transaction, a removable media device storing a copy of the selected title is delivered to the user. Anticipated demand is estimated and titles are stored to removable devices as needed to maintain an inventory to meet the estimated demand, including overwriting existing titles already stored on removable media, and overwriting returned media as needed.

Abstract: A electronic device including a mechanism for changing the relative positions of two circuit boards such as in an optical disc drive, in which a flexible printed circuit electrically connecting between the two circuit board changes shape to suppress fluctuations in the transmission characteristics occurring due to contact with metal such as a case, and provides stable signal transmission. A flexible printed circuit is comprised of at least one or more differential lines, a fixed unit affixed to a case at least at one location, a movable unit that changes shape according to the relative positions of two case. The lines adjacent to the differential line are a grounded surface, and the flexible printed circuit is formed to narrow the distance between the movable unit lines more than the distance between the fixed unit lines.

Abstract: The hard disk drive device includes a casing, a hard disk drive unit, and cushioning members interposed between the hard disk drive unit and the inside wall of the casing and adapted to receive stress and absorb impact stress through strain. The cushioning members include a first layer situated towards the inside wall of the hard disk drive unit, a second layer situated towards the hard disk drive unit, and a third layer situated between the first layer and the second layer. The individual materials of the cushioning members are established such that the third layer has lower hardness than the first layer and the second layer, based on JIS K6253 standard.

Abstract: An optical disk drive for improving the snap fit structure of the bezel is provided. The optical disk drive comprises a main body, a top cover and a bezel. The main body further comprises an optical pickup head and a spindle motor. The top cover comprises an aperture. The bezel comprises a snap fit structure for interlocking the aperture. The snap fit structure comprises a snap fit protrusion and a curved surface of the snap fit protrusion is used to engage with the aperture.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for managing a connection cable that is used for interconnecting a small form factor (SFF) portable optical disk drive (ODD) or other similarly configured ODD to an information handling system such as notebook or desktop computer. A retractable fixed connection cable may be provided inside an internal cavity within the external enclosure of a portable ODD apparatus that has an inner chassis with a disk receiving section that is configured to receive an optical disk media and that extends beyond the outer boundary of an electronics section of the inner chassis of an ODD that contains electronic components so as to form a cut-out section that defines the internal cavity between the inner ODD chassis and the inside of an outer ODD enclosure when these components are assembled together.

Abstract: A casing assembling structure of an optical disc drive is provided to comprise a bottom cover; a top cover combined with the bottom cover to form a space, wherein the top cover has a first side wall and a fixing portion, which is extended from the first side wall and is positioned under the bottom cover; and a first screw screwed on the fixing portion, wherein the top cover, the first side wall and the fixing portion are formed as a integral.

Abstract: A holder of a magnetic storage apparatus is suggested that can efficiently absorb the shock when a vibration or shock is applied to the magnetic storage apparatus. A plurality of holding members (first shock absorbing material foam rubber 340 and second shock absorbing material foam rubber 350) that hold at least two corner parts of the magnetic storage apparatus 320 is included. The holding members are configured in a way that a total sum of holding power to hold one of opposite angles of the magnetic storage apparatus 320 and a total sum of holding power to hold the other of opposite angles are different. The first shock absorbing material foam rubber 340 is disposed on one of opposite angles, and the second shock absorbing material foam rubber 350 is disposed on the other of the opposite angles. The first shock absorbing material foam rubber 340 has greater hardness than the hardness of the second shock absorbing material foam rubber 350.

Abstract: A base plate containing aluminum as a main component and an electrically conductive counter plate are bonded together through the medium of an electrically conductive adhesive. Even when an oxide film is formed on the surface of the base plate, electrical continuity between the base plate and the counter plate, which are connected together through the medium of the electrically conductive adhesive, is improved by a process of applying a resistance lowering voltage, which reduces the resistance component due to the oxide film by causing a dielectric breakdown.

Abstract: A hard disk drive enclosure with conductive paths. A base plate comprising an electrically conductive material with at least one contact surface that allows for an electrically conductive path, wherein the at least one contact surface has a substantially flat surface. A cover comprising an electrically conductive material comprising at least one tab with a substantially flat surface for contacting the at least one contact surface of the base plate, wherein the at least one tab contacts the at least one contact surface of the base plate with a force and forms an electrically conductive path between the cover and the based plate, and wherein the at least one tab deforms upon the contact with the at least one contact surface of the base plate with the force.

Abstract: The slot-in disk drive with a jam-proof device includes an upper housing, at least one guiding bar disposed under the upper housing, an end of the guiding bar pivoted to an inner wall of the slot-in disk drive, and a reception end of the guiding bar for guiding and driving an optical disk to slide in/out the slot-in disk drive, and a block disposed on the reception end. The elastic component of the jam-proof device includes a fixing portion fixed on the positioning slot of the reception end and an obstructing portion disposed between the block and the upper housing. The wear-resisting component is disposed on the upper surface of the obstructing portion of the elastic component for contacting the upper housing.

Abstract: The invention allows for restriction of radial and axial movements of a shaft by a simple structure. A shaft supporting structure includes a base (3) provided with a bearing (7), and a first shaft (23) arranged at the bearing (7). The shaft supporting structure further includes a helical torsion spring (4) fitted on the first shaft (23). The base (3) includes a first engagement hole (31a), and a hooked section (74) engaging with first and second arm sections (41, 42) of the helical torsion spring (4), respectively. The helical torsion spring (4) presses the first shaft (23) onto the bearing (7) in a radial direction of the shaft by an elastic force generated by engagement between the first arm section (41) and the first engagement hole (31a) of the base (3), and engagement between the second arm section (42) and the hooked section (74) of the base (3). A portion of the second arm section (42) faces an axial end face of the first shaft (23).

Abstract: A disk sorter for DVDs, CDs or other disks includes a sorter frame. Plural sorting trays are contained in the sorter frame in a multi-level arrangement, respectively have a front tray end and a rear tray end, are inclined downwards toward the front tray end, for containing a disk on a side higher than the front tray end upon reception with the rear tray end. A movable chute structure is disposed behind the rear tray end, movable up or down, inclined downwards toward the rear tray end, for supplying one of the sorting trays with the disk by guiding to the rear tray end. A disk transfer device holds the disk, and places the disk on the chute structure, to transfer to the one sorting tray. Furthermore, a lifting device moves up or down the chute structure, and positions the chute end at the rear tray end.

Abstract: Provided is an optical disk device, including a top case and a bottom case which constitute a housing having a substantially box shape in which: the top case includes, on one side thereof, a hook which engages with the bottom case; the bottom case includes an engaging portion which is provided with a cutout which engages with the hook; and a shielding portion for preventing an air flow passing through the cutout is provided in an inside of the cutout.

Abstract: An adaptation device includes a lower casing member including a connection interface and forming a bottom slot in a front bottom, at least one retention flange on side walls, and pivot receiving holes in rear portions of the side walls. A retention board forms a connection interface receiving opening in a front end, rotation shafts on a rear end, and pawls on a bottom. The shafts are movably received in shaft slots defined in a rotary board. Pivots are formed below the shaft slots for being received in pivot receiving holes defined in the lower casing member. The rotary board has a hold-down plate. With a hard disk drive placed on the retention board and connected to a connection interface, the cover and the rotary board are closed forward to have the hold-down plate holding down the hard disk drive. The cover is then moved backward for fixation.

Abstract: An optical disk drive with a protection design against a broken disk comprises the following devices of: a chassis; an upper cover mounted above the chassis; a tray mounted between the chassis and the upper cover for supporting an optical disk; a faceplate mounted on the front end of the upper cover and having a first inclined plane; a door mounted on the front end of the tray and having a second inclined plane with a gap opposite to the first inclined plane for forming an inclined directed channel between the faceplate and the door.

Abstract: An information storage device includes a disk drive and a disk drive printed circuit board (PCB) with a disk drive interface connector. A bridge controller PCB is connected to the disk drive interface connector, and includes a host interface connector. An electrically conductive nest of monolithic construction receives the disk drive housing and the bridge controller PCB. The electrically conductive nest includes an enclosure portion enclosing the bridge controller PCB with a conductive grounding tab in contact with the host interface connector. The enclosure portion includes a first plurality of conductive fingers each in contact with the disk drive housing. The electrically conductive nest also includes an extended shield portion adjacent the second side of the disk drive base and overlying the disk drive controller PCB. The extended shield portion includes a second plurality of conductive fingers each in contact with the disk drive housing.

Abstract: An optical disc reproducing apparatus includes a body installed at a wall or other mounting apparatus, and an optical disc drive protruding from the body such that an optical disc is inserted into the optical disc drive. The optical disc drive is rotatably installed to the body to protrude forward from the body, so that the optical disc reproducing apparatus is installed regardless of positions of a wall-mount television installed above the optical disc reproducing apparatus.

Abstract: A disk drive according to the present invention includes: a cartridge holder; two guide walls arranged near the holder opening of the cartridge holder; a pair of opening/closing levers that have engaging portions to engage with portions of the cartridge and that turn; lever biasing springs for biasing the opening/closing levers; and an interlocking mechanism that makes the opening/closing levers rotate in synchronization with a clamp holder. The opening/closing levers turn such that when the cartridge starts to be inserted or finishes being ejected, the engaging portions get engaged with the cartridge with a narrower gap left between them than the gap between the guide walls and that when the cartridge gets loaded, the gap between the engaging portions becomes wider than the gap between the guide walls.

Abstract: A foldable portable electronic device, a system and a method for protecting a built-in hard disk thereof are disclosed. The foldable portable electronic device includes a display and a main body. The system includes a trigger, a lid switch, and a logic judgment module. When the foldable portable electronic device is away form a flat surface, the trigger generates a first signal; when the display is folded onto the main body, the lid switch generates a second signal. The logic judgment module determines the method to control and protect the hard disk in accordance with the first signal and the second signal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of motion limiting cover features that improve coil/VCM coupled resonance. The features are flexible in that their position and configuration can be customized to specifically target a certain type of undesirable motion, such as undesirable twisting (i.e., torsion) and/or bending.

Abstract: The invention provides a crack-proof device for an optical disk drive. The crack-proof device includes a casing whereon an opening is formed on a front end. The crack-proof device further includes a plank row extending downward from an upper edge of the opening for blocking the opening partly, a tray disposed inside the casing in a slidable manner, whereon a recession is formed for loading an optical disk, and at least one block wall protruding from an upper surface of the tray and located between an front end of the tray and the recession. When the tray is positioned inside the casing, the block wall and the plank row are staggered for reducing a vertical gap between them.

Abstract: A tray control method for a disk drive including a tray for carrying a disk, a detect switch movable to different inclined positions for detecting different positions of the tray during tray ejection and retraction operation, a firmware for receiving signals transmitted by the detect switch upon reaching the different inclined positions so as to adjust a voltage applied to a DC motor and the speed for moving the tray to the different positions such that the tray moves stably when retracting into and ejecting from the disk drive.

Abstract: An optical disk device has a casing, an insertion slot and a loading mechanism for loading a disk. A shutter is shiftable transversely to an elongate slot shape of the insertion slot, closes the insertion slot partially when in a closed position, and opens the insertion slot when in an open position. A coupling hole is disposed at an end of the shutter with respect to the elongate slot shape. A shift lever moves the coupling hole in a first direction along the elongate slot shape upon shifting of the loading mechanism for loading, and moves the coupling hole in a second direction upon shifting of the loading mechanism for unloading. A cam mechanism shifts the shutter to the closed position when the coupling hole is moved in the first direction, and shifts the shutter to the open position when the coupling hole is moved in the second direction.

Abstract: Disclosed herewith is a library apparatus having plural loading cells, each of which can load at least two articles and using a pushing device that pushes the articles into the loading cell from its opening. And if the moving distance of any of the articles, which is pushed into the loading cell, is smaller than a first moving distance, the library apparatus judges that the loading cell has no loading space.

Abstract: An optical disc drive including a housing, a fixing part, a flexible flat cable and an electronic component is provided. The fixing part is disposed in the housing. The flexible flat cable is disposed in the housing and includes a first and a second portions. The first portion has a component-disposed region whose backside is in contact with the fixing part. The second portion has a conductive surface, and the second portion is connected with and opposite to the first portion. The component-disposed region is located between the fixing part and the conductive surface. Additionally, the first optical disc drive is disposed on the component-disposed region.

Abstract: A disk apparatus includes a chassis, a disk tray and a tray panel unit. The tray panel unit includes a panel main body and a spring body. The spring body has a coil part, a pair of end attachment parts and a middle attachment part. An axial direction of the coil part is aligned with a width direction of the tray panel unit. The pair of end attachment parts extends from both axial ends of the coil part, respectively. The end attachment parts are fixedly coupled to one of the panel main body and a front end part of the disk tray. The middle attachment part is provided to an axial middle portion of the coil part. The middle attachment part is fixedly coupled to the other of the panel main body and the front end part of the disk tray.

Abstract: The invention is to provide a rack structure in an optical disk drive, which is formed integrally by pressing a metal plate. A connecting fixing part is disposed on a body. A brace is formed by bending down a periphery of the body. A convex or a concave trench is pressed near a front end of the body to form a secondary reinforcement. A reinforcement is formed by bending down near the middle of the front end of the body An elastic support is extended from the front end of the reinforcement and bent parallel to the front end of the body. A space is maintained between the elastic support and the body. A horizontal slot is pressed in the middle of the elastic support to form an upper support and a lower support. A first rack is disposed on one end connecting the upper support, of the lower support. The other end of the lower support is extended from the reinforcement to form a bending pivot. A second rack is formed on the other end of the upper support to enhance the engagement with the screw.

Abstract: A disk accommodating device for accommodating a disk includes a housing on which an opening portion for allowing the disk to be accommodated into a disk accommodating section therethrough is formed, and a lid member for closing up the opening portion. The housing has a support portion for supporting a one-end side of the lid member for pivotal motion such that the other end side of the lid member may move toward and away from the housing. The disk accommodating section has an upright piece attached for pivotal motion on the side opposite to the side thereof on which the support portion is provided such that the upright piece engages at one end thereof with the disk accommodating section and at the other end thereof with the lid member so as to be erected uprightly from the disk accommodating section in response to pivotal motion of the lid member.

Abstract: An external storage module includes a case, a storage device disposed in the case and a plurality of shock absorption elements. The case has a first connector and the storage device has a second connector corresponding to the first connector, wherein the second connector suits to electrically connect the first connector. The shock absorption elements are assembled at the sides of the storage device and the outer surface of each shock absorption element press and contact the inner surface of the case, wherein each shock absorption element includes a shock absorption body and a plurality of protruding structures disposed on the inner surface of the shock absorption body. The shock absorption bodies in association with the protruding structures are used to clamp at the sides of the storage device.