Abstract: A method of operating an implement carrying tillage elements in an agricultural field includes traversing the field with the implement while the tillage elements engage soil of the field, detecting a tillage event based on an operating parameter, recording a location of the tillage event with at least one computer, stopping the implement within the field in response to the tillage event, and generating a first representation of the tillage elements engaged with the soil. The first representation is generated with information from at least one sensor. The tillage elements are lifted to disengage the tillage elements from the soil, and a second representation of the tillage elements disengaged from the soil is generated. The implement is backed rearward through the field with the tillage elements disengaged from the soil, and a third representation of a portion of the soil worked by the tillage elements is generated.

Abstract: A method of stacking dethatchers includes pivoting an upper portion of a handle on a first dethatcher toward a front end of a frame on the first dethatcher, upon pivoting the upper portion of the handle toward the front end of the frame, exposing a rear support point defined by a lower portion of the handle, and stacking a second dethatcher on the first dethatcher so that the second dethatcher is supported on the rear support point defined by the lower portion of the handle and a front support point defined by the upper portion of the handle.

Abstract: Optional attachments, such as a drop seeder and a sprayer unit, can be removably attached to the front plate of a turf aerator. The attachment includes a hitch slideably received in a tubular receiver and pinned therein by a pin. A lock is pivotal relative to the attachment from an unlocked position to a locked position with the front plate received in slots of the lock. The lock is pivoted relative to the attachment by a rod which is threadably received in the hitch. Valve openings in a valve plate are aligned or mis-aligned with lower openings formed in a hopper mounted to the hitch by a linear electric actuator. A lever is pivotably mounted to a housing which is removably attached to the chassis of the turf aerator and activates the linear electric actuator and a switch controlling an agitator. A valve is alternately in fluid communication with a spray nozzle mounted relative to the hitch and a spray wand.

Abstract: A weeding device for crops having a seedling avoidance function includes a rack connected to a weeding machine. A hydraulic pump and two hydraulic cylinders are mounted to the rack. Bottom ends of each of the two hydraulic cylinders are provided with a vertically arranged support rod. An inter-row weeder is mounted to a bottom end of each of the two support rods. A slider configured to reciprocate in a horizontal direction is positioned on two slide rails that are mounted to the rack. An inter-plant weeder is mounted to a bottom side of the slider. A plurality of weeder blades are arranged side by side on the inter-plant weeder. At the weeding position, an arrangement direction of weeder blades is perpendicular to an advancing direction, and at the weed avoidance position, the arrangement direction of the weeder blades is parallel to the advancing direction, thereby avoiding crops.

Abstract: An agricultural facility arranged in a plot of farmland includes: a supply and/or maintenance station; an autonomous agricultural device performing an agricultural task in the plot of farmland; a control unit for moving the autonomous agricultural device and the station, which unit is configured to control movement of the autonomous agricultural device within the plot of farmland including a work area in which an agricultural task is performed by the autonomous agricultural device and an area to be worked in which an agricultural task is to be performed by the autonomous agricultural device. The control unit is configured to control movement of the station from the work area to the area to be worked if the autonomous agricultural device moves to perform an agricultural task in the area to be worked, movement of the station being independent from movement of the autonomous agricultural device.

Abstract: An agricultural work assistance system includes a display to display a map representing an agricultural field, and a controller configured or programmed to define or function as an area setter to set a first area and a second area located inward of the first area in the map displayed by the display, and a route creator to create, in at least one of the first area or the second area, a travel route along which an agricultural machine is to travel. The route creator is configured or programmed to set at least a portion of the travel route as an automatic steering route on which the agricultural machine is to be automatically steered and a travel speed of the agricultural machine is to be changed manually.

Abstract: A transport system includes a sensor to sense surroundings of a working machine configured to perform automatic operation, the sensor being provided in or on the working machine, a transport determiner configured or programmed to determine whether it is possible to load the working machine onto and/or unload the working machine from a transport vehicle based on the surroundings of the working machine sensed by the sensor. The transport system includes a communication device provided in or on the working machine and configured or programmed to transmit information relating to loading and/or unloading of the working machine onto and/or from the transport vehicle.

Abstract: A disc assembly for an agricultural implement includes a mounting assembly having a housing and a rotatable shaft configured to be disposed within the housing. The mounting assembly includes a first end cap non-movably coupled to the rotatable shaft, in which the first end cap is configured to engage a longitudinally inward surface of a first disc blade. The mounting assembly also includes a second end cap having a first engagement feature configured to selectively engage a second engagement feature of the rotatable shaft to non-movably couple the second end cap to the rotatable shaft. The second end cap is configured to engage a longitudinally inward surface of a second disc blade, and the second end cap is selectively removable from the rotatable shaft via disengagement of the first and second engagement features to facilitate engagement and disengagement of the rotatable shaft with the longitudinal passage of the housing.

Abstract: Disclosed is an autonomous agricultural carrier vehicle including a frame construction with mounting devices configured to carry and guide at least one agricultural implement; at least two chassis constructions which are mounted on the frame construction; a drive apparatus having a drive train which is coupled to the least two chassis constructions and is configured to specify a driving speed; and a control apparatus and an environment sensor system which is signal-connected and/or signal-connectable to the control apparatus. The chassis constructions are preferably mounted rotatably about at least 90° about vertically oriented axes. Also disclosed is an autonomous agricultural machine in combination with the autonomous agricultural carrier vehicle.

Abstract: An agricultural row unit including a large capacity seed hopper and hopper lid configured for magnetic retention of the lid. Various implementations also include a built-in support stand. The hopper lid and magnetic retention allow for one handed removal and replacement of the hopper lid, increasing overall efficiency.

Abstract: A seeding apparatus includes an implement frame and front and rear frame members are pivotally mounted to the implement and furrow openers mounted to each. In an operating position the front and rear furrow openers are engaged in the ground and separated by an operating distance, and can be raised to an idle position where the furrow openers are above the ground and the front and rear furrow openers are separated by an idle distance that is greater than the operating distance. The implement frame has an inner wing pivotally attached to a center frame, and an outer wing pivotally attached to the inner wing. The inner wing section pivots upward and the outer wing section pivots downward supported by a transport wheel. When in the transport position the inner and outer wing sections extend upward from the center frame section and the transport wheel is above the ground.

Abstract: A display system for a drive-by-wire lawnmower having first and second motors can include first and second operator inputs configured to transmit a first and second motor signals, respectively, first and second displays mounted on the first and second operator inputs, respectively, and a controller. The controller can be configured for electrical communication with the first motor, the second motor, and in electrical communication with the first operator input, the second operator input, the first display, and the second display.

Abstract: A rotary mower blade position synchronization system with first and second rotary mower blades rotated by electric motors. First and second position sensors provide electric motor position signals to first and second control inverters. The control inverters communicate to run a calibrate routine to set the angle of the first rotary mower blade relative to the second rotary mower blade, and a synchronous operation mode to operate the first and second electric motors at rotational speeds that maintain the position of the first rotary mower blade relative to the second rotary mower blade when mowing.

Abstract: A drive-by-wire system can include pair of inputs and a controller configured to process signals from the inputs in a first mode and process the same signals differently in a second mode. The controller can be configured to, in the first mode, drive a first motor at a speed and direction that corresponds to the position of the first input and drive a second motor at a speed and direction that corresponds to the position of the second input and, in the second mode, drive the first motor and the second motor in the same direction and at the same speed using the first drive signal when the controller receives a second neutral signal from the second input, and drive the first motor and the second motor at different speeds and/or directions when the controller receives the first drive signal and the second drive signal.

Abstract: A shielding structure is disposed around a camera of a mower, in a front of a forward direction of the mower. The shielding structure includes a first shielding plate, a second shielding plate, and a third shielding plate. The shielding plates from a lens surface of the camera. The first shielding plate is disposed above the camera to shield sunlight from a top of the camera. The second and third shielding plates are disposed on two sides of the camera to shield sunlight from the two sides of the camera. The shielding plates may be formed unitarily or separately, and they may be removably and/or retractably attached to the mower. The shielding plates may be arranged so that the shielding structure flares outwardly in the downward direction.

Abstract: A gang reel mower has a hybrid engine, generator and battery pack electric power system driving a pair of electric wheel motors for propelling the mower and for driving individual reel motors for powering a plurality of reel cutting units. A master controller is programmable with a selected clip and maintains the selected clip whether the mower travels straight ahead or is turning. The output power of the generator is damped and is gradually increased during high electrical loads to prevent step responses in the engine and thereby limit engine droop. During regenerative braking of the mower, the generator can be driven as a motor to use the engine as a load. This limits the voltage produced by the traction motors during regenerative braking from damaging the electrical system or overcharging the battery pack. Moreover, maximum transport and mowing ground speeds are automatically reduced during some turns of the mower.

Abstract: A riding mowing device includes a frame; a cutting assembly; a traveling assembly configured to drive the riding mowing device to travel and including a first traveling assembly located on the front part of the riding mowing device and a second traveling assembly located on the rear part of the riding mowing device, where the first traveling assembly and the second traveling assembly are separately mounted on the frame; and a power supply assembly configured to supply power to at least the cutting assembly and the traveling assembly and mounted to the frame. The riding mowing device further includes one of a steering wheel assembly and an operating lever assembly, and one of the steering wheel assembly and the operating lever assembly is selectively mounted on the frame.

Abstract: A cutting deck lifting device for adjusting the height of the cutting deck of a mower includes a cutting deck having at least one cutting blade mounted thereto, a pedal assembly including a pedal switched between locking and unlocking states for adjusting the height of the cutting deck, a connecting assembly connecting the pedal assembly to the cutting deck and an adjusting assembly connected to the pedal assembly for positioning the cutting deck to a position with a desired height when the pedal is switched between locking and unlocking states. The cutting deck lifting device can conveniently and quickly adjust the cutting deck between the first position and the second position. Simultaneously, the cutting deck lifting device has a simple structure, a low manufacturing cost, and easy installation, and can be applied to a variety of garden tools.

Abstract: A turf maintenance apparatus having folding handles facilitating compact storage is presented herein. The folding handles can be compressed or extended to adjust overall length and can rotate between an extended operator position and a folded storage position. Depending on implementation, the folding handles can be locked in the folded storage position and can also lock in the extended operator position. An operator presence device(s) can disable operation of a motor or engine when the handles are not locked in the extended operator position.

Abstract: A mower including a handle assembly and a grip coupled to the handle assembly. The handle assembly includes a cross member. The grip is moveable longitudinally relative to the cross member. The mower also includes a sensor operable to generate an output signal based on a position of the grip relative to the cross member, and a drive assembly configured to operate based on the output signal.

Abstract: A threshing drum and a combine using a threshing drum are disclosed. The threshing drum comprising a drum body and beater bars. The beater bars each have a beating edge which describes a circumferential circle about a center axis of the drum body, on which the particular beating edge rotates about the center axis in a beating radius during operation of the threshing drum. To improve a flow of harvested material while the flow is being transferred from a threshing device to a downstream separating device, a cutting ring is positioned centrally on the drum body, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the drum body, which rotates in the circumferential direction of the drum body. The cutting ring has at least one circumferential cutting edge which describes a circumferential circle whose cutting radius, measured with respect to the center axis, is greater than the beating radii of the beating edges.

Abstract: A leaf harvester includes a mobile vehicle, configured for moving on ground, having a leaf cutter at a front thereof, a first conveyor, and a laminar flow air conveyor, disposed between the leaf cutter and the first conveyor. The laminar flow air conveyor has a sloped upper surface, and is configured to rearwardly discharge a laminar flow of air over the upper surface to propel leaves cut by the leaf cutter to the first conveyor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of water surface treatment, and in particular to a cleaning ship for water surface treatment for harvesting water plants. In order to solve the technical problems that the existing cleaning ship cannot adapt to the waters of different depths for harvesting water plants, and a hull has low load utilization rate for the collected water plants and affects the overall working efficiency and the fuel economy of the hull, the present invention provides a cleaning ship for water surface treatment for harvesting water plants, comprising a steel belt conveying mechanism, a driven shaft and the like. The steel belt conveying mechanism drives the driven shaft to rotate.

Abstract: A cutting and harvesting assembly for an agricultural machine includes a structural frame. A central portion divider set is operably coupled with the structural frame and includes one or more central portion feed rollers. A first line divider set is laterally offset from the central portion divider set. The first line divider set includes a first pivoting frame, a first connection element operably coupled to the first pivoting frame and the structural frame, one or more first set feed rollers operably coupled with the first pivoting frame. A second line divider set is positioned on an opposing side of the central portion divider set from the first line divider set. The second line divider set includes a second pivoting frame, a second connection element operably coupled to the second pivoting frame and the structural frame, and one or more second set feed rollers operably coupled with the second pivoting frame.

Abstract: An automated crop harvester includes: (a) a frame; (b) a drive system supporting the frame for movement of the frame along a ground surface in a harvesting direction; and (c) a plurality of articulated robot arms mounted to the frame and spaced laterally apart from each other generally perpendicular to the harvesting direction for harvesting crops in corresponding crop rows. Each robot arm has end-of-arm tooling automatically movable laterally relative to the frame into alignment with respective crops projecting from the ground surface for cutting and collecting the crops.

Abstract: A bale stacker and method of using a bale stacker for consolidating a plurality of bales into a bale stack. The bale stacker including a bale stacker chassis supported for translational motion over a surface and one or more: of a bale lift, a bale receiving platform disposed over the bale stacker chassis to receive bales released from the bale lift, a bale transfer table disposing a plurality of bales in bale stack, a bale stack bed having at least one fork movable to abut a bale stack on said bale stack bed, a bale shuffler operable to engage the bale stack to align the bales in the bale stack, and a bale stack push of operable to engage the bale stack disposed on said bale stack bed in primarily vertical orientation to push a plurality of bale stacks off from the bale stack bed.

Abstract: A trailer having a deck and a flip-over ramp. The deck and one side of the flip-over ramp are convertible from a flat position to a position with cradles that are configured to hold one or more round hay bales. The deck may tilt, and side rails may cooperate to form the cradle region. The flip over ramp may also pivot about a horizontal axis to form a pathway from a ground surface to the deck. Side rails may pivot both about a horizontal axis, and about a vertical axis near the flip-over ramp to allow clearance when the ramp is deployed.

Abstract: In some embodiments, apparatuses and methods are provided herein useful to baling materials. In some embodiments, there is provided a method for baling recyclable materials including placing mixed type recyclable materials inside a baling machine while not adding one or more layers of cardboard header materials inside the baling machine, the one or more layers of cardboard header materials normally used to structurally enhance a compressed shape of materials; compressing, by the baling machine, the mixed type recyclable materials into a shape suitable for at least one of storage and transportation; twining and securing the shape of the mixed type recyclable materials that have been compressed by the baling machine with one or more strings of baling wires resulting in a bale comprising twined and compressed mixed type recyclable materials; and wrapping the bale with a shrink film.

Abstract: A treated fabric for grain storage includes plural jute fibers woven together to form a fabric, the plural jute fibers having a smooth external surface; first rough regions formed into the external surface of a jute fiber of the plural jute fibers; second rough regions formed into the external surface of the jute fiber; and a paraffin wax layer located over the external surface of the jute fiber, the first rough regions, and the second rough regions. The first rough regions originate from a different substance than the second rough regions, and the second rough regions are deeper than the first rough regions.

Abstract: Various trocars and trocar supports are provided for allowing an insufflation port on the trocar to be coupled through the trocar support to an insufflation fluid. In one embodiment, the trocar includes a housing, a cannula extending through the housing, and an insufflation port projecting from the housing. A trocar support is provided having an opening that receives the insufflation port on the housing such that the insufflation port is unobtrusive during use and can be connected and disconnected rapidly.

Abstract: The present application relates to a hedge trimmer. A rear machine body can rotate relative to a front machine body. The rear machine body includes a rotary unlocking trigger and a microswitch disposed on one side of the rotary unlocking trigger. The microswitch is a normally closed switch and is electrically connected to a power supply circuit. The rotary unlocking trigger has a first position and a second position relative to the front machine body. In response to the rotary unlocking trigger is at the first position, the rear machine body is fixed relative to the front machine body, and the power supply circuit is conducted; in response to the rotary unlocking trigger is at the second position, the rear machine body rotates relative to the front machine body, and the power supply circuit is disconnected.

Abstract: An agricultural unit for providing breeding of plants that can detect the data related to the biological medium needed by the plant, having a chamber which can enable positioning and growing of the plant and an illumination element which can give light for growing of the plant on said chamber. The illumination element has a germination mode for providing optimum development of the plant in the germination period and configured to emit at least blue light, red light and far red light, a growing mode for providing optimum development of the plant in the duration between the germination and fruiting periods and configured to emit at least white light in addition to said germination mode, and a fruiting mode for providing optimum development of the plant in the fruiting period and configured to emit at least white light, red light and far red light.

Abstract: A light source module for plant cultivation includes a main light source, an auxiliary light source unit, and a controller. The main light source unit emits background light which is visible light for growth of a plant. The auxiliary light source unit emits auxiliary light including UVB, UVC, or both to increase the content of phytochemicals in the plant. The controller controls operation of the main light source unit and the auxiliary light source unit based on a control signal.

Abstract: Provided herein are chassis for use in injection systems configured to penetrate a plant and distribute a liquid formulation to the plant, and the method of using the chassis.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel extendable wooden plant growth apparatus designed to accommodate plant growth and decorative displays. The apparatus is particularly suitable for use as a wooden wall planter, plant ladder, plant holder, or trellis. The key innovation lies in the use of interlocking rabbeted panels, namely top, middle, and bottom panel, which allow for easy extension and customization of the apparatus's length. These panels feature precision-cut rabbet grooves that securely join together to form an extended structure. Notably, the rabbeted joints are concealed, resulting in a visually seamless appearance when the apparatus is assembled. This invention provides users with the flexibility to adjust the length of the apparatus within specified increments, from 60 cm to 90 cm, 120 cm, 150 cm, and beyond, in multiples of 30 cm, thereby accommodating a wide range of plant growth and decorative needs.

Abstract: A robotic fruit picking system includes an autonomous robot that includes a positioning subsystem that enables autonomous positioning of the robot using a computer vision guidance system. The robot also includes at least one picking arm and at least one picking head, or other type of end effector, mounted on each picking arm to either cut a stem or branch for a specific fruit or bunch of fruits or pluck that fruit or bunch. A computer vision subsystem analyses images of the fruit to be picked or stored and a control subsystem is programmed with or learns picking strategies using machine learning techniques. A quality control (QC) subsystem monitors the quality of fruit and grades that fruit according to size and/or quality. The robot has a storage subsystem for storing fruit in containers for storage or transportation, or in punnets for retail.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of silicates in a greenhouse film for increasing the flower development of a plant, wherein the film comprises at least a matrix and a silicate. Said invention also refers to a film comprising at least a matrix and said silicate to increase the flower development of a plant, and the use of a film comprising at least a matrix and said silicate in a greenhouse to increase the flower development of a plant.

Abstract: The invention concerns a foldable greenhouse screen (2) comprising strips (11) of film material that are interconnected by a yarn system of threads (12) by means of knitting, warp-knitting or weaving process to form a continuous product, at least some of said strips (11) comprising a substrate (061) covered with a stack of thin films (063) on a first side of the substrate, so that said greenhouse screen has: a transparency coefficient of at least 40% but no more than 80% in the range of solar radiations, and a reflection coefficient higher than 70% in the middle infrared.

Abstract: A landscape edging device for fixing landscape edging lumber, the landscape edging device includes a crown portion, a left leg, and a right leg. Wherein the left leg and the right leg are perpendicular to the crown portion. The lower ends of the left leg and the right leg are tapered to form a pointed edge. The crown portion, the left leg, and the right leg can wrap around the three sides of the lumber and the two legs penetrate the ground securing the lumber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel automatic leaf collector device. The device comprises a circular robot housing that is approximately two feet in height and that comprises three different module components. The first module component comprises a vacuum to suction in leaves, the second module comprises a set of cutting blades to cut the leaves and debris into powder, and the third module comprises a storage component to store the created powder. The device is programmable via a smartphone application to define the boundaries of the yard as well as when to operate. Thus, users can selectively activate the device to automate the process of leaf collection and disposable, saving extensive time and effort when completing yardwork.

Abstract: A sprinkler controller is cooperable with a sprinkler assembly that receives fluid input from a pipe span. The sprinkler controller includes a microcontroller circuit, a motion sensor coupled with the microcontroller circuit, and a valve assembly including a modulator coupled with the microcontroller circuit and a valve coupled with the sprinkler assembly. The valve meters or controls an amount of fluid output from the sprinkler assembly, and the microcontroller circuit is programmed to control the valve assembly based on input from the motion sensor. With a series of sprinkler controllers in a center pivot irrigation system, the drop numbers for each of the sprinkler assemblies can be determined based on input from the motion sensors.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method to for improving lawn health is disclosed. The method includes receiving, by a processing element of a user device, vegetation specifications and zone data of a lawn; generating, by the processing element, a lawn enhancement plan based on the vegetation specifications and the zone data, the lawn enhancement plan includes an application time frame and an application frequency for applying one or more treatments to the lawn and a watering plan for the lawn; transmitting, to a sprinkler controller, the watering plan for execution by the sprinkler controller; and updating, by the processing element, the lawn enhancement plan based on application information corresponding to an application of the one or more treatments to the lawn, wherein the application information is based on one or more of the watering plan or information received from a user device.

Abstract: In some embodiments, apparatuses and methods are provided herein useful to use with irrigation devices connected to a multi-wire path in an irrigation system. In some embodiments, there is provided a system for use with irrigation devices including a control circuit and an application including computer program code configured to be executed by the control circuit to perform steps. The steps includes obtaining a listing of unique addresses not already assigned to irrigation zones, each unique address corresponding to a respective one of the irrigation devices, the irrigation devices connected to the multi-wire path of the irrigation system; and assigning each unique address of the listing of unique addresses sequentially to available irrigation zones.

Abstract: A water collector and drain for a scaffolding, having: the scaffolding having at least one horizontal beam and at least one vertical beam; a fabric basin coupled to the at least one horizontal beam, the fabric basin having an open end and a concaved end; a drain exit fluidly connected to the fabric basin at the concaved end; and a connection arrangement for attaching the fabric basis to the at least one horizontal beam such that the open end at least partially extends past the horizontal beam of the scaffolding.

Abstract: Aeroponics apparatus for commercial operation is disclosed, the aeroponics apparatus including a support structure comprising a power supply device, at least one shuttle movable on the support structure, the shuttle comprising a grow bed tray for holding crops, the shuttle comprising one or more nebulizers, for generating an aerosol for fertigating the crops in the grow bed tray, and a power connector to connect to the power supply device to supply power to the shuttle.

Abstract: An aeroponic grow tower is provided. The tower includes a modular wall system located between a cover and a base. The wall system includes a plurality of individual flat, four-sided wall panels. The identical wall panels are removably connected along their side edges into one or more levels having a polygonal shape. Levels are aligned and stack atop the base and each other. The wall panels have openings defining grow sites configured to support plants such that foliage extends to the outside and roots hang inside the tower. A pump delivers nutrient solution from the base to a high-rotational speed spray nozzle which aerosolizes the solution. The spray also impacts the interior surface further aerosolizing the solution. Channels direct solution running down the interior surface to the grow sites which include secondary reservoirs to provide a further source of nutrient solution in extreme temperatures and reduce power usage. A ventilation system and seedling covers are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention is a vertical farming system including a set of transportable farming modules, each module having a plurality of vertically arranged farming tiers.

Abstract: A method of producing cannabinoids for use in medical treatments by growing cultured Cannabis sativa plant cells through tissue culture, the method comprising the steps of: selecting Cannabis sativa leaf tissue for culture; and growing a tissue culture from the selected leaf tissue in a liquid based medium whilst controlling the light exposure of the tissue culture to control the cannabinoid content of the tissue culture. Control of the light exposure can enable the phytocannabinoid content of the grown tissue culture to be tailored to the use intended for the tissue culture. For example, the THC content of the tissue culture can be controlled to be maximised or minimised depending on the intended use. Use of tissue culture is beneficial as compared to prior art methods as it allows for genetic consistency and reduces the resources necessary to produce plant cells containing phytocannabinoids.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for reducing the level of nornicotine and N?-nitrosonornicotine (NNN) in Nicotiana plants and plant parts thereof are provided. The compositions comprise isolated polynucleotides and polypeptides for cytochrome P450s that are involved in the metabolic conversion of nicotine to nornicotine in these plants. Expression cassettes, vectors, plants, and plant parts thereof comprising inhibitory sequences that target expression or function of the disclosed cytochrome P450 polypeptides are also provided. Methods for the use of these novel sequences to inhibit expression or function of cytochrome P450 polypeptides involved in this metabolic conversion are also provided. The methods find use in the production of tobacco products that have reduced levels of nornicotine and its carcinogenic metabolite, NNN, and thus reduced carcinogenic potential for individuals consuming these tobacco products or exposed to secondary smoke derived from these products.

Abstract: A new and distinct watermelon variety NUN 32010 WMW is disclosed as well as seeds and plants and fruits thereof.