Abstract: Disclosed herein are a continuous scanning method using signal shielding and an apparatus for the continuous scanning method. The continuous scanning method includes producing a magnetic field on consecutively input samples by applying a signal to an excitation solenoid coil, blocking signal detection in a partial region so that only one harmonic peak is detected by a detection solenoid coil, which is a differential coil, using a magnetic field produced by at least one magnet, and sequentially detecting one harmonic peak in the samples based on the detection solenoid coil, and performing scanning of nanomagnetic particles on respective samples based on a signal for the detected harmonic peak.

Abstract: In one aspect, an actuator assembly is disclosed, which includes an input shaft, an output shaft, and a limited angle actuator that is coupled to the input shaft for rotating the input shaft to generate an input torque profile over an input stroke. A rotatable input element having a first cam profile is adapted to couple to the input shaft to rotate therewith, and a rotatable output element having a second cam profile is coupled to the output shaft to rotate with that shaft. The actuator assembly further includes at least one coupling element for rotationally coupling the rotatable input element to the rotatable output element to transfer a rotary motion of the input shaft to the output shaft to generate an output torque profile over an output stroke. The first and second cam profiles are configured such that the output profile is different than the input profile.

Abstract: Systems and methods of effectively communicating alarm conditions by making efficient use of the limited battery life in ambient condition detectors are provided. In some systems and methods, an ambient condition detector in a monitored region can be associated with a motion sensor. When the motion sensor detects motion in the monitored region, the detector can exit a soft alarm mode and enter a full alarm mode for a predetermined period of time.

Abstract: Improved interdigital parallel plate rotary capacitors to be used in automatic MHz range tuners have a grounding technique based on bronze sliding contact to effectively and continuously lead to the ground terminal the rotating comb-like blades of the capacitor and (optional) damping resistors inserted between the sliding contact and the ground terminal. The resistors reduce the high Q of the series resonance of the capacitor with the fringe lead inductance. Tuning sensitivity is reduced and tuning accuracy and repeatability are increased.

Abstract: A tuner and a transformer formed by printed circuit board thereof are provided. The transformer includes a first winding and a second winding. In which, the first winding forms a first inductor and the second winding forms a second inductor. The transformer is formed by the first and the second inductors, wherein the first winding and the second winding are formed by conducting wires of a printed circuit board.

Abstract: Provided is a tunable magnetic field amplifying device capable of easily adjusting resonance frequencies and tuning usable bands by using discrete elements to vary electric properties of elements that are used for amplifying a magnetic field of a specific microwave band. The tunable magnetic field amplifying device includes a Swiss roll formed by winding a metal sheet coated with a dielectric in a spiral cylinder shape once or several times; and a tunable capacitor connected between an inner sheet of and an outer sheet of the metal sheet for tuning a resonance frequency.

Abstract: Tunable microstrip devices formed by capacitively coupled conductive strips are disclosed. Device parameters can be tuned by adjusting corresponding lengths of a resonator and a coupling section of the device by connecting one or more auxiliary segments to the conductive strips.

Abstract: A tuner and a transformer formed by printed circuit board thereof are provided. The transformer includes a first winding and a second winding. In which, the first winding forms a first inductor and the second winding forms a second inductor. The transformer is formed by the first and the second inductors, wherein the first winding and the second winding are formed by conducting wires of a printed circuit board.

Abstract: A switchable bandpass filter includes a coupled line segment (comb) including a plurality of coupled transmission lines of substantially equal lengths that are each connected or otherwise coupled to the common RF ground at their first end, a plurality of adjustable capacitors each coupled proximate a second end of respective ones of the transmission lines, and a plurality of shunt switches coupled to points along a length of each of the transmission lines. Shunt switches may be implemented by various device technologies including MEMS and FET switches and PIN diodes. The adjustable capacitors may be implemented as an array or tree of switched capacitors using suitable switching components (e.g., as previously enumerated) or by other suitable electrically controllable devices such as varactors or varactor arrays. A differential switchable filter may be formed by the symmetric repetition of individual bandpass filter modules.

Abstract: A high Q integrated inductor-capacitor (L-C) resonator (200) includes a planar inductor (201) having a plurality of turns and a serially connected first and second capacitor (205, 207) that is connected in parallel with the planar inductor (201). The first and second capacitors (205, 207) are positioned within at least one turn of the planar inductor (201) for reducing the parasitic interconnection resistance between the planar inductor (201) and first and second capacitor (205, 207) and also increasing the Q factor of the L-C resonator.

Abstract: The invention relates to a lumped-constant resonator construction, and a method for adjusting a lumped-constant resonator construction. The lumped-constant resonator construction comprises at least one, preferably ceramic substrate (4), at least one capacitance means (5), and at least one inductance means (6). The capacitance means and the inductance means (6) are clearly locatable separately but operatively connected. The inductance means (6) comprises a conductive coating (11). In the lumped-constant resonator construction according to the invention, the inductance means (6) which comprises the conductive coating (11) and which is locatable separately from the capacitance means (5) is provided on a preferably bar-like ceramic body (7) mounted on the substrate (4).

Abstract: A miniature, electrostatically actuated, variable impedance circuit element which is operably tunable in response to control signals. With integrated circuit, thin film processing a fixed circuit member is fabricated on a substrate and a movable circuit member is fabricated over the substrate and is movable relative to the fixed circuit member in response to electrostatic fields produced at armature tabs when the control signals are selectively applied to rows of control electrodes. Embodiments include a variable capacitor and a variable ring resonator.

Abstract: An RF signal input circuit for a UHF tuner of a television receiver comprises a series-tuned circuit including a varactor diode and an inductance element connected in series, in the order named, between signal ground and a gate electrode of a field-effect transistor RF amplifier. The series-tuned circuit has a relatively uniform bandwidth throughout the UHF range. A capacitor connected in shunt with the gate electrode completes a "split-capacitor" configuration in which the varactor diode and the shunt capacitor form a variable impedance transformation network for making the relationship between the effective impedances of the series-tuned circuit and FET amplifier relatively uniform throughout the UHF range. The order of the varactor diode and inductance element allows a low cost adjustable capacitor comprising a grounded shield wall as one plate and a movable tab as a second plate to be connected directly across the varactor diode.

Abstract: In a radio receiver which can be switched between at least two waveranges, the coil winding (33) of the oscillator circuit (31) has a further coil winding (36) inductively coupled to it with which a capacitor (37) is arranged in parallel for limiting the waverange comprising the higher frequencies. In the case of reception of the waverange comprising the lower frequencies this capacitor (37) is effectively arranged as a padding capacitor in series with the set of plates (34) of the variable capacitor in the oscillator circuit (31) while simultaneously the further coil winding (36) is effectively arranged in series with the coil winding (33) of the oscillator circuit (31) for the purpose of extending the range and a further capacitor (38) is effectively arranged in parallel with the set of plates (34) of a variable capacitor in the oscillator circuit (31), for the purpose of shifting the waverange of higher frequencies to the waverange of lower frequencies.

Abstract: A tuner in which a band switching signal corresponding to a channel selected from a plurality of UHF and VHF bands is generated to enable the formation of a suitable resonant circuit for receiving television signals of the selected channel. It includes a varactor diode, a plurality of resonant coils and distribution constant lines which are each grounded at one end. Each of the coils and the line is provided for forming a resonant circuit for tuning one of the bands. A plurality of switching diodes are provided for connecting the other ends of the coils and the line selectively to the other end of the varactor diode. The tuner further includes a device for turning on and off the switching diodes selectively in response to the band switching signal.

Abstract: A helical filter is disclosed which includes a ground plane having microstrip transmission line segments to which a respective helical resonator coil is connected at the high impedance end thereof. A discrete capacitor is connected in parallel with each transmission line. A housing is provided with individual resonator compartments which effect associated distributed capacitance with the resonators themselves, which capacitance may be adjusted by included tuning screws. Conductors are connected to and form an integral part of a given two of said transmission lines and serve as the input and output for the helical filter. The transmission line and discrete capacitor pair provides the necessary impedance match, while the capacitor itself facilitates temperature compensation and frequency range selection.

Abstract: The ends of a loop-gap resonator are extended along a closed path to define an enclosed chamber with a gap extending along its length. A lumped circuit resonator is formed and the magnetic field is confined to the chamber. Openings may be formed in the chamber wall to direct magnetic flux through sample materials outside the chamber, and the cross sectional area of the chamber may be altered to control the energy density distribution of the magnetic field.

Abstract: Spaced conductive strips are formed on a substrate. A first transmission line transformer is connected between the input and one end of the first strip. A second transmission line transformer is connected between the other end of the first strip and the output. The second strip is connected to ground. A shunt tuning circuit is connected between the strips. The circuit includes first and second MOS capacitors mounted on and connected to the grounded strip. An RF choke interconnects the other side of each capacitor. A varactor diode is mounted on and connected to the first capacitor. An etched spiral inductor connects the varactor and the first strip. A bias signal is applied to the junction between the choke and the second capacitor in order to tune the filter.

Abstract: A printed circuit board lamination consisting of upper and lower printed circuit boards is provided with an area consisting of the sole lower printed circuit board, and a varactor diode and a resonance rod portion parallel to the lamination are arranged in this area. Thus, the length of lead of the varactor diode is reduced in effect, and also the effects of variation of the dielectric constant of the printed circuit board due to changes of the temperature thereof and relative humidity are reduced.

Abstract: A tuning device including a conductive housing in which are suspended a dielectric substrate. A pair of first and second resonant circuits is disposed on the substrate in parallel with each other. Each resonant circuit is formed by an elongated conductive film and a capacitive element. A grounded conductive strip film is provided between the transmission lines of the first and second resonant circuits to reduce the interstage coupling between the two transmission lines with a resultant decrease in spacing between them.

Abstract: A tuning circuit comprises a pair of identical resonant circuits each including a transmission line and a capacitive element, a coupling circuit associated with each transmission line to inject microwave energy into the resonant circuits and extract the tuned energy therefrom. An image trapping circuit is included which comprises a first section which intersects one of the transmission lines and connected to the coupling circuit associated with the intersected transmission line and a second section which extends from the point of connection of the first section with that coupling element to the opposite transmission line in a direction skewed relative to each transmission line. The second section of the image trap circuit provides a smooth interstage coupling between the two transmission lines over a range of resonant frequencies.

Abstract: A tuning device including a conductive housing in which is suspended a dielectric substrate. A pair of first and second resonant circuits is disposed on the substrate in parallel with each other. Each resonant circuit is formed by an elongated conductive film and a capacitive element. An image frequency trapping circuit is arranged to intersect one of the transmission lines to absorb the signal at the image frequency. A grounded conductive strip film is provided adjacent to and parallel with each of the transmission lines and so spaced therefrom that the characteristic impedances of the transmission lines are made equal to each other.

Abstract: A high input selectivity UHF varactor tuner for a television receiver in which unamplified radio frequency signals are inductively coupled to a double tuned half-wave preselector comprising two aperture coupled half-wave tuned lines in separate resonant cavities. The double tuned preselector includes varactor diodes on one end of each tuned line and fixed capacitors on the other end of each line. To compensate for decreasing Q of the varactor diodes with decreasing frequency and thereby maintain a uniform bandwidth for the tuner over the entire UHF spectrum, inductive coupling is provided between the tuned lines at the fixed capacitor ends which, during low frequency operation of the tuner, augments aperture coupling between the lines.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a resonant circuit comprising a ground-contacting conductive member, a dielectric layer provided on the ground-contacting conductive layer, a ground-contacting member provided on the dielectric layer and electrically connected to the ground-contacting conductive member, and a U-shaped microstrip line formed on the dielectric layer. Both ends of the U-shaped microstrip line face the ground-contacting member. One of them is connected to the ground-contacting member through a lumped capacitor, and the other end is directly connected to the ground-contacting member.

Abstract: A first and second strip are provided on a dielectric substrate such that one end of the first strip juxtaposes one end of the second strip and the other end of the first strip juxtaposes the other end of the second strip. A capacitor is provided between the one ends of the first and the second strips and a varactor is provided between the other ends of the first and the second strips.

Abstract: A low loss tuneable RF filter including a parallel plate variable capacitor nd a helical resonator within an extension of the resonator shield. The capacitor stator is supported on an insulator above one end of the helix while the rotor is mounted between the walls of the resonator shield. The rotor plates are wider than the stator plates by about 20%.

Abstract: A tuner for a television receiver comprises a circuit board formed by a slab of dielectric material having conductors located on one side and discrete components mounted on the other so that it may be readily assembled and soldered. Some of the conductors are arranged to form capacitors and distributed parameter inductors. In the UHF portion of the tuner a strip-like conductor and a wider ground conductor are spaced apart in parallel relationship. The length of the gap between the strip-like conductor and the ground conductor is selected to provide inductive reactance in the UHF band. A slot is cut, punched or otherwise formed through the dielectric material in the gap between the strip-like conductor and the ground conductor to increase the Q (the figure of merit inversely related to loss) of the inductor at the upper end of the UHF range. In addition, the slot significantly improves thermal stability of the inductor.

Abstract: A tuning circuit having a coaxial cavity with a movable toroidal section to effect inductive tuning. The outer conductor is tapered to effect capacitive tuning by movement of the toroidal section axially within the cavity due to varying of the width of the annular space between the outer conductor and the toroidal section.

Abstract: A radio frequency tuner for ultra-high frequency range provided with an improved fine tuning device in which a conductor plate member is movably disposed in the vicinity of a resonant line whose one end is connected to a variable capacity element for tuning and whose other end is connected to earth directly or through a capacitor, so that the characteristic impedance of the distributed constant line is varied by driving the conductor plate member toward or away from the resonant line for fine adjustments of the tuned frequency.

Abstract: A varactor tuning apparatus for tuning a strip transmission line radio frequency device, wherein the device having predetermined operating characteristics includes an active element such as an avalanche diode and a resonant conductive strip section. The tuning apparatus comprises a separate varactor circuit having a varactor mounted on a dielectric substrate including a resonant conductive strip. The varactor circuit is RF coupled to the strip transmission line of the device to provide for tuning the device by varying the reactance of the strip transmission line by electrically changing the capacitance of the varactor.

Abstract: A UHF tuner employing resonant cavities with tuned lines has a discrete air trimmer capacitor which includes a fixed electrode connected to the tunable line with one or more insulated turns of silver wire and a movable electrode guided into the fixed electrode to provide characteristics of lower minimum capacity, higher maximum to minimum capacity ratio, smaller physical size, higher Q and lower cost than conventional capacitor trimmers.