Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems for organizing complex and disparate data. More specifically, the present invention provides methods and systems for organizing complex and disparate data into coherent data sets. Coherent data sets resulting from the methods and systems of the present invention serve as models for biological systems. Methods and systems for integrating data and creating coherent data sets are useful for numerous biological applications, such as, for example, determining gene function, identifying and validating drug and pesticide targets, identifying and validating drug and pesticide candidate compounds, profiling drug and pesticide compounds, producing a compilation of health or wellness profiles, determining compound site(s) of action, identifying unknown samples, and numerous other applications in the agricultural, pharmaceutical, forensic, and biotechnology industries.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of measuring the distance between a fixed point and an object, by the steps of: a) transmitting a light pulse (11) from the fixed point at a selected instant of transmission; b) periodically scanning of light intensity received at the fixed point and continuously storing, as a set of received scanned signal values, the scanned values at the scanning rate during a predetermined measuring time window (13) embracing the instant of reception of the light pulse reflected from the object; c) repeating steps a) and b) N number of times in order to obtain N number of sets of received signal values; d) summing the individual stored sets of received scanned signal values, set by set, to a summed scanned value set during a calculating window (14) following the N measuring time windows (13); e) repeating steps a) through d) in order to obtain a further summed scanning value set, whereby during or following step d) the further summed scanned value set is added, scanned value set by s

Abstract: A physics based model of the absorption of light by histological stains used to measure the amount of one or more stains at locations within tissue is disclosed. The subsequent analysis results in several improvements in the detection of tissue on a slide, improvements to autofocus algorithms so focusing during image acquisition is confined to tissue, improvements to image segmentation and identification of tissued and its features, improvements to the identification of stain where multiple stains are used, and improvements to the quantification of the extent of staining. The invention relates to the application of these improvements to stain detection and quantification to provide for objective comparison between tissues and closer correlation between the presentations of such features and concurrent patterns of gene or protein expression.

Abstract: In a press production series for massive forming with a toggle drive for driving a ram, varying stroke speeds of the ram motion are attached by adjustment of cogwheels of an planetary gear system having fixed connecting dimensions. Uniform machine frames can thus be used.

Abstract: The present inventors have discovered that Threonine synthase is essential for fungal pathogenicity. Specifically, the inhibition of Threonine synthase gene expression in fungi results in no signs of successful infection or lesions. Thus, Threonine synthase can be used as a target for the identification of antibiotics, preferably antifungals. Accordingly, the present invention provides methods for the identification of compounds that inhibit Threonine synthase expression or activity. The methods of the invention are useful for the identification of antibiotics, preferably antifungals.

Abstract: The present inventors have discovered that chorismate mutase and chorismate synthase are essential for plant growth. Specifically, the inhibition of chorismate mutase or chorismate synthase gene expression in plant seedlings results in severe chlorosis, reduced growth and developmental abnormalities. The inventors have proven that chorismate synthase and chorismate mutase can be used as targets for the identification of herbicides. Thus, the invention provides methods for the identification of chemicals that modulate chorismate synthase and chorismate mutase biochemical reactions. The methods of the invention are useful for the identification of herbicides and for the inhibition of plant growth and development.

Abstract: The present inventors have discovered that serine acetyltransferase (SAT) is essential for plant growth. Specifically, the inhibition of SAT gene expression in plant seedlings results in reduced growth and altered pigmentation. Thus, SAT is useful as a target for the identification of herbicides. Accordingly, the present invention provides methods for the identification of herbicides by measuring the activity of an SAT in the presence and absence of a compound, wherein an alteration of SAT activity in the presence of the compound indicates the compound as a candidate for a herbicide.

Abstract: The present inventors have discovered that histidinol-phosphatase is essential for fungal pathogenicity. Specifically, the inhibition of histidinol-phosphatase gene expression in fungi results in small, non-sporulating lesions and reduced pathogenicity. Thus, histidinol-phosphatase can be used as a target for the identification of antibiotics, preferably antifungals. Accordingly, the present invention provides methods for the identification of compounds that inhibit histidinol-phosphatase expression or activity. The methods of the invention are useful for the identification of antibiotics, preferably antifungals.

Abstract: Method, computer system and program for processing over the telephone net bets and games of chance including placements of bets and winning requests, comprising: a data base; call distribution means (ACD) connected to the telephone net for receiving incoming calls and distributing to a plurality of processing queues (Q1-QK), and a number N of listening and speaking terminals (P1-PM) connected to M first processing queues (Q); means (ASR1-ASRN) for evaluating a caller identification of a caller, a number N of speech recognition modules connected to N second processing queues (Q) for converting one or more bet placements of the caller into a machine processable set of data and storing it in the data bank together with the caller identity, and\ a selective evaluation device (ASRi, S) connected to the call distribution means (ACD) and, dependent of the input selection by the caller, controls the caller recognition means (ACD) to direct the call to a speech recognition module (ASR) in case placement of

Abstract: The present inventors have discovered that 3-Isopropylmalate dehydratase is essential for fungal pathogenicity. Specifically, the inhibition of 3-Isopropylmalate dehydratase gene expression in fungi results in no signs of successful infection or lesions. Thus, 3-Isopropylmalate dehydratase can be used as a target for the identification of antibiotics, preferably antifungals. Accordingly, the present invention provides methods for the identification of compounds that inhibit 3-Isopropylmalate dehydratase expression or activity. The methods of the invention are useful for the identification of antibiotics, preferably antifungals.

Abstract: The present inventors have discovered that &agr;-Aminoadipate Reductase is essential for fungal pathogenicity. Specifically, the inhibition of &agr;-Aminoadipate Reductase gene expression in fungi results in no signs of successful infection or lesions. Thus, &agr;-Aminoadipate Reductase can be used as a target for the identification of antibiotics, preferably antifungals. Accordingly, the present invention provides methods for the identification of compounds that inhibit &agr;-Aminoadipate Reductase expression or activity. The methods of the invention are useful for the identification of antibiotics, preferably antifungals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for facilitating site directed homologous recombination in an organism to produce mutants comprising: 1) providing a large insert vector library comprising one or more large insert vectors, each of said large insert vectors comprising a piece of DNA, said DNA piece comprising multiple genes from a target organism and a first selectable marker functional for selection in bacteria; 2) providing a second vector comprising a transposable element, said transposable element comprising a nucleotide sequence coding for a second selectable marker flanked on each side by an inverted repeat sequence, wherein said selectable marker is bifunctional for selection in bacteria and the target organism and wherein said inverted repeat sequences are functional as a binding site for a transposase; 3) incubating said library with said second vector in the presence of a transposase specific for the inverted repeat sequences on the plasmid vector, such that the transposable element is tr

Abstract: Novel protein useful as a selectable marker resistant to the antibiotic nourseothricin and corresponding polynucleotides for insertion of genes and other genetic material into a variety of organisms, including plants are described.

Abstract: The present inventors have discovered that 5-Aminolevulinate synthase is essential for fungal pathogenicity. Specifically, the inhibition of 5-Aminolevulinate synthase gene expression in fungi results in no signs of successful infection or lesions. Thus, 5-Aminolevulinate synthase can be used as a target for the identification of antibiotics, preferably antifungals. Accordingly, the present invention provides methods for the identification of compounds that inhibit 5-Aminolevulinate synthase expression or activity. The methods of the invention are useful for the identification of antibiotics, preferably antifungals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a highly effective method, apparatus and kit for growing and plating out cultures of microorganisms or cell culture, especially derived from culture blocks containing multiple wells, such as a 96-well or 384-well plate or block.

Abstract: The present inventors have discovered that homocitrate synthase is essential for fungal pathogenicity. Specifically, the inhibition of homocitrate synthase gene expression in fungi results in no signs of successful infection or lesions. Thus, homocitrate synthase can be used as a target for the identification of antibiotics, preferably antifungals. Accordingly, the present invention provides methods for the identification of compounds that inhibit homocitrate synthase expression or activity. The methods of the invention are useful for the identification of antibiotics, preferably antifungals.

Abstract: Morphological markers are used in a method of visually identifying plants transformed with a nucleotide sequence (e.g., a heterologous gene). The nucleotide sequence is transformed into a plant that exhibits an abnormal phenotype for a morphological marker. If the transformation of the plant is successful, the progeny of the transformed plant will exhibit a normal phenotype. In a preferred embodiment, the plant is Arabidopsis and the morphological marker is Gl1, which is associated with trichome production on plant leaves. The method is also useful for identifying plants that are homozygous for the transformed gene, and for identifying transformants in the T2 generation that are true crosses, rather than self-crosses.

Abstract: A highly accurate instantaneous numerical analysis software assists on on-line and nondestructive in situ measurement method and instrument for the measurement of complex permittivity of materials in solid, semisolid, granular, sheet, thin and thick films, as well as materials in the liquid state. Such materials may include ceramics, polymer, semiconductor, or dielectric materials used in a circuit board and integrated Circuit manufacturing materials. The measuring instrument is a near field, non-contract apparatus in the form of one from the group of microstrip, coplanar waveguide and asymmetric inhomogeneous stripline. The frequency range may be 50 MHz onwards. The instrument includes a sweep oscillator, a resonator, a detector, a power meter to measure transmitted power with respect to the input signal frequency, a computer and an interface device.

Abstract: Assays, preferably high throughput assays, for determining cysteine concentration, cysteine synthase activity, and identifying herbicides, fungicides, bactericides, and insecticides. Cysteine concentration is quantitated by contacting cysteine with a coumarin dye capable of conjugating with cysteine but not to O-acetyl serine or sulfide; exciting the conjugate with UV light; and detecting fluorescent light emitted by the conjugate. Cysteine synthase activity is determined by combining O-acetyl-L-serine, sulfide and cysteine synthase to form a reaction mixture under conditions suitable for cysteine production; contacting the reaction mixture with an appropriate coumarin dye; subjecting the reaction mixture to UV light; and detecting fluorescent light emission.