Abstract: A periclase refractory composition comprising magnesium oxide granules, carbon granules and a carbonaceous binding material capable of undergoing pyrolytic decomposition. Added to the periclase refractory composition is at least one oxyhydrocarbon compound selected from the group consisting of (a) acyclic carboxylic acids, (b) oxidized polyolefin waxes, (c) poly(alkylene oxides) and ethers thereof, (d) olefin copolymers, (e) polyvinyl alcohol, and (f) furan polymers.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for converting heavy hydrocarbons into light hydrocarbons which comprises contacting, in a first zone, a heavy hydrocarbon having an API gravity at 25.degree. C. of less than about 20, such as Boscan heavy crude oil and tar sand bitumen, with a liquid comprising water, in the absence of externally added catalyst and hydrogen, while maintaining the first zone at a temperature between 400.degree. and about 480.degree. C. and at a pressure at least about 690 kPa (about 100 psig, about 6.76 atm) and less than about 5,000 kPa (about 725 psig, about 148 atm), for a contact time under continuous flow conditions sufficient to produce a uniform (i.e.

Abstract: Novel polycarboxy benzene dianhydrides useful as surfactants are disclosed. The novel compounds of this invention are pyromellitate tetraesters wherein two ester moieties characteristically contain fluorinated alkyl groups or saturated hydrocarbon alkyl groups and wherein two ester moieties contain alkylene moieties having a terminal halogen.

Abstract: Polycarbonate copolymers from bisphenol-A containing terephthalate moieties constituting 5 or 10 mol percent of the polymer, whereby after long exposure to working temperature the polymer retains Izod impact resistance of at least 9 ft. -lbs. per inch of notch.

Abstract: An oxidation process in which a metal nitro complex transfers an oxygen atom from the nitro ligand to a substrate; especially such process conducted cyclically or catalytically using molecular oxygen as the oxygen source. Metal nitrosyl complex is formed as a coproduct together with an oxidation product of the substrate. In a cyclic process, nitrosyl ligand of the metal nitrosyl coproduct is reoxidized by molecular oxygen in presence of a monodentate base such as pyridine to nitro ligand; and the nitro complex, thus regenerated, can be used again to oxidize the substrate. In a catalytic process, using an activator such as a Lewis acid with alcohols or divalent palladium with olefins, elemental oxygen maintains a concentration of nitro ligand in the reaction mixture. In particular the metal is a Group VIII metal, especially cobalt and the ligand is saloph or tetraphenylporphyrin.

Abstract: An anhydride of a carboxybenzene is esterified in solution by a fluorinated alcohol, using N-methylpyrrolidone solvent. In particular, pyromellitic dianhydride in N-methylpyrrolidone solvent is esterified to the diester/diacid by 2-(n-perfluoroalkyl)ethanols having six to twelve carbon atoms in the perfluoroalkyl groups, and the reaction mixture containing the dissolved diester/diacid is admixed with an oxirane compound of the group ethylene oxide, epichlorohydrin and glycidol whereby the carboxyl groups are esterified in the N-methylpyrrolidone solvent by reaction with oxirane groups.

Abstract: Anthraquinone compounds having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is alkylene of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, exhibit attractive blue shades and are useful in dyeing textiles.