Abstract: Flame retardant polyolefin compositions having improved smoke suppressant properties comprise(1) a polyolefin,(2) a compound of iron,(3) a compound of antimony,(4) a non-basic compound of magnesium, and(5) a chlorinated organic compound of the formula ##STR1## wherein Z is a tetravalent saturated cyclic radical having at least 4 carbon atoms which may be substituted by chlorine, bromine, fluorine or alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Polyamide compositions having improved flame retardant properties and arc tracking resistance comprises, in percent by weight, about 35 to about 76 percent polyamide; about 6 to about 10 percent zinc borate; about 10 to about 15 percent melamine cyanurate; 0 to about 35 percent glass fiber; about 0 to about 3 percent antimony trioxide; and about 8 to about 15 percent of a chlorinated compound of the formula: ##STR1##

Abstract: Trifluoromethylbenzoyl chlorides are prepared by the reaction of trichloromethylbenzoyl chlorides or tribromomethylbenzoyl bromides with about 3 moles or less of hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a halogen transfer catalyst.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of compounds of the formula ##STR1## which comprises contacting compounds of the formula ##STR2## wherein n is 0 to 5, andm is 1 to 3in the vapor phase, with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a granular, porous high surface area catalyst prepared by treating .alpha.-alumina with hydrogen fluoride.

Abstract: A fire retarding composition is disclosed which is made from a reaction mixture of aqueous phosphoric acid and an alkylene oxide, wherein the weight ratio of oxide to acid reactants is within the range of about 0.01:1 to about 0.25:1. The composition produces improved fire retardancy when used to treat cellulosic material.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of meta-substituted diaryl ethers comprises reacting an ortho-haloaryl compound with a phenol compound in a non-aqueous medium in the presence of an alkaline metal base. In a specific embodiment m-phenoxytoluene is prepared by reacting orthochlorotoluene with phenol in the presence of an alkaline metal hydroxide in a substantially non-aqueous liquid medium.

Abstract: Fluorophthalamic acids characterized by the formula ##STR1## wherein n is 1 or 2, are prepared by the steps of(A) reacting a chlorophthalic anhydride of the formula ##STR2## where n is as defined previously, with potassium fluoride or cesium fluoride to form a fluorophthalic anhydride of the formula ##STR3## where n is as previously defined, and (B) reacting the fluorophthalic anhydride with ammonia to form an ammonium salt of a fluorophthalamic acid, and(C) acidifying the ammonium salt to form a fluorophthalamic acid.

Abstract: Ammonium salts of fluorophthalamic acids characterized by the formula ##STR1## wherein n is 1 or 2, are prepared by the steps of (A) reacting a chlorophthalic anhydride of the formula ##STR2## where n is as defined previously, with potassium fluoride or cesium fluoride to form a fluorophthalic anhydride of the formula ##STR3## where n is as previously defined, and (B) reacting the fluorophthalic anhydride with ammonium to form an ammonium salt of a fluorophthalamic acid.

Abstract: Novel meta- and para-trifluoromethyl benzal chlorides and ring-halogenated derivatives are useful chemical intermediates for the preparation of meta- and para-trifluoromethyl benzaldehydes and various other useful end products. The novel compounds can be prepared from readily-available xylene starting materials in a process comprising (a) chlorinating meta- or para-xylene, or a ring -halogenated meta- or para-xylene, to form a trichloromethyl benzal chloride product and (B) reacting the trichloromethyl benzal chloride product with about 3 moles or less of anhydrous hydrogen fluoride in the presence of a halogen exchange catalyst.

Abstract: A novel fluorinated aromatic compound, 4,5-difluorophthaloyl fluoride, is prepared by reacting 4,5-dichlorophthalic anhydride with a stoichiometric excess of potassium fluoride.

Abstract: Substrates, particularly plastics, are preplated with metals by pretreatment of the substrate with phosphorus sesquisulfide in an organic solvent to deposit phosphorus sesquisulfide at the surface, followed by contacting the treated surface with a metal salt or complex thereof, to form a metal-phosphorus-sulfur compound. The substrate may be treated, either before or after its surface is provided with the metal-phosphorus-sulfur compound, with a water soluble organic compound selected from the group of the so-called water soluble organic etching compounds. Preferably the organic compounds are selected from the group consisting of di and mono ethers of water soluble glycols, di and mono ethers of water soluble di-glycols, water soluble carbonates, and water soluble lactones. Treatments of the surface of the substrate with these organic compounds renders the treated surface resistant to cracking.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of compounds of the formulaR.sub.n Ar(CF.sub.w' X.sub.p').sub.Zcomprises contacting compounds of the formulaR.sub.n Ar(CF.sub.w X.sub.p).sub.Zin the liquid phase, with hydrogen fluoride in the presence of fluosulfonic acid whereinAr is arylR is a substituent on the aryl nucleus selected from the group consisting of aryl, substituted aryl, halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, and substituted alkyl;N is 0 to 9;X is halogen atom other than fluorine;W is 0 to 2;P is 1 to 3;W' is 1 to 3, and is greater than w;P' is 0 to 2, and is less than p;W + p is 3;W' + p' is 3;Z is 1-10; andThe maximum value of n + Z is 10.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel .alpha.-lower alkoxy-o-cresyl carbamates having utility as insecticides and polymer intermediates.

Abstract: Compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R' is selected from the group consisting of .sup.- OH, alkyloxy and aryloxy; and R is selected from the group consisting of ##STR2## wherein Z is .sup.- OH, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy and aryloxy, provided when R' is .sup.- OH, ##STR3## are disclosed, having utility as metal ion sequestrants and flame retardant additives.