Abstract: Sodium aurothiomalate used as a therapeutic agent or as a component in a therapeutic agent is shown to be a mixture of substances, one of which is non-toxic to blood platelets, shows specific spectral absorption visibility and does not demonstrate the usual irregular gold containing particles in platelets. As well as being an improvement on the mixture currently employed, the colorless state of sodium aurothiomalate shows promise as an antithrombitic agent.

Abstract: An aromatic ionomeric copolymer having arylether and arylsulfone linkages has been prepared by condensation of both:(a) The alkali metal bisphenate salts of 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl-fluoren-4-carboxylic acid, optionally with up to 99 mol percent of another dihydric phenol based on the combined bisphenates in the mixture;and(b) dihalodiphenylsulfones where the halogen is selected from chlorine or fluorine.The copolymers are useful inter alia as ion exchange materials and permselective membranes.A process of preparing and purifying the carboxylic acid containing bisphenol monomer is described.

Abstract: Moths of the armyworm Pseudaletia unipuncta have been found to be attracted strongly to mixtures of three or four chemical compounds. The mixtures found to be the most powerful and specific attractants are those comprising:(a) (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate(b) (Z)-11-hexadecenol and(c) (Z)-11-hexadecenal, preferably with(d) (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate.The respective weight ratios for the best effect were found to be approximately 10000:20:4:1.

Abstract: Compositions for curing meats comprising dinitrosyl ferrohemochrome and at least one antioxidant, at least one sequestering agent and at least one antimicrobial agent. Such compositions bestow similar color, flavor, and microbiological stability as that associated with nitrite-treated meats.

Abstract: Coal is treated to remove both pyritic and organic sulfur by contacting with an aqueous solution comprising cupric ions at temperatures of about 140.degree. C.-200.degree. C. under autogenic pressure, until substantial amounts of the sulfur are solubilized, separating the coal solids, and washing the solids with water to remove soluble forms of sulfur, iron and copper therefrom. The copper can be recovered and recycled as a cupric salt.

Abstract: The reaction product of (i) an aromatic amide having the amine group of the amide attached to an aromatic ring, and (ii) a mono- or di-epoxide, has been found to be a good fortifier of epoxy resins. Epoxy resins have been found to attain increased strength and modulus (yet not brittle) by compounding:(a) a resin-forming polyepoxide,(b) an amine curing agent for (a), and(c) the above fortifier; and heat curing the mixture. Strengths as high as 130-150 MPa and modulus values to as high as 5000 MPa have been achieved yet with a ductile mode of fracture.

Abstract: It has been found possible to ferment the pentose D-xylose directly to ethanol with the selected yeast Pachysolen tannophilus. At least an initial aerobic stage is desirable. Improved yields have been obtained when the yeast cells are recycled continually at high cell densities. Fermentation of D-galactose and other hexoses along with D-xylose has been found possible with selected strains or mutants.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical compounds of the general formula (1) have been prepared ##STR1## and non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, wherein R.sub.1 is a lower alkyl, phenyl lower alkyl, amino substituted phenyl lower alkyl, nitro substituted phenyl lower alkyl, cycloalkyl lower alkyl or a lower alkenyl substituent, R.sub.2 is a member selected from the group consisting of a cyano, pyridylsulfonyl, lower alkyl substituted sulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, lower alkyl substituted phenylsulfonyl, lower alkoxy substituted phenylsulfonyl, halogen substituted phenylsulfonyl, nitro substituted phenylsulfonyl, amino substituted phenylsulfonyl and lower alkyl amido substituted phenylsulfonyl; R.sub.3 is a hydrogen or halogen atom; and R.sub.4 is a hydrogen, lower alkyl or lower alkoxy substituent, lower denoting a straight or branched chain having from 1-4 carbon atoms. These compounds exhibit analgesic agonist activity or analgesic agonist-antagonist activities.

Abstract: A method of producing carbonyl fluoride by multiphoton decomposition of carbon dioxide-sulphur hexafluoride mixtures comprising irradiating gaseous carbon dioxide-sulphur hexafluoride mixtures in a reaction chamber at a pressure in the 10-50 Torr range with a laser beam at a frequency of about 944 wavenumbers and passing the material from the reaction chamber after irradiation through a chemical processing stage to obtain a carbonyl fluoride product.

Abstract: A method of producing carbon-13 using CF.sub.2 HCl as the feedstock (substrate) material in which the CF.sub.2 HCl is enriched up to a first level of C-13 by I.R. laser photodissociation and then to 90-99% C-13 by a second exchange process. In the preferred arrangement the second stage is a chemical exchange process.

Abstract: A significant enhancement of repellency toward the black fly (Simulium venustum Say, and Prosimulium hirtipes Fries) of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide has been obtained by the addition, or conjunctive application of, vanillin, with the vanillin being present in minor proportion relative to the toluamide. A surprising decrease in black fly landings on the skin and bitings, was observed when the combination was used, compared to the toluamide alone.

Abstract: Derivatives have been formed from chitins and chitosans in which the amine residues on the polyglucosamine have been modified to form the groups:(a) --N.dbd.CHR or --NHCH.sub.2 R(b) --NHR'(c) --NHR" and(d) --NH--CH.sub.2 CO.sub.2 H or --NH--glycerylwhereR is an aromatic moiety having at least one hydroxyl or carboxyl group, or a macrocyclic ligandR' is an aldose or ketose residue, and,R" is an organometallic aldehyde residue.These derivatives are useful in chelating metals, in pharmaceutical formulations, in cosmetics, in chromatographic separations, in enzyme immobilization, as catalysts, etc. Galactomannans having selected amine-containing side chains have also been prepared by reductive amination.

Abstract: A sensitive method for detecting damage of DNA, e.g. resulting from exposure of living cells or whole organisms to low doses of radiation or chemicals, is described comprising: partial lysis of exposed cells to access the DNA; alkaline denaturing the DNA; after a selected interval stopping the denaturation by lowering the pH to a selected value; rendering the lysate homogeneous; adding an appropriate fluorescent dye which interacts preferentially with double-stranded DNA and measuring the resulting fluorescence. The decrease in fluorescence (compared to that before denaturation) is a measure of the rate of DNA denaturation which is directly proportional to the extent of DNA damage. Several factors, particularly the lowered pH at which the denaturation is stopped, have been found important for increased sensitivity. The method is suitable for monitoring the effect on DNA in living cells of environmental factors, drug and radiation therapy, and for toxicology studies.

Abstract: A method of upgrading a product containing a minor proportion of pre-vitamin d.sub.2 or pre-vitamin d.sub.3 and a major proportion of tachysterol comprising irradiating the product with laser light in the wavelength range 330-360 nanometers to obtain a product containing approximately 95% pre-vitamin -D.sub.2 or pre-vitamin -D.sub.3, and heating this product to convert the pre-vitamin -D.sub.2 or pre-vitamin -D.sub.3 to vitamin -D.sub.2 or vitamin -D.sub.3.

Abstract: Certain isolated fractions, extracted from allergy-causing molds, have been found to be antigenic but non-allergenic, and are able to decrease substantially or prevent the susceptibility to mold allergens of allergic individuals. The antigenic non-allergenic fractions contain protein and carbohydrate and have molecular weights which have been found to vary with the mold source. Increased polyvalent protection can be realized by combining fractions from different molds, e.g. Alternaria with Hormodendrum or Helminthosporium. The extracts are administered parenterally, preferably subcutaneously in isotonic saline.

Abstract: Finely divided proteinaceous solids suspended in a non-polar organic liquid are formed into agglomerates by contacting the suspension with an immiscible polar liquid comprising selected alkanol-water mixtures, agitating the 3-phase system to effect agglomeration, separating the agglomerates and recovering the proteinaceous solids. The proteinaceous solids are usually derived from cereal grains or legume seeds, particularly those on which a milling, fractionation or solvent extraction is carried out in a non-polar organic liquid medium.

Abstract: A method for photochemical separation or enrichment of isotopes of carbon-13 and oxygen-18 employing 123.58 nm resonance radiation of Kr of selected band-width and degrees of self-absorption in order to excite selectively to the A.sup.1 .pi.v'=13 state, .sup.13 C.sup.16 O, .sup.12 C.sup.18 O, or both .sup.13 C.sup.16 O and .sup.12 C.sup.18 O simultaneously, in a mixture of isotopic CO molecules where the .sup.12 C.sup.16 O isotopic molecule is in a large excess. The electronically excited isotopic CO molecules react with a second reactant to yield isotope enriched final products which can be separated; for example, ground state CO as second reactant yields CO.sub.2 and C.sub.3 O.sub.2 products.

Abstract: Uranium ores, concentrates, calcines or tailings are processed to remove radium and thorium as well as uranium. Selected ores, concentrates or tailings, or if more appropriate, chlorination calcines thereof, are leached by selected aqueous chlorine-containing media (preferably in two stages) until uranium, radium and thorium are substantially all dissolved, with the insoluble residual solids being suitable for disposal. The leach solution is treated to recover sequentially uranium, usually thorium, and radium by selected techniques. The radium recovered can be disposed of in any environmentally-acceptable manner. The amount of iron in the residual leach liquor should be controlled to avoid iron build-up, with the barren leach solution being suitable for recycle.

Abstract: In pressurized water-cooled nuclear reactors, the formation of deposits on surfaces in the core of the reactor, e.g. on fuel sheaths, is suppressed by maintaining in the circulating pressurized water, a high concentration of ammonia ranging from about 120 to about 200 mg NH.sub.3 /kg water. Crevice corrosion of the fuel sheaths is avoided, even under localized boiling conditions, since the pH never attains a corrosively high level. The crevice corrosion danger with lithium can be reduced by replacing part of the lithium with ammonia.

Abstract: The solvent extraction separation and recovery of copper and zinc from complex chloride liquors; e.g. those resulting from the low temperature chlorination and leach of a copper-lead-zinc sulphide ore or concentrate; are described, including the selection of sequence, conditions, extractants, scrubbing and stripping media and adaptations for electrowinning and recycle. High purity copper sulphate and zinc chloride electrolytes are produced for subsequent direct electrowinning. Lead may also be recovered.