Abstract: Ultra-high molecular weight poly(N-propionylethylenimines) are disclosed that are useful as water purification agents. The polymers of this invention include partially deacylated poly(N-propionylethylenimines) derived from poly(N-propionylethylenimines) having a weight average molecular weight, M.sub.w, between about 1 million and about 20 million. The polymers have a degree of deacylation that ranges from about 10% to about 90%.

Abstract: Semiconductor doping compositions comprising a suspension of (a) a dopant material, in the form of finely divided spherical particles of narrow size distribution from about 0.1 D to D, where D is the diameter of the largest particle and is no more than about (1.mu.) comprising a member selected from the group consisting of B.sub.x Si.sub.y, B.sub.x N.sub.y, P.sub.x Si.sub.y, P.sub.x N.sub.y, As.sub.x Si.sub.y and Sb.sub.x Si.sub.y wherein x and y vary from about 0.001 to about 99.999 mole percent, (b) an effective amount of a thermally degradable polymeric organic binder such as polymethyl methacrylate; and (c) an amount of an organic solvent, such a cyclohexanone, sufficient to dissolve said polymeric organic binder, such as polymethylmethacrylate, and to disperse said dopant material are disclosed.

Abstract: Impact modified polyamide/polyether block copolymers have increased impact strength for corresponding polyol concentration, which can be achieved using certain difunctional and tri-functional symmetrical triazine derivatives as the co-catalyst/coupling agent, and lactamyl salts as the catalyst. Also disclosed is an improved anionic polymerization process, especially suitable for reaction injection molding.

Abstract: Crude hexafluoroacetone containing as impurities nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide is purified by admixing with water to form an aqueous solution, admixing the aqueous solution with concentrated sulfuric acid or oleum to form a vapor and scrubbing the vapor with liquid concentrated sulfuric acid to produce purified anhydrous hexafluoroacetone. The sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides interact with the aqueous solution and concentrated sulfuric acid so as not to be found in the purified product, thus obviating the need for a neutralization step.

Abstract: Mixed oxides of bismuth with other metals of the perovskite structure and having vacant lattice sites in the same lattice positions occupied by bismuth are disclosed as partial oxidation and ammoxidation catalysts. Such oxides are used as catalysts in the improved method of oxidizing an acyclic hydrocarbon of 1-10 carbons having at most one olefinic unsaturation by reacting the acyclic hydrocarbon in the vapor phase with oxygen in the presence of the solid catalyst to form products having carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

Abstract: Batteries are disclosed with electrodes, especially cathodes, having a conjugated backbone polymer such as polyacetylene as electroactive material and a coating. The coating is formed by reaction between the oxidized polymer and a pyrrole, thiophene, azulene, furan or aniline compound.

Abstract: Rechargable battery with a conjugated backbone polymer anode which has been coated, when in the reduced state, by contact with a monomer with a reactive oxirane group. Reduced polyacetylene anodes, after reaction with ethylene oxide, offer improved stability to solvents.

Abstract: Conjugated backbone polymer electrodes such as polyacetylene anodes are coated with the reaction product of the reduced polymer with a sultone or sulfonate. Such coating may have occurred by using a sultone such as propane sultone in the electrolyte of a battery with such an anode, or in electrode preparation. The coating improves the stability of the electrode, especially when the polymer is highly reduced during battery use, whether the sultone remains as all or part of the electrolyte, or the sultone is replaced by a solvent such as propylene carbonate in the electrolyte for the battery containing coated electrode.

Abstract: Silicon tetrafluoride gas is produced by reacting aqueous fluosilicic acid and concentrated sulfuric acid in a vertical column. The fluosilicic acid is fed to an intermediate point of the column and the sulfuric acid to the top of the column. Silicon dioxide, both dissolved and suspended, is fed with fluosilicic acid in some forms so as to produce a by-product acid substantially free of silicon and fluoride values.

Abstract: A reaction between pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and less than two moles of fluoroalcohol produces an intermediate with ester, free acid and anhydride groups. Reaction with an oxirane compound such as epichlorohydrin reacts at the acid sites to produce pendant hydroxyls which react with anhydride on adjacent molecules to produce oligomers. Products with fluoroalcohol:PMDA ratios of, for example, about 1:0.6 to about 1:0.85 produce treated fibers with improved retention of oil repellancy, especially when annealed at 100.degree.-130.degree. C.

Abstract: An improved poly(vinyl acetate) which on hydrolysis and reacetylation has an intrinsic viscosity of at least about 5 dL/g and an improved poly(vinyl alcohol) which on acetylation yields poly(vinyl acetate) having an intrinsic viscosity of at least about 5 dL/g. Such poly(vinyl acetate) can be prepared by photo-initiated free radical bulk polymerization of vinyl acetate with controlled low initiator concentration, polymerization temperature and reaction time. Such poly(vinyl alcohol) can be prepared by conventional alcoholysis of the poly(vinyl acetate).

Abstract: Batteries and especially secondary batteries employing an anode comprising aluminum and a molten, non-aqueous electrolyte containing admixtures of aluminum halide and 1,2,3-trialkylimidazolium halides having the formula TimX: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are independently alkyl groups of 1 to 12 carbons and X is independently halide or mixtures of halides, e.g., chloride and/or bromide are disclosed. The molar ratio of aluminum hereinafter denoted by Al, to trialkylimidalozium, hereinafter denoted by Tim, in the electrolyte, may be varied over a wide range so as to make the molten electrolyte composition acidic and as such the electrolyte is useful in batteries, especially secondary batteries employing aluminum anodes and a variety of cathodes.

Abstract: Batteries and especially secondary batteries employing selected anodes and cathodes such as conjugated backbone polymers and transition metal chalcogenides inserted with alkali metal cations (especially lithium) and molten, non-aqueous electrolyte compositions containing admixture of aluminum halide and at least one of 1,2,3-trialkylimidazolium halide and 1,3-dialkylimidazolium halide having the formulae TimX and DimX, respectively: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, R.sub.4, and R.sub.5 are independently alkyl groups of 1 to 12 carbons and X is independently halide, e.g., chloride and bromide and in some instances an alkali metal and/or tetraalkylammonium salt which may also be incorporated into the electrolyte composition are disclosed.

Abstract: A polymer solution is formed from a sulfur- or oxygen-containing aromatic polymer solute such as poly(phenylene sulfide) or poly(phenylene oxide), a Lewis Acid solute derivative (dopant) such as arsenic hexafluoride and a strong acid solvent such as sulfuric acid. Solvents such as fluorosulfonic acid may also serve to generate the dopant. The solutions are especially useful for casting polymer articles.

Abstract: A novel process for producing hydrogen and sulfur via the thermal decomposition of hydrogen sulfide is disclosed. The thermal decomposition of hydrogen sulfide is accomplished by passing a hydrogen sulfide containing gas through a reaction chamber containing a refractory material that has been preheated to a temperature between about 982.degree. C. and about 1816.degree. C. so that a gas stream comprising hydrogen, sulfur and hydrogen sulfide is produced. While one reaction chamber is used for decomposition, another is being preheated with hot gases such as a sulfur dioxide-oxygen mixture from a sulfur burner. When the peak temperature in the first reaction chamber declines to a selected value, the functions of the two reaction chambers are reversed.

Abstract: Pyromellitate diester-diacid chlorides are disclosed that are useful as intermediates in the synthesis of a variety of soil and water repelling compounds. The pyromellitates of this invention characteristically contain two ester moieties wherein said ester moieties contain a fluorinated or saturated hydrocarbon alkyl moiety. The pyromellitates additionally contain two acid chloride moieties which are capable of reacting with various compounds to produce various products useful as surfactants.

Abstract: An etchable electrophotographic printing plate comprising a coating on a surface of an electroconductive support such as grained, anodized aluminum of effective amounts of photoconductive ZnO and of a sensitizing dye dispersed in an organic resin binder comprised of about 60-90 wt. % of C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 alkenyl C.sub.2 -C.sub.8 alkanoate, about 5-30 wt. % of di(C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl) C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 alkenedionate, about 2-8 wt. % of C.sub.3 -C.sub.8 alkenoic acid or C.sub.4 -C.sub.8 alkenedioic acid, and about 0.5-5.0 wt. % of a cross-linking agent. The preferred thermally cross-linkable organic resin binder is a random copolymer of 70 wt. % vinyl acetate, 24 wt. % dibutyl maleate; 5 wt. % acrylic acid and 1 wt. % glycidyl methacrylate. The etchable printing plate of the present invention is environmentally safe, has excellent shelf life and high sensitivity to actinic radiation.

Abstract: Articles such as vests, helmets and structural elements containing a network of ultrahigh molecular weight, high strength, high modulus polyethylene or polypropylene fibers. The fibers, and especially polyethylene fibers of 15, 20, 25, 30 or more g/denier tenacity, and 300, 500, 1,000, 1,500 or more g/denier tensile modulus impart exceptional ballistic resistance to the articles in spite of the melting points, e.g. 145.degree.-151.degree. C. for the polyethylene fibers and 168.degree.-171.degree. C. for the polypropylene fibers, which are high for these polymers, but substantially lower than the 200.degree. C. or more melting point previously thought necessary for good ballistic resistance.

Abstract: Fibers prepared by spinning, drawing and drying dilute solutions of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene or polypropylene are modified by including in the dilute solution a polymeric additive. The polyethylene fibers so prepared have melting points above 140.degree. C. and exhibit improved adherence to matrices, resistance to fibrillation and other advantageous properties. Additives include lower molecular weight polyolefins, oxidized polyolefins, olefin copolymers, polyolefin graft copolymers and polyoxymethylenes.

Abstract: Ethanol is concentrated from ethanol-water mixtures by extraction or extractive distillation with a solvent which is a cyclic ketone of at least seven carbons or cyclic alcohol of at least eight carbons such a cyclohexylcyclohexanone or cyclohexylcyclohexanol. In the extractive distillation process, a first overheads is produced which can be made to be steam with minimal ethanol content and a second overhead is produced which can be made to be essentially pure ethanol. The preferred solvents are also non-toxic, such that the alcohol can be used for human consumption.