Abstract: A water-soluble cationic copolymer having the general formula: ##STR1## wherein Z represents --C(.dbd.O)O(CH.sub.2).sub.n N.sup..sym. R.sup.4 R.sup.5 R.sup.6 X.sup..crclbar., --C(.dbd.O)NH(CH.sub.2).sub.n N.sup..sym. R.sup.4 R.sup.5 R.sup.6 X.sup..crclbar., ##STR2## or residual groups of --CH.sub.2 N.sup..sym. (R.sup.4 R.sup.5)CH.sub.2 CH.dbd.CH.sub.2 X.sup..crclbar. or mixtures thereof, and n is 1 to 5; R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are independently selected from the group consisting of H or C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkyl; R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are independently C.sub.1 to C.sub.3 alkyl; and X is a halide, hydroxyl or alkylsulfate anion; and wherein x, y, and q represent molar percents of monomeric units in the copolymer such that q is 1 to 99 mol %, and the molar ratio of x to y is from 0 to 10.The copolymers of this invention are useful as flocculating agents and as drainage/retention aids in pulp and papermaking operations.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for accelerating the settling of finely divided, oil-and-water-insoluble solids in hydrocarbon fluids using an effective amount of an alkylphenol-formaldehyde resin alkoxylate having a molecular weight of about 500 to about 5,000. Preferably, the hydrocarbon is a fluid catalytic cracker slurry containing spent catalyst fines.

Abstract: Methods for inhibiting organic fouling of heat transfer surfaces in contact with an alcohol distillation stream are discussed. The methods include adding to the alcohol distillation stream an effective inhibiting amount of a treatment including a high molecular weight anionic polymer.

Abstract: A process for the percolation leaching of minerals from a mineral-beating ore comprises agglomerating the mineral-bearing ore with an agglomerating agent of a cationic block copolymer having a polymeric segment and a block containing an ammonium cation optionally with a block derived from an acrylamide monomer, forming the ore/agglomerating agent mixture into a heap, and leaching the heap by percolation with a leaching solution for subsequent recovery of the minerals at an acidic pH.

Abstract: Methods for inhibiting the carryover of foam in a delayed coker unit processing hydrocarbon liquids are disclosed. A non-silicone defoamer compound is added to the hydrocarbon until the foam height surpasses a predetermined value. A silicone defoamer compound is then added to the hydrocarbon to knock down the foam head and inhibit carryover of the foam.

Abstract: A cleaning and passivating treatment for metals comprising an amphoteric surfactant which is a caprylic acid derivative of imidazoline compounds. The treatment is substantially free of amines, alkanolamines and phosphates. The preferred treatment includes small quantities of borate ions and molybdate ions. In addition a nonionic surfactant may be added as a foam control agent.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for using tracers to monitor industrial process equipment to which liquid is added and from which liquid is removed. In preferred embodiments, the methods are directed to detecting water leakage in a boiler in which an aqueous temperature control liquid is supplemented with feedwater at a known or unknown rate and is removed as blowdown, sootblower steam and steam at a known rate.

Abstract: A non-chrome, substantially siloxane free composition and method for passivating a galvanized metal surface is disclosed. The passivation treatment includes an alkyl methacrylate polymer.

Abstract: A process and composition for deinking waste paper is disclosed. The process comprises administering a sufficient amount of a mixture containing (a) an alcohol, randomly alkoxylated with a mixture of alkylene oxides to form a surfactant, (b) a thiol ethoxylate surfactant, and (c) a secondary alcohol alkoxylate, to a sample of waste paper for which treatment is desired. The surfactant enhances the aggregation and densification of electrostatic toner particles, while promoting foaming in the aqueous slurry.

Abstract: Methods of treating circulating water containing oversprayed waterborne and/or solventborne paint, such as in a paint spray booth operation with copolymer of lignosulfonate and a cationic monomer subunit with Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3 and/or NaOH. The method does not require the use of metal salts or silicates.

Abstract: A contaminant precipitating composition and method are disclosed. The composition comprises a water soluble, branched, polydithiocarbamic acid salt effective for the purpose of precipitating contaminants from an aqueous solution. The method comprises adding an amount of the composition effective for the purpose to the aqueous solution so as to complex, precipitate and remove contaminants from the aqueous solution.

Abstract: A stable aqueous solution comprising a water soluble salt of a magnesium compound is used to reduce deposits in kilns or furnaces used to make iron ore agglomerates, known as pellets, during iron ore calcination.

Abstract: An agent for treatment of paper machine press section felts is described which comprises one or more anionic polymers having a weight average molecular weight of 500 to less than 5000 selected from polycarboxylic acids and derivatives thereof, and/or 2-phosphino-1,2,4-tricarboxybutane. The novel agent, which preferably comprises a surfactant, inhibits the blinding of paper machine press section felts and provides improved felt conditioning at much lower concentration levels than known commercial products.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for automatic determination of cloud point temperature and pour point temperature of a petroleum fraction. The apparatus is comprised of a receptacle for holding a sample of the petroleum fraction, a light source, a light detector, heaters, coolers and a proximity sensor combined with a motion indicator to determine cloud and pour point temperature. The apparatus has thermocouples to determine the temperature of samples within the container as the sample is heated and cooled. Measurements of light refraction are used to determine cloud point temperature. Detection of the freezing in place of a motion indicator is used to determine pour point temperature. The apparatus is particularly useful for determining the cloud point and pour point temperatures of middle distillate petroleum fuels and the pour point temperature of dark oils and for determining the amount of pour point depressant needed to achieve desired cloud and pour point temperatures in a fuel.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for inhibiting the polymerization of vinyl aromatic monomers in oxygen-free processing systems are disclosed. The compositions comprise a hydroxylamine compound, a phenylenediamine compound and a vinyl aromatic monomer. The methods comprise adding to the monomer bis-N,N'(hydroxypropyl)hydroxylamine.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are provided for removing hard-body cleaners from cooling water downstream of a heat exchanger. The bodies are removed from the cooling water by a screen placed such that water flowing in and out of a container which is open to the atmosphere flows through the screen. Bar rake screens, traveling screens or other stationary forms of screens may be used. The cleaning bodies are removed from the screen by mechanical, gravity or fluid flow forces, and then may be recirculated to a heat exchanger.

Abstract: Methods for suppressing the dissemination of dust emissions from dust producing materials are disclosed. Fugitive dust emissions are suppressed by applying aqueous solutions of a copolymer of tannin and a cationic monomer to the dust producing materials.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for inhibiting vinyl aromatic monomer polymerization during processing are disclosed. The compositions comprise a dinitrosalicylic acid derivative and a hydroxylamine compound. The methods comprise adding the composition to the monomer during processing. The preferred composition comprises 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid or 3,5-dinitrosalicylic methyl ester and bis-(hydroxypropyl)hydroxylamine.

Abstract: The polymerization of a vinyl aromatic monomer such as styrene is inhibited by the addition of a composition of a benzoquinone derivative and a hydroxylamine compound.

Abstract: A sensor for deposit build-up in plant, for example a paper-making installation, comprising a probe mounted with respect to a mounting body and including at least one strain gauge for measuring the flexural strain in a flexurally deformable body strained by imbalance in the probe in response to the combined mass of the probe and the deposit build-up thereon. The process of the invention envisages using the resulting signal for controlling the application of a deposit-controlling composition. An optional further sensor enables detection of the nature of the deposition whose quantity is sensed by the strain gauge.