Abstract: Embodiments of methods, apparatuses, devices and systems associated with a pre-aligned light source for use with a light gathering reflector are disclosed.

Abstract: A method for accurately diagnosing deterioration in an emission control system for a lean burn internal combustion engine is presented. The emission control system includes an Active Lean NOx (ALNC) Catalyst and a system for injecting a hydrocarbon-based reductant into the ALNC thereby improving its NOx conversion efficiency. The method teaches calculating a rate of change of exotherm across the ALNC and differentiating between deterioration of the ALNC and deterioration of the reductant injection system based on the magnitude and the sign of the rate of change of the exotherm. Once the diagnosis of deterioration is made, and the deteriorated component is identified, appropriate corrective measures, such as adjusting or discontinuing the reductant injection amount, and setting diagnostic codes, are taken.