Abstract: The present invention provides an organic acid metal salt obtained by reacting a saturated monocarboxylic acid or its salt and an inorganic magnesium compound. The saturated monocarboxylic acid or its salt contains at least 97 wt % of a saturated monocarboxylic acid having 4 to 10 carbon atoms or its salt, and the organic acid metal salt contains at least 99 wt % of an organic acid magnesium salt. This organic acid metal salt consists essentially of an organic acid magnesium salt, and has excellent solubility in an alcohol solvent or a mixed solvent containing at least 5 wt % of an alcohol solvent and excellent temporal stability when being formed into a coating liquid for forming a magnesium oxide film. A coating film obtained from this coating liquid has excellent uniformity and provides a highly transparent magnesium oxide film having a thickness suitable for practical use by baking.

Abstract: Systems and methodologies are disclosed for increasing the number of memory cells associated with a lithographic feature. The systems comprise memory elements that are formed on the sidewalls of the lithographic feature by employing various depositing and etching processes. The side wall memory cells can have a bit line of the wafer as the first electrode and operate with a second formed electrode to activate a portion of an organic matter that is formed there between.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed that facilitate producing probabilistic outputs also referred to as posterior probabilities. The probabilistic outputs include an estimate of classification strength. The present invention intercepts non-probabilistic classifier output and applies a set of kernel models based on a softmax function to derive the desired probabilistic outputs. Such probabilistic outputs can be employed with handwriting recognition where the probability of a handwriting sample classification is combined with language models to make better classification decisions.

Abstract: A system and method facilitating pattern recognition is provided. The invention includes a pattern recognition system having a convolutional neural network employing feature extraction layer(s) and classifier layer(s). The feature extraction layer(s) comprises convolutional layers and the classifier layer(s) comprises fully connected layers. The pattern recognition system can be trained utilizing a calculated cross entropy error. The calculated cross entropy error is utilized to update trainable parameters of the pattern recognition system.

Abstract: In a two-step spacer fabrication process for a non-volatile memory device, a thin oxide layer is deposited on a wafer substrate leaving a gap in the core of the non-volatile memory device. Implantation and/or oxide-nitride-oxide removal can be accomplished through this gap. After implantation, a second spacer is deposited. After the second spacer deposition, a periphery spacer etch is performed. By the above method, a spacer is formed.

Abstract: A system and/or method that generates user interface output sequences controlled by a user interface output system. The user interface output system can provide event definitions to an application pro that specify high-level actions to be performed by the sequence and can issue low-level commands to direct the actions of the user interface output sequence. The user interface output system provides a user interface output controller, which acts as an interface between an application program and the low-level commands which specify tasks for the user interface output sequence to perform. The user interface output controller is generated from a specification, using a planning methodology.

Abstract: One aspect of the present invention relates to a wafer containing a semiconductor substrate, at least one metal layer formed over the semiconductor substrate, and at least one electrical sensor embedded at least one of on and in the wafer to facilitate real time monitoring of the metal layer as it progresses through a subtractive metallization process. Another aspect of the present relates to a system and method for monitoring a subtractive metallization process in real time in order to effectuate an immediate response in the on-going process. The system contains a wafer comprising at least one metal layer formed on a semiconductor substrate, at least one electrical sensor in contact with the wafer and operable to detect and transmit electrical activity associated with the wafer, and an electrical measurement station operable to process electrical activity detected and received from the electrical sensor for monitoring a subtractive metallization process in real-time.

Abstract: A thin film Zener diode, comprising: (a) a thin film comprised of at least one layer including at least one organic material; and (b) first and second electrodes in contact with respective opposite sides of the thin film, wherein the materials of the first and second electrodes and the thickness of the thin film are selected to provide a pre-selected Zener threshhold voltage.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for patterning a non conductive dielectric on a surface of a conductive polymer. The conductive polymer can be part of an organic memory cell. Hydrogen ions created form molecular hydrogen being exposed to short wave length radiation, are employed as mobile positive ion charge carriers to create a non-conductive die-electric pattern on a conductive and/or semiconductive polymer surface of the organic memory cell. Such process reduces number of masking steps performed. In addition, the process is scalable with lithographic wave length and can be performed on wide spread tool sets and photoresist material available in commercial market.

Abstract: One aspect of the invention relates to a dehydrogenation catalyst composite containing alumina, chromium oxide, lithium oxide, and sodium oxide. The invention also relates to methods of making the dehydrogenation catalyst composite. Another aspect of the invention relates to method of dehydrogenating a dehydrogenatable hydrocarbon involving contacting the dehydrogenatable hydrocarbon with a dehydrogenation catalyst composite containing alumina, chromium oxide, lithium oxide, and sodium oxide to provide a dehydrogenated hydrocarbon, such as an olefin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a personal shopping system for combined use in both the home of a user and a shopping establishment. The system includes a host computer which is coupled to a host modem and, optionally, to at least one wireless multi-access point. The portable terminal can be used in both the shopping establishment and the home of the user. It is configured to read bar codes associated with items related to shopping, and includes a memory, a bar code reader, a wireless transceiver, and a data interface. The data interface of the terminal communicates with a data interface of the shopping establishment kiosk cradle or directly with the shopping establishment's communications network.

Abstract: An indicator apparatus facilitates visibility of one or more indicators from multiple angles. The apparatus includes a housing having an outer sidewall portion. The sidewall portion, for example, has a first side extending between two adjacent sides. One or more elongated slots are formed in the sidewall portion. A substantially translucent material is disposed in the slot so that the translucent material is visible from more than one side of the housing, such as the first side and another side through which the slot extends. A light source is operatively associated with the substantially translucent material for illuminating the material. As a result, when the light source illuminates the substantially translucent material, the illuminated translucent material is visible from more than one side of the housing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and methodology to facilitate machine learning and predictive capabilities in a processing environment. In one aspect of the present invention, a Mutual Information Model is provided to facilitate predictive state determinations in accordance with signal or data analysis, and to mitigate classification error. The model parameters are computed by maximizing a convex combination of the mutual information between hidden states and the observations and the joint likelihood of states and observations in training data. Once the model parameters have been learned, new data can be accurately classified.

Abstract: Streaming data is processed through one or more pipes of connected modules including mixers and/or splitters. The data is carried in composite physically allocated frames having virtual subframes associated with different ones of the splitters, mixers, and other transform modules. Nesting trees and pipe control tables represent the structure of the pipes. A frame allocator is assigned to a particular module in a pipe. Rather than issuing a control transaction to all modules when any one of them completes an operation upon its source data, a control manager requests a module to begin its operation only when all of its input subframes have become available. Frame control tables record when any module has completed an operation, and a pipe control table lists which modules provide data to which other modules.

Abstract: A system and method facilitating progressively transforming and coding digital pictures is provided. The present invention via employment of a multi-resolution lapped transform provides for progressive rendering as well as mitigation of blocking artifacts and ringing artifacts as compared to many conventional compression systems. The invention includes a color space mapper, a multi-resolution lapped transform, a quantizer, a scanner and an entropy encoder. The multi-resolution lapped transform outputs transform coefficients, for example, first transform coefficients and second transform coefficients. A multi-resolution representation can be obtained utilizing second transform coefficients of the multi-resolution lapped transform. The color space mapper maps an input image to a color space representation of the input image. The color space representation of the input image is then provided to the multi-resolution lapped transform.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for time synchronization of operations in a control system. Synchronization networks and devices are provided for transferring synchronization information between controllers in a distributed or localized control system, which is employed in order to allow operation of such controllers to be synchronized with respect to time. Also disclosed are synchronization protocols and hardware apparatus employed in synchronizing control operations in a control system.

Abstract: The present invention provides systems and methods that employ a continuously variable optical delay line to introduce a delay into a transmitted optical signal. The delay line comprises a holey fiber configured in a spiral layout, wherein one end of the fiber is operative to a reflective fluid reservoir and the other end in operative to an input port. A segmented piezoelectric actuator is employed to position a reflective fluid within the fiber, utilizing a commutated technique that continuously moves the fluid. A signal received at the input port is routed through the holey fiber at an angle of incidence to achieve total internal reflection. The signal traverses towards the reflective fluid, and reflects back towards the input port after coming into contact with the fluid's surface. The delay introduced into the signal is a function of the distance traveled through the delay line.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for personalizing and refining policies within a general notification platform. The system includes a profile definition and selection system that receives contextual information relating to a user state. The profile definition and selection system generates and/or relays a set of control parameters based at least partially upon the contextual information, and a notification manager selectively sends a user notification and/or communication based upon the set of control parameters. Methods are provided for tuning the notification platform. This may include defining one or more context profiles, assigning values to parameters employed in one or more context profiles, determining a current user context, determining which of the one or more user profiles is consistent with the current user context, and utilizing the parameter value associated with the one or more context profiles consistent with the current user context to adjust the notification system.

Abstract: An improved raster engine adapted to render video data from a frame buffer to one of a plurality of disparate displays is disclosed which comprises an integral bounded video signature analyzer, a hardware cursor apparatus supporting dual scanned displays, programmatic support for multiple disparate display types, multi-mode programmable hardware blinking, programmable multiple color depth digital display interface, and programmable matrix controlled grayscale generation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to inspection methods and systems utilized to provide a best means for inspection of a wafer. The methods and systems include wafer-to-reticle alignment, layer-to-layer alignment and wafer surface feature inspection. The wafer-to-reticle alignment is improved by the addition of diagonal lines to existing alignment marks to decrease the intersection size and corresponding area that a desired point can reside. Layer-to-layer alignment is improved in a similar manner by the addition of oblique and/or non-linear line segments to existing overlay targets. Also, providing for wafer surface inspection in a multitude of desired diagonal axes allows for more accurate feature measurement.