Abstract: The present invention provides a novel class of hard nano-structured materials comprising sp.sup.2 bonded graphite-like layers bonded together by sp.sup.3 three-dimensional diamond-like frameworks, wherein the whole carbon structure is stabilized with at least two alloying elements: the first alloying element selected from the group consisting of O, H, N, and a combination thereof; and the second alloying element selected from the group consisting of Si, B, Zr, Ti, V, Cr, Be, Hf, Al, Nb, Ta, Mo, W, Mn, Re, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Re, Fe, Co, Ni and a combination thereof. Also disclosed, are methods of manufacture of the novel class of materials.