Abstract: A system and method is disclosed for bonding a substrate to a semiconductor die that is prone to curling when subjected to an elevated temperature in a solder reflow oven, for example, thereby improving the electrical and mechanical bonding for large dies, wafers, chips, and photovoltaic cells. In one embodiment, the substrate is adapted to curl to the same degree as the die to form a uniform gap between the substrate and die across the boundary there between. In another embodiment, solder used to bond the die and substrate is applied such that the volume deposited varies based on the expected gap between the die and substrate when heated to the melting temperature of the solder.

Abstract: A three-dimensional printer adapted to construct three dimensional objects is disclosed. In an exemplary embodiment, the printer includes a first surface adapted to receive a bulk layer of sinterable powder, a polymer such as nylon powder; a radiant energy source, e.g., an incoherent heat source adapted to focus the heat energy to sinter an image from the layer of sinterable powder; and a transfer mechanism adapted to transfer or print the sintered image from the first surface to the object being assembled while fusing the sintered image to the object being assembled. The transfer mechanism is preferably adapted to simultaneously deposit and fuse the sintered image to the object being assembled. The process of generating an image and transferring it to the object being assembled is repeated for each cross section until the assembled object is completed.

Abstract: Disclosed is an electrowetting-based apparatus comprising, in some embodiments, a plurality of immiscible fluids. The boundary between the fluids is made substantially planar with the application of select voltages to electrodes distributed around the cell containing the fluids. The electrodes are also adapted to alter the orientation of the substantially-planar fluid boundary, thereby allowing the fluid boundary to be steered in a determined direction. Light impinging on the boundary may therefore be refracted and redirected in a determined direction. Similarly, a reflective surface may be held in suspension at the fluid boundary, thereby providing a mirror with which to redirect impinging light. The electrowetting cell disclosed herein may be used as an optical switch, actuator, lens, concentrator, or like device.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus that provide a hardware abstraction layer (HAL) for a robot are disclosed. A HAL can reside as a software layer or as a firmware layer residing between robot control software and underlying robot hardware and/or an operating system for the hardware. The HAL provides a relatively uniform abstract for aggregates of underlying hardware such that the underlying robotic hardware is transparent to perception and control software, i.e., robot control software. This advantageously permits robot control software to be written in a robot-independent manner. Developers of robot control software are then freed from tedious lower level tasks. Portability is another advantage. For example, the HAL efficiently permits robot control software developed for one robot to be ported to another. In one example, the HAL permits the same navigation algorithm to be ported from a wheeled robot and used on a humanoid legged robot.

Abstract: A detachable pedal assembly including an axle assembly and a binding assembly with an automatic release mechanism is disclosed. The axle assembly includes a thrust bearing and threads to engage the crank. The binding assembly includes a pedal and clasp that detachably receives and locks the thrust bearing of the axle assembly in operational engagement. When a predetermined force is applied the binding assembly automatically releases from the axle assembly to permit the cyclist to dismount or avoid injury in an accident. Furthermore, the position of the release mechanism to the side of the binding assembly permits the binding assembly to be offset from the axle axis, thereby improving increased riding efficiency, lower aerodynamic drag, and increased turning clearance.

Abstract: A switching device for forwarding network traffic to a desired destination on a network, such as a telephone or computer network. The switching device includes multiple ports and uses a lookup table containing lookup keys to determine which port to forward network traffic over. The lookup table includes disparate forwarding databases that contain database entries in different formats. For example, one forwarding databases may relate to MAC addresses, while another database relates to IP addresses. The disparate databases are maintained in a single lookup table and a binary search engine searches the table without regard to the database format. Like-kind database entries are grouped within the lookup table and the lookup table is maintained in sorted order by prepending format identification bits to the lookup keys. Memory availability for the disparate databases can be dynamically changed allowing customization for a particular user application.

Abstract: A composite material for use as a skateboard deck or other sports board. The composite skateboard deck of the preferred embodiment is comprised of two structural layers bonded to and on either side of a light, flexible core. The structural layers made of a strong, resilient material comprised of a natural fiber-embedded-matrix, this class of materials including grasses such as bamboo, hemp and kanaf. The composite skateboard deck of the present invention is strong, light, durable, resilient, environmentally friendly, and derived from a more renewable resource with no loss of pop or memory.

Abstract: Disclosed is a display assembly comprising a graphical or alphanumeric display and display source such as a clock or other timepiece; a display housing for retaining the display; self-righting means rotatably coupled to the display and display housing with a predetermined bias; a body; and a connecting means operatively engaging the display housing and body. The connecting means in the form of a Cassegrain assembly allows the display housing to swivel with respect to the body over 360 degrees through a vertical plane and horizontal plane independently. The display, when operatively coupled to the self-righting means, is automatically maintained in a substantially upright position independent of the orientation display housing, thereby allowing the display to be turned to face a viewer at any angle without repositioning the body or leveling the display.