Abstract: A method for generating new forward error correction codes, called skew codes, for the reliable transmission of data in noisy channels is disclosed. The method involves adding additional sets of parity equations across the third dimension of a cubic array of bits. The parity equations are applied to the cubic array such that the rectangular patterns of one square array do not match up with a rectangular pattern in another square array. By selecting skew mapping parameters of the parity equations from a set of quadratic residues of prime numbers according to specific design rules, the resulting codes are well suited to low-complexity high-speed iterative decoding, and have error correction performance and error detection capability, particularly for applications requiring high code rates.

Abstract: A DRAM having integration capacitors coupled to dummy memory cells of a folded bitline arrangement is disclosed. The dummy memory cells are identical to normal memory cells, and store a midpoint voltage via equalisation between the dummy memory cell having a logic “1” voltage potential and the dummy memory cell having a logic “0” voltage potential. The integration capacitor shares charge with both dummy cell storage capacitors during an equalisation operation to compensate for bitline voltage differences during various access cycle.

Abstract: A method of transmitting interleaved real-time and non-real-time data on a packet based network so as to provide voice Quality of Service comparable to the Time Division Multiplexing realm of traditional telephony. The method reduces packet jitter and delay by employing separate queues for the different types of data as well as through the use of jitter buffers. The interleaving method consists of a number of discrete concepts and mechanisms that when used together in the manner disclosed herein provides consistent high-quality transmission of real-time data over packet/frame/cell-based networks. The elements required for this method include time-slot co-ordination, a dynamic MTU algorithm, and a Multiple queue egress traffic management system.

Abstract: A method and device are provided for an improved system and method of labeling data units with a domain field that is fast, scalable and simple to implement in domain switching applications without adding to the protocol overhead. The system and method are also suitable for point-to-multipoint configurations.