Abstract: A head unit for remote light sensing utilizes a lens secured in one end opening proximate to the light to be sensed, as well as a passive light source having a radiating end and a passive light collector having a receiving end, the source and collector being secured in a second opening such that both are substantially adjacent to the focal point of the lens and to each other such that the lens substantially collimates light emitted from the passive light source, and focuses received external collimated light at the focal point of the lens. The passive light source and passive light collector are respectively connectible to a powered light source and a photoelectric detector.

Abstract: The present invention teaches a closed loop energy system including means capable of managing both the cooling cycle and the fuel/oxidant gas flow in conjunction with a fuel cell. The system includes a plurality of galvanic cells, gas flow conduit means, internal fluid flow conduit means, heat exchanger means, liquid-gas separator means, and gas repressurization means.

Abstract: A dental tool is disclosed having a hollow cylindrical body portion, with an enlarged angular ring at one end, said ring having an abrasive coating thereon.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dental tool which operates as a reamer, while reducing the danger of removing excessive tooth material when boring out the tooth canal. The dental tool includes a first holder end portion designed to be receiveable in a dental tool holder, such that the dental tool holder can rotate the dental tool; a second reaming end portion having a polygonal cross-section and cutting edges tapering longitudinally endwardly to a minimum effective cutting diameter plane, or a point, from a plane of maximum effective cutting diameter, and optimally also having reverse cutting surfaces tapering longitudinally in the opposite direction to an inner plane of reduced effective cutting diameter; and a shank portion extending between the two end portions. The plurality of reamer cutting edges extend axially, and are designed for reaming out a bore into a tooth canal of a patient upon rotation of the tool.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for securing a veneer onto a tooth substrate comprising removing enamel in a matrix pattern, to a predetermined depth, from the lingual or buccal surfaces of the tooth, removing the remaining outer enamel layer intermediate the matrix pattern, to the predetermined minimum depth, to provide a first, substantially level excavated enamel surface, further excavating a plurality of compact areas on the first excavated enamel surface to an additional predetermined depth therebelow, but without exposing dentin, to form an indexed enamel surface, taking an impression of such indexed enamel surface, and obtaining from said mold a dental veneer, the dental veneer having a first surface which can mate with such indexed excavated enamel surface, and a second outer surface providing an attractive dentitious appearance; and adhering the indexed veneer surface to the indexed enamel surface, so as to accurately place the veneer on a tooth as an attractive outer labial or buccal surface

Abstract: There is provided a combination dental tool for boring and grinding undercut bore holes in teeth. The tool includes a boring end portion tapering longitudinally endwardly to a minimum effective diameter at the tip and providing an axially facing cutting surface for drilling a bore into a tooth upon rotation of the tool. A shank portion extending axially from the drilling end portion includes at least two successive longitudinally extending sections, the first section having laterally facing cutting surfaces and a relatively larger effective diameter, and the second section, immediately adjacent the first section, having a relatively smaller diameter. Using this tool, an axially directed force forms the bore hole, and a laterally directed force exerted on the tool within a previously drilled bore hole, routs out an undercut portion in the internal surface of the bore.

Abstract: There is provided a dental tool for use with a reciprocating drive means and a sleeve member operatively connected to the drive means for reciprocating motion and designed to retain a dental tool, the dental tool comprising a crank portion designed to be retained for reciprocating movement by the sleeve member of the handpiece, and a dental blade, preferably with an abrasive surface, secured to one end of the shank; in one embodiment, the dental tool is preferably hollow and further comprises an axially extending channel, preferably extending along the full length of the shank and a plenum extending within the dental blade, and outlet perforations from the plenum extending through the blade, and in a second embodiment there is further provided means secured to the shank portion for applying pressure within the channel to force any fluid material within the channel and plenum out through the outlet perforations through the blade. Finally, there is provided means for dispensing fluid material, e.g.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for pressing into place, in the sub-gingival area, packing to separate a tooth and the soft tissue, or sulcus, in preparation for carrying out dental procedures. In a first embodiment, a mechanically driven packing hammer is provided for pressing conventional cord packing into place. The packing hammer comprises a reciprocating drive, a hammer comprising an elongated shank operatively and directly, but removably, connected to the reciprocating drive, and a hammer head rigidly secured to the shank; the hammer head is secured to the shank end distal from the reciprocating drive. The end surface of the hammer head is concave and extends substantially transverse to the axis of the shank. An external guide, rotatably secured to the reciprocating drive at a first end, extends along the length of, and substantially coaxial with and surrounding, the hammer.

Abstract: There is provided a dental tool for use with a reciprocating drive means and a sleeve member operatively connected to the drive means for reciprocating motion and designed to retain a dental tool, the dental tool comprising a shank portion designed to be retained for reciprocating movement by the sleeve member of the handpiece, and a dental blade, preferably with an abrasive surface, secured to one end of the shank; in one embodiment, the dental tool is preferably hollow and further comprises an axially extending channel, preferably extending along the full length of the shank and a plenum extending within the dental blade, and outlet perforations from the plenum extending through the blade, and in a second embodiment there is further provided means secured to the shank portion for spplying pressure within the channel to force any fluid material within the channel and plenum out through the outlet perforations through the blade. Finally, there is provided means for dispensing fluid material, e.g.

Abstract: An integrated power system is located adjacent a body of saline water. The power system includes a solar powered and a wind driven engine. Desalinization and electrolysis of the water is provided. The system produces carbon dioxide and hydrogen which are used to generate methanol. The methanol can be used as a fuel to drive a combustion engine.

Abstract: An integrated power system is located adjacent a body of saline water. The power system includes a solar powered and a wind driven engine. Desalinization and electrolysis of the water is provided. The system produces carbon dioxide and hydrogen which are used to generate methanol. The methanol can be used as a fuel to drive a combustion engine.