Abstract: The treatment medium comprises 5 cm cubes of soft, open-cell foam. The container basket is made from plastic mesh, arranged as a cylinder, 80 cm diameter, 100 cm high. The blocks are packed semi-tightly into the basket. The dirty water to be treated is sprinkled onto the foam from above. The container supports the saturated foam blocks in the air, and air circulates freely through the mesh. The container and blocks may be compressed for transport. A separate sub-container holds the top-most blocks, for easy replacement. Cleaned water drains out underneath the baskets. The baskets stand up on their own, and there is free service-access to the baskets during operation, for service. In place of the soft foam, other treatment materials include peat, absorbent fabrics, mineral wool, etc. Forming the treatment material into separate small blocks is preferred.

Abstract: Down-force control is provided by a top-link, which presses down the rear end of a tool-bar carrying multiple rows of seeder tools. The height of the tool bar is set front and rear during operation. The top-link includes a hydraulic ram. The ram is supplied with pressure from a pressure-reducing-relieving valve, whereby the downward-force on the rear of the tool-bar remains constant during operation. The tool bar has side wings which are pressed down by a pressure that is regulated by the same valve. The system allows the seeder to maintain constant implantation depth, even over uneven ground.

Abstract: The headrest support tubes are secured to the seat frame member not by the usual welding, but by gripping the web of the member between two rings or lock-beads swaged into the metal of the tube. The first ring is swaged-out by compressing the tube. The tube, with the one ring, is then assembled into a through-hole in the web of the frame member. Then, the second ring is swaged into the metal of the tube, on the other side of the web, and the web lies gripped between the rings. The seat frame member may be an I-section extrusion, or a round tube with localised squeezed-flat areas, flanked by flanges.

Abstract: Treatment of sewage water contaminated by phosphorus is accomplished by passing the water through iron oxide. The iron oxide is placed in close proximity to soft resilient open-cell foam, which serves to slow down, and even out, the rate of travel of the water while under treatment, thus increasing the residence time.

Abstract: This invention relates to a Multi-Layer Blown-Film Extrusion Die. An Extrusion Die is a key component of extrusion equipment, used in manufacture of Blown film for packaging industry. Although this Extrusion Die relates to production of five or more layers of blown films, it can also be used for production of lesser number of layers. While in the conventional outside fed die, melt was to be conveyed around the die in a fanning-out configuration, in this invention the polymer melt is split into two streams, before being fanned or spread around the circumference. Polymer melt enters several spiral or helical grooves prior to joining the gap that enjoins melt with other layers of the melt streams. The dimensions of spiral grooves and lands are carefully calculated, keeping in view relevant factors such as melt viscosity, shear sensitivity temperature and pressure requirements etc.

Abstract: An oil-pipe for an auto-engine has a quick-connect coupling. The pipe has a cold-pressed end-shape, which includes a radial flange. A clip abuts the flange, and secures the coupling. The larger the area of the flange, the more secure the clip, and a recess formed into the wall of the pipe immediately behind the flange adds area to the flange without requiring that the flange have a large external diameter. The recess can be rolled in, or can be formed by cold-pressing.

Abstract: The treatment system is for use with septic tank effluent. Water is passed over polyurethane foam blocks, arranged in a heap so that air can circulate freely around the blocks. The size of the foam cells is small enough that water soaks into the blocks and is retained therin. The foam is soft and easily deformed. At the points of block-to-block engagement, the blocks deflect and conform to each other, giving rise to a large contact area through which water can pass between blocks.

Abstract: The barrier is waterproof, and is used to contain contaminated groundwater within an enclosure. Steel elements are pile driven, the elements having rolled-over edge forms (5,6) which interengage. Upon interengagement, an enclosed hole (90) is created which extends from top to bottom of the piled elements. A scraper (19) on the junior element (8) cleans dirt out of the hole as the junior is driven down alongside the adjacent senior element (7). The hole may be cleaned out by inserting a hose pipe to the bottom of the hole (90) and flushing through with water. Then, a sealant is injected into the hole, using an injection tube in the hole. The interengagement of the edge forms (5,6) of the elements is such that the hole formed by the interengagement is constrained to its nominal size and shape throughout the whole height of the barrier.

Abstract: The seesaw device is adjustable as to the lengths of the moment arms on the beam, of the two seats. Children can adjust the moment-arm length of their own seat in order to compensate for weight imbalances between them. A visible display scale informs of the child of the current moment arm setting.

Abstract: The barrier is waterproof, and is used to contain contaminated groundwater within an enclosure. Steel elements, are pile driven, the elements having rolled-over edge forms (5,6) which interengage. Upon interengagement, an enclosed hole (90) is created which extends from top to bottom of the piled elements. A scraper (19) on the junior element (8) cleans dirt out of the hole as the junior is driven down alongside the adjacent senior element (7). The hole may be cleaned out by inserting a hose pipe to the bottom of the hole (90) and flushing through with water. Then, a sealant is injected into the hole, using an injection tube in the hole. The interengagement of the edge forms (5,8) of the elements is such that the hole formed by the interengagement is constrained to its nominal size and shape throughout the whole height of the barrier.

Abstract: At a road/rail crossing, rubber inserts are located alongside the rails, between the rail and the asphalt of the road. The insert has a resilient nose, which engages the under-face of the head of the rail. The insert does not touch the web of the rail, but rather the insert is wedged between the head and the flange of the rail. This engagement assists in locking the insert to the rail, by self-locking-taper action.

Abstract: The device is based on a tilt-sensing switch of the mercury-bridges-gap type. The device measures the tilt angle of the bottom slat of a roll-down door. If the slat becomes tilted, due for example to one end of the slat becoming snagged in the guideway at the side of the door, the sensor detects the tilt, and arrests the downwards movement of the door, before the slats can spill out and escape from the guideway.

Abstract: The protector comprises two plastic moldings, fastened together to form a cone around a tree planted in a city avenue. The protector prevents salt from leaching down to the root-ball of the tree, and protects the tree from damage from snow and slush piled around the tree. The protectors are temporary, and the fasteners used can be removed by the authorities, but are of the vandal-resistant type.

Abstract: The metal oxide media includes oxides and hydroxides of iron, and other metals. The material is derived from basic-oxygen steel-making process, and includes a high calcium content. The oxide surfaces facilitate the adsorption of phosphorus, and the increased pH facilitates the precipitation of calcium and other phosphates. The oxides are a catalyst for converting organic phosphorus to inorganic form. Limestone may be added to the oxides, to ensure a long-term source of calcium, and to maintain high pH for long periods.

Abstract: Treatment of halogenated hydrocarbon contaminants in groundwater is accomplished by passing the water through a bed of granular iron (43). An electrical circuit (47) is promoted for providing electrons for reducing the contaminant. The circuit may be made using a DC supply, by configuring an electrolytic circuit, or by providing a layer of a second metal such as zinc placed next to the iron bed, thereby creating a galvenic circuit.

Abstract: A skin-treatment device includes a hand-held wand, having a glass bulb, through which sparks are applied to the skin, and which generate ozone. The wand is self-contained, all the electrical components, including transformers, charging capacitors, etc, being housed in the hand-held casing. A lead connects the wand to the 110 v AC mains. The bulb is glued to the high-voltage electrode, whereby even if the bulb is broken the electrode remains covered. The spark is produced by discharging a capacitor into the primary of a spark transformer. The primary capacitor is charged during one half of the AC cycle, and the voltage on the primary capacitor is increased by charge from an auxiliary capacitor, which is charged on the other half of the cycle.

Abstract: A floating hitch for an agricultural implement has a hydraulic ram arranged for locking the implement in a raised position relative to the hitch, for transport. For transport, the ram extends into abutment with a point on the implement, and retracts out of the abutment for operation. A floating link guides the end of the ram, and the arc of movement of the floating link is such that the link lies normal to the ram axis at the point of abutment contact.

Abstract: Argon injection nozzles are provided in a close-spaced series lengthwise along a treatment trough, in which liquid aluminum is conveyed. The gas is blown in at high Reynolds No, whereby the jets break up into small bubbles. A high average bubble population density is achieved over the whole volume of liquid metal in the treatment trough. De-gassing is achieved in a metal residence time of 15 to 60 seconds, whereby the trough in which treatment takes place can be small.

Abstract: On construction sites, the apparatus provides a mast, and a cable-operated winch, for pivot-lifting horizontally-manufactured wall-frames to the vertical position. Upper and lower section of 2".times.6" lumber form the length of the mast. Top and bottom mast-elements have hollow-box sockets, into which the lengths of lumber are telescoped, and a middle mast-element receives both upper and lower lumber sections. The middle mast-element carries a winch, the cable of which is hooked to the top rail of the wall-frame.