Abstract: An improved laser pumping system is provided which utilizes optic fibers configured in a fan-in arrangement and an array of light emitting diodes or diode lasers to which the optic fibers are connected for concentrating light energy on a lasing medium. The improvement is an increase of the amount of light energy that can be applied to the laser within a fixed volume.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method by which a three-dimensional horn structure at the end of a channel waveguide in a dielectric chip is produced to facilitate coupling of a fiber optic waveguide by butt coupling techniques. The three-dimensional horn structure is fabricated by localized surface diffusion resulting from superposing a CO.sub.2 laser heating beam on the desired enlarged area while diffusion of the waveguide is taking place or after it has taken place in a controlled ambient furnace atmosphere.

Abstract: In a liquid crystal imaging display comprising a liquid crystal layer formed over the top surface of a MOS integrated circuit, the reflectivity of the pixel control electrodes is enhanced by means of a polycrystalline silicon layer formed over the MOS integrated circuit and polished to have an optically smooth surface over which the pixel control electrodes and the liquid crystal may be placed. Contrast ratios on the order of 100 to 1 are achieved.

Abstract: Demand flow cryostat 10 has an expansion nozzle 24 from which flow is controlled by valve needle 32. Bellows 34 regulates flow to maintain substantially constant temperature in the cooled space adjacent interior surface 26. Guide tube 38 and felt 44 control flow of the mixed liquid-vapor cryogen to stabilize temperature at the electronic device 30 which is cooled by the cryostat.

Abstract: In a CMOS FATMOS EEPROM, in which a floating gate and its associated tunneling region overlies the source to drain channel, device density is dramatically improved by sharing a source diffusion between adjacent FATMOS transistors and by reversing the function of the source and drain diffusions between reading and writing operations. During writing of a logic "one" into an individual memory cell, the shared diffusion and the control gate are held at +18 volts while the well region is grounded and the other diffusion is selectively grounded.

Abstract: The specification discloses a process for forming a graded index waveguide structure by first providing a substrate of a first selected optical material having a chosen index of refraction. Next, a patterned layer of a second optical material is formed on one surface of the substrate or, optionally, within selected cavities formed in the substrate. This second optical material has a refractive index which is larger than the refractive index of the substrate. The patterned layer of the second optical material is formed in a predetermined geometry and to a predetermined thickness. Then, a layer of a third selected optical material is formed on the patterned layer of the second optical material and on the substrate surface to a predetermined thickness. This third optical material has a refractive index which is substantially the same as the refractive index of the substrate.

Abstract: In an apparatus capable of duplicating jacketed and unjacketed microfiche, a bank of clear cylindrical lenses is provided, each lens being divided into segments by a series of substantially opaque baffles. The lenses are used with a corresponding bank of aperture lamps, and are disposed between the lamps and microfiche to provide relatively uniform, collimated light upon an image plane, the side of the lenses closest to the microfiche being flattened, and the baffles having an index of refraction lower than that of the clear segments of the lens.

Abstract: A graphic image represented by a two-level pel-to-pel definition is compressed by one-dimensional redundancy reduction coding using an entropy preserving algorithm which allows for real time reduction of the pel-to-pel data without any loss in image resolution. The compressed data is concatenated for transmission and then separated and decoded back to a pel-to-pel format for defining a facsimile image.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for generating a random (mezzotint) screen for producing halftone copies of continuous tone documents. The random screen comprises a matrix of random numbers representing a sequence of digital reference values with respect to which video (scan) signals are compared for producing halftone picture elements (pels). The apparatus comprises a first and a second random number generator, the first being disposed for providing an initial or starting state for the second, in response to applied clock pulses. Using the supplied starting state, the second random number generator produces the random screen reference values in response to applied clock signals. The random screen reference values produced by the apparatus permits minimum halftone dot size (i.e., the size of the dot used in producing halftone images) to be varied, and halftone patterns to be selectively repeated or not repeated.

Abstract: A tandem dual-head lithographic duplicator is equipped for operation in alternative modes, i.e., either for duplexing by printing on opposite faces of the copy sheets in sequence, or for simplexing. In the simplexing mode the printing of the copy sheets is carried out on one head simultaneously with the cleanup and preparation operations on the other head, with a sequence of printing jobs being performed alternately on one printing head and then on the other while, in each case, the non-printing head is being prepared. Accordingly, substantially continuous simplexing operation can be achieved except in the case of very short printing runs.

Abstract: A diazo microfilm which is resistant to fading upon exposure to strong light for extended periods of time is provided. The fade-resistant diazo microfilm is produced by saponifying a cellulose alkanoate film to an extent defined by certain infrared absorption parameters.

Abstract: A photocopy machine is provided comprising an exposure roller for exposing a sensitized copy sheet to an original document to be copied and an applicator roller for applying a developer to the exposed copy sheet to produce a visible image. A drive means is provided for selectively operating the rollers in a first or a second mode of operation. In the first mode of operation, the rollers are positively driven in one direction for making copies and in the second mode of operation the rollers are free wheeling in either direction to facilitate removal of a sheet jam and servicing of the machine.

Abstract: In a developing apparatus for developing exposed copy sheets with liquid developer, which apparatus employs an applicator roll for the developer liquid and metering and pressure blades in contact with the applicator roll for controlling the development process, there is provided a wick for applying the developer liquid to the roll. Means is provided for moving the wick into and out of contact with the surface of the applicator roll so that the wick may be withdrawn whenever the apparatus is stopped in order to allow uniform drying of the roll surface to forestall the possibility of non uniform development treatment which otherwise might occur when the apparatus is next used.

Abstract: There is provided for use with a conveyor, an unloading apparatus for automatically removing a stack of sheets from a succession of shelves or bins, as in a collator, and conveying it to a desired location. The unloading apparatus includes a gripper which is adapted to advance to grip the sheets as presented on a shelf and then retract to insert the stack of sheets onto a conveyor, e.g. a tape conveyor. The gripper includes a four-bar linkage whereby the upper one of its jaws is elevated from a position beneath the plane of travel of the stack of sheets into gripping relation with the stack by a spring biased over-center action. The gripper with the stack is moved linearly onto the conveyor which takes over from the gripper to continue the movement of the stack of sheets. At the delivery end of the gripper stroke, the four-bar linkage is actuated in an opposite direction, the stack released, and the upper jaw retracted out of the path of the stack.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for measuring the flow rate of liquid developer in a diazotype copy machine. The liquid developer is supplied from a supply source to a flowmeter provided with a metering device for dispensing the liquid developer from the flowmeter to a reservoir mounted on the flowmeter. A valve is associated with the reservoir and is actuable between a closed condition for retaining the liquid developer in the reservoir and an open condition for draining the liquid developer from the reservoir. An indicator is provided on the reservoir for measuring the flow rate, subsequent to actuation of the valve from the open to the closed condition, and provides an indication of the quantity of liquid developer received by the reservoir relative to a predetermined time period.

Abstract: A lithographic ink and moisture control system is provided for maintaining copy quality over a wide range of operating and environmental conditions without special operator assistance. The control system, among other things, adjusts the ink and moisture feed rates to compensate for predicted changes in master conditions associated with the absorption of moisture by the master during the course of a copy run.

Abstract: In an elongate exposure assembly in a copying machine, an illumination cylinder is nested in an array of elongate rolls which cooperate with endless elastic belts to drive the cylinder and feed the originals and copy sheets around the same. The rolls are of minimum stiffness, but are nevertheless capable of acting to feed the sheets correctly by reason of one or more self-locating spreader plates arranged at appropriate positions along their lengths to hold the rolls locally in the proper relationship to each other. Each such plate is provided with a throat opening into the cylinder receiving opening to provide access for the sheets to be exposed.

Abstract: A roll for friction feeding copy paper in the developer section of diazo copying machines is constructed by roughening its surface to a degree which provides an RMS value of 150 to 350 microinches, and then subjecting the thus roughened surface to a hard coat anodizing treatment.

Abstract: The description deals with a process of duplicating page order sheets designed to greatly augment the output of existing office duplicators by preparing masters each of which carries the image of two pages of data. The master is placed on the cylinder with the page lengths axially disposed and the page widths peripherally disposed, and prints on long sheets each of which carries two pages of data side by side, each being placed in successive pockets of a collator. The stack of printed sheets in each pocket is then placed in a paper stack cutter and cut into two stacks of standard sized sheets. The present invention relates to the discovery that a certain page order sequence of originals can be devised which will allow the whole process to proceed in an orderly routine manner, materially simplifying the procedure for the operator.

Abstract: An electrical connector having a receptacle means including a receptacle shell and a plug means including a plug shell, coupling means including a coupling housing engaged with a coupling nut for rotation of the coupling nut, the coupling nut having threaded engagement with the plug shell and the coupling housing having a breech lock means engagable with cooperable breech lock lands on the receptacle shell, the plug means and receptacle means being adapted to be fully electrically mated and locked by rotation of the coupling housing through about 90.degree.. An arcuate detent member of about 180.degree. keyed to the plug shell for relative axial movement and received within an annular groove in the coupling housing for resilient forcible selective engagement of opposite radially outwardly enlarged ends of the arcuate detent member with two sets of radially outwardly formed recesses in the coupling housing.