Abstract: A test pattern is scanned to find ideal print-medium advance for a pen (or other marking device). The pattern has a medium; and, marked on it, image patches each with overlapped swaths stepped by different distances. At best there are different-color pens; and for each distance a set of patches, each with a patch for each color (preferably area fills at sensitive tones by color). All patches in a set are best adjacent along a scan direction, with alignment lines above each set across the whole pattern, and a nozzle-conditioning patch at each image patch. A processor prints the pattern, operates a sensor and uses its signals to find optimum advance. The system finds and prints with ideal advance for a most-active pen; or weighs pen activity to find an optimum for all pens based on certain statistical and/or prospective choices.

Abstract: A program with complete conditions for a usable mask yields a unitary mask, each try. One mask pattern is used throughout an image, but may be “tiled”. Preferably the program, for given mask position, expresses favorability of several candidate pass numbers as a “neighborhood constraint” in the form of a weight; distills the weights into one weight for each pass number; based on that, chooses a number for the position; and iterates for all positions. Many preferences are very useful, e.g. automatically balancing randomness vs. determinism, and several generalized relative notations. Another invention facet uses an input text file of mask constraints; a program reads constraints from the file, applies them, forms a mask and stores/uses it. Another reprocesses a mask for best image quality, fixing its own imperfections of first-round mask forming.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are introduced for detecting and measuring a gas within a gaseous specimen by radiation-absorption spectroscopy. The apparatus includes a housing, and a coiled waveguide arranged in the housing—with a radiation inlet for receiving radiation and a radiation outlet for emitting the received radiation. The housing has a gas entry chamber enclosing a first portion of the waveguide to receive the gas; and a gas exhaust chamber on the opposed side of the waveguide enclosing a second portion of the waveguide and adapted to exhaust the gaseous specimen. Perforated openings are formed in the first and second portions—providing short paths for flow of the specimen from the entry chamber through the guide into the exhaust chamber. A laser projects electromagnetic radiation into the inlet of the guide, and a photodetector receives the radiation from the outlet.

Abstract: A printhead makes passes over a printing medium, each pass forming a swath of marks on the medium. In one aspect of the invention, between passes the medium steps by a nonzero distance that varies from step to step. In another aspect, swath edges are spaced away (ideally well away) from each other. In yet another aspect a printer has a reciprocating carriage—to carry a printhead for forming, in each certain multiple of a half-reciprocation, a swath of marks on the medium. Each head includes multiple printing elements, a number of combinations of groups of which are used to print each region of each swath; the invention increases the number of combinations used to print each region. In still another aspect, the step distance is random or randomized. Ideally these aspects are all used together. Preferably (1) step distance varies at every step—e.g.

Abstract: A probe contacts targeted tissue, sometimes while positioned adjacent to nontargeted live tissues. In preferred forms, the probe includes a support that only minimally conducts heat from nontargeted tissues. A very conductive targeted-tissue-contacting element, at an end of the support, is immersed in a liquid cryogen (preferably nitrogen) and then removed for contacting with (e. g., insertion into) the targeted tissue. An ultrathin highly thermoconductive polymeric tubing holds both a very conductive, cold material, forming the targeted-tissue-contacting element, and fine insulating material (e. g. highly insulating elastomer) forming part of the support. The targeted-tissue-contacting element is fashioned to fit the targeted tissue in at least one dimension, and the support to fit nontargeted live tissues (if any) adjacent to which the probe is positioned while contacting the targeted tissue.

Abstract: Electrical connections between a cable connector and an electronics module—that has a corresponding panel connector—are made/broken quickly and easily with a light, low-bulk half-shell that is an exclusively mechanical, nonelectrical intermediary from connector to module. A rack receives and holds the module, and a connector holder, formed in the rack, receives and holds the cable and panel connectors aligned. A cam is associated with the rack or module, and a cam-follower with the other—preferably in duplicate opposed sets. A single, one-hand-actuated lever on the rack or module operates the cam or follower to bodily shift module vs. rack and engage/disengage the connectors. Preferences: each holder easily and quickly engages/disengages from a corresponding cable connector. Typically a module weighs at least several pounds. The cam has a concave arcuate segment to draw the module in and seat the connectors, and a convex arcuate segment to eject the module and unseat them.

Abstract: A self-contained thermo-mechanically self-opening steam head that is normally generally flush with a supporting steam room wall when not in use so as not to pose a safety hazard. The steam head has a mechanical thermostat that automatically responds to the presence of heat as from steam to move a deflector plate, which normally generally blocks a steam outlet from the head, to an open position. That open position is spaced from but closely in front of the steam outlet. This allows steam to flow out of the outlet, but the deflector plate diverts the outward steam flow to a direction generally along the supporting wall. When the steam is shut off, the thermostat cools and thereby causes the deflector plate to return to its closed, blocking position. There is no electrical wiring or connection which could pose a major safety hazard in the presence of water.

Abstract: A calibration technique, for a printer having a plurality of different color ink printheads, which includes printing and scanning a test pattern. The test pattern is printed by each printhead printing a plurality of swaths having a length and distanced apart from each other. An optical sensor is used to scan the printed test pattern. Calibration is performed for each head by reading the swath length and the relative spacing of the swath and comparing the length to the spacing. This comparison is used to find the directional error for each head.

Abstract: A method of flattening print media in an ink jet apparatus, said apparatus comprising a media feed path, a media drive roller and one or more pinch rollers, said one or more pinch rollers being arranged to rotatably cooperate with said drive roller so as to grip said media therebetween, said drive roller having a rotational axis extending substantially transverse to said feed path and being arranged to rotate in first and second directions to respectively feed said media in first and second feed directions; said method comprising the steps of: feeding said media a first distance in said first feed direction; and then, feeding said media a second distance in said second feed direction, thereby causing said media to flatten in a direction substantially transverse to said feed path.

Abstract: One invention aspect forms a mask and matrix of corresponding backups for values in the mask, checks when a mask value is not working, and replaces only that value with only a matching matrix entry. A second matrix of further backups is best formed. Another aspect forms a mask as a matrix of stacks of matching entries for mask positions; selects an entry for each position from the matching matrix stack; and prints using the selected entry at each position. Another aspect forms a mask as a matrix of stacks of matching entries for mask positions, and rotates each stack to select an entry for each position. Another aspect forms a mask and a matrix of stacks of backups; finds nonworking mask values and replaces such values with backups from a matching stack. Another aspect forms a seminal mask, tiles it to make a larger one with related properties, and injects noise to disrupt tiling-caused regularity and form a less-regular mask.

Abstract: An apparatus for implementing a game having a deterministic component and a non-deterministic component wherein a player uses the game through at least one player interface unit. Each player interface unit generates a player record indicating player-initiated events. A random number generator provides a series of pseudo-random numbers and a rules library stores indexed rules for one or more games. An interface registry stores mapping records where the mapping records are used to associate the player-initiated events to pre-selected rules in the rules library. A control means is coupled to the player interface to receive the output of the player interface unit, coupled to the interface registry, the rules library, and the random number generator.

Abstract: A printhead scans to form marks in a multirow swath on the medium. A mechanism gives relative motion between the head and medium, orthogonal to the scan. Normal advance of the mechanism is at least several rows. There are variants or preferences: in one, the mechanism steps about a row or less to deliberately misalign successive swaths. There is best no associated data shift or normal advance. In another, the step roughly equalizes graininess between image regions with and without normal advance—e.g. between scans near at least one end of a page, to roughly equalize graininess as to swaths near and far from the end. The step best equals different fractions of a row, respectively, between successive swath pairs; these fractions progressively decrease—as e.g. programmed: paperAdvance=Amplitude*cos(Frequency*nPasses+Phase);. Preferably Amplitude is 7; Frequency is 0.2244; nPasses are increments from zero through 7; and Phase is zero.

Abstract: Liquid conductivity and temperature are measured in respective sensitivity fields that are collocated—i. e., in volumes that nearly match by mathematical, geometrical, or functional criteria. Collocation is as distinct from mere adjacency or proximity; and is with respect to measurement volumes, not measuring hardware. Preferably pressure too is measured with sensitivity very generally collocated to the conductivity and temperature sensitivity. Preferably, respective temporal/spatial bandwidths of the two (or three) sensors are matched. Preferably the pressure sensor is a MEMS transducer, the conductivity sensor is a four-terminal device, the thermometer is a thermistor encapsulated in a silkscreened glass wall, and circuits (1) compensate for time lag between conductivity and temperature measurement, (2) remove artifacts due to detritus in or near either sensor, and (3) derive secondary parameters of the liquid.

Abstract: An imaging system for detecting the contents of a turbid medium which is at least partially transmissive of light. The system includes a light source for producing a series of discrete pulse beams which are substantially uniform in intensity to illuminate sections of the medium, a large aperture optical element for collecting and focusing the reflected portions of the pulse beam, a streak tube with a very large photocathode for collecting the maximum amount of light from weak returns, and a detector. A volume display of the medium is generated by translating the transmitted and received light beams normal to the longitudinal axis of the pulse beam to illuminate adjacent sections of the medium, and combining the sections to provide a volume display. The motion is used to provide the scan of the pulse beam.

Abstract: An inkjet printing system uses high-resolution printheads holding different color inks to produce true 600 dpi color printing with a single pass of the printheads. By achieving a smaller drop size in the range of 25-50 picoliters for each printhead having a separate ink color (yellow, cyan, magenta, black), a full range of high-resolution color print-quality modes is possible. In an exemplary embodiment with a carriage scan speed of 25 ips, a two-pass draft mode uses a 7.5 kHz firing frequency, a four-pass normal mode uses a 4 kHz firing frequency, and an eight-pass best mode uses a 2 kHz firing frequency. In all of these print modes, each printhead can provide color inkdrop placement on every pixel row during a single pass.

Abstract: A printhead makes passes over a printing medium, each pass forming a swath of marks on the medium. In one aspect of the invention, between passes the medium steps by a nonzero distance that varies from step to step. In another aspect, swath edges are spaced away (ideally well away) from each other. In yet another aspect a printer has a reciprocating carriage—to carry a printhead for forming, in each certain multiple of a half-reciprocation, a swath of marks on the medium. Each head includes multiple printing elements, a number of combinations of groups of which are used to print each region of each swath; the invention increases the number of combinations used to print each region. In still another aspect, the step distance is random or randomized. Ideally these aspects are all used together. Preferably (1) step distance varies at every step—e.g.

Abstract: A structure of bands is associated with printhead-array image-forming elements, forming a printmask. Some band pairs are complementary. A low usage percent is stated for at least one band and a like value for another, a complement to each “at least one” band, to smooth the mask and image. The invention best sets a number N of passes, a wavenumber multiplier M for the image, and overall number B of bands N×M×2, the “2” accounting for odd and even elements; bands appear in order: first group of M bands, odd and even, second group of M bands, odd and even, . . . (N−1)th group of M bands, odd and even, Nth group of M bands, odd and even. In another novel aspect the invention has programming for creating a geometrical structure of bands, respectively associated with the image-forming elements and constituting the printmask.

Abstract: Activity or craft apparatus and method for simply, quickly and inexpensively creating a thin lithophane-like pictorial work that provides a picture or image when light passes through the work from the rear. The work is formed from a formable translucent material. One form of illustrated apparatus comprises a generally closed container having a transparent see-through front wall. On the rearwardly inwardly facing side of the wall it has a contoured forming surface that is the reverse image of a desired contoured recessed picture-providing surface of a desired lithophane-type work. The illustrated container also has a second or rear wall that is generally parallel to and closely spaced from the front wall. The rear wall is translucent or transparent so that the light can pass through it from the rear.