Abstract: A semiconductor integrated circuit has a ferroelectric capacitor. The ferroelectric capacitor includes a first insulation film formed above a semiconductor substrate, a first electrode which is buried in a first hole formed in the first insulation film and whose surface is flattened, a second insulation film formed above the first insulation film and having a second hole above the first electrode, a ferroelectric film formed in the second hole, and a second electrode formed in the second hole and above the ferroelectric film and flattened so as to be flush with a surface of the second insulation film.

Abstract: .alpha.- and .beta.-amino acid hydroxyethylamino sulfonamide compounds are effective as retroviral protease inhibitors, and in particular as inhibitors of HIV protease.

Abstract: An earth structure includes a plurality of elongated stabilizing elements in an earth mass behind a facing made up of facing panels. A plurality of connectors behind the facing connects the facing to the stabilizing elements. Each connector has a rear attachment portion attached to a respective stabilizing element, and each connector also has at least two spaced apart front attachment portions attached to a facing panel. The earth mass includes a first region of soil suitable for plant growth which also defines the region in which the connectors are located. A second region of structural back fill is provided which includes the stabilizing elements.